Chapters 8 and 9 Social Classes of ancient Egypt – Flashcards
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In order from highest to lowest, what are the social classes of ancient Egypt? (Ms Beach)
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Pharaoh, government officials, priests, scribes, artisans, peasants
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From oldest to most recent, what are the three kingdoms (periods of time) of ancient Egypt? (Ms Beach)
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Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, New Kingdom
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When was King Tut's tomb discovered? (Liam)
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1922
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Define Pharaoh.(Liam)
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A ruler of Ancient Egypt
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Who are the rulers we studied of Ancient Egypt?(Liam)
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Khufu, Senusret, Hatshepsut, Ramses
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What was Khufu famous for? (Liam)
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He built the Great Pyramid of Giza
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Senusret was the patron of what? (Liam)
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The Arts
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What was Hatshepsut the promoter of? (Liam)
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Egyptian Trade
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Which Pharaoh out of the four we are studying was a woman? (Liam)
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Hatshepsut
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What could Ramses II do? (Liam)
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He could lead the Military and he was a master builder
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What was Ramses II's nickname? (Liam)
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Ramses the Great
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Define treaty. (Liam)
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A written agreement by which two or more states agree to peaceful relations
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Define Social Pyramid. (Liam)
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A pyramid outline showing the positions of Social Classes according to their status in a society.
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Define Social Class. (Liam)
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A group in a society that is ranked by factors such as wealth, property, and rights
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Did Ancient Egyptian Women have freedom? (Liam)
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Yes. In fact, they enjoyed more freedom then most women did in the Ancient World. A few women, including Hatshepsut, became Pharaohs.
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Define status. (Liam)
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Importance in society
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Define Noble. (Liam)
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Of high birth or rank
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Define peasant. (Liam)
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A person who does farm work for wealthy land owners
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Define afterlife. (Liam)
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An existence after death
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Define hieroglyph. (Liam)
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A symbol used in Hieroglyphics.
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When were Hieroglyphics developed? What were they? (Liam)
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3000 B.C.E., a system of writing
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Name five types of Artisans. (Liam)
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Carpenters, Jewelers, Leatherworkers,. Metalworkers, Painters, Potters, Sculptors, Stone Carvers, and Weavers. I put all nine just in case you didn't have the first five.
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Out of the nine types of Artisans, which were the most skilled? (Liam)
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Stone Carvers
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Were more females or more males Artisans? (Liam)
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Males
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Name the three seasons of the Nile. (Liam)
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Flooding, Planting, Harvest
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When did the Flooding season start? When did it end? (Liam)
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It started in June, it ended in September
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When did the Planting Season start? (Liam)
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October
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When did the Harvest season start? (Liam)
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March
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Why could a farmer get punished? (Liam)
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For a poor harvest
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Name two ways a farmer would get punished for a poor harvest. (Liam)
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They would get brutally beaten or be forced to pay taxes in the form of crops.
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Were priests respected? (Liam)
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Yes, they were in the third highest level of the Social Class
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What did scribes do in Ancient Egypt? (Liam)
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They wrote and kept records
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What was the largest Social Class? (Liam)
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The Peasants
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What did priests do as one of many steps of receiving religious purity? (Liam)
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They shaved their heads
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How long did the Great Pyramid take to complete? Isabella M.
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It took twenty years to complete.
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What kind of mines did Senusret have? Isabella M.
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He had mines for gold, copper, and gems like amethyst.
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What were necklaces often decorated with? Isabella M.
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They were often decorated with stones like turquoise.
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Which of the seven wonders of the world did Khufu build? (Trey H)
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The Great Pyramids of Giza
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How many stone blocks made up the Pyramids of Giza? (Trey H)
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Two million blocks
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What was another name for the New Kingdom? Why? (Trey H)
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Egypt's Golden Age because of many years of peace and stability
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What was another name for the Middle Kingdom? Why? (Trey H)
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The Period of Reunification because of many years of chaos and disunity
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What is another name for the Old Kingdom? (Trey H)
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The Age of the Pyramids
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Why were the pharaohs so important? (Trey H)
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They were believed to be the gods
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What is a mummy? (Trey H)
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A body that has been preserved after death to keep it from decaying
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What were the pharaoh's jobs? (Trey H)
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The pharaohs are kings, generals, religious leaders, owners of all land, and responsible for the well-being of his people.
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Where were the pharaohs believed to go after death? (Trey H)
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To an after life that is eternal
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What was Senusret's greatest architectural achievement? (Trey H)
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The White Chapel
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What was the purpose of peasants? (Max S.)
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They worked in the fields to grow crops and they helped build large structures such as pyramids.
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Name one important piece of literature written during the Middle Kingdom.(Liam)
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The story of Sinuhe
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What was depicted on the White Chapel? (Liam)
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Birds, other animals, and Egyptian symbols
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What was Hatshepsut's biggest TRADE expedition? (Liam)
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To the African Kingdom of Punt
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What was the Old Kingdom known for? (Moriah Feng)
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Pyramid building and strong central government with the pharaoh being the center.
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What was the Middle Kingdom known for? (Moriah Feng)
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The arts and architecture.
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What was the New Kingdom known for? (Moriah Feng)
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Peace, prosperity and trade.
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In which kingdom did Khufu reign in? (Moriah Feng)`
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The Old Kingdom
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Which kingdom did Senusret reign in? (Moriah Feng)
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The Middle Kingdom
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Which kingdom did Hatshepsut reign in? (Moriah Feng)
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The New Kingdom
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In which kingdom did Ramses the second reign? (Moriah Feng)
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The New Kingdom
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How many wives did Ramses have? How many children? (Liam)
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Over 100 and over 100
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Approximately how long did Khufu reign? (Liam)
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23 years
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Approximately how long did Senusret reign? (Liam)
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45 years
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Approximately how long did Hatshepsut reign? (Liam)
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15 years
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Approximately how long did Ramses reign? (Liam)
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66 years
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Which pharaoh out of the four we are studying ruled the longest? (Liam)
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Ramses
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What was the Middle Kingdom's nickname? Ryan Shultis
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The Age of Reunification (Ms Beach)
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Who built the Great Pyramid of Giza? Ryan Shultis
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Pharaoh Khufu was in charge of building the Great Pyramid.
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What was Hatshepsut's temple called? Ryan Shultis
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Temple at Dayr al-Bahri
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What was the nickname for the Old Kingdom? (Ms Beach)
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The Age of the Pyramids
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What was the nickname for the New Kingdom? (Ms Beach)
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The Golden Age
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What is Ramses the temple called? (Moriah Feng)
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Abu Simbel
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What is a famous story written in the Middle Kingdom? (Moriah Feng)
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The Story of Sinuhe
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How many Sphinx statues were at Dayr al-Bahri? (Moriah F.)
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200
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What is the name of King Ramses the second's favorite wife? (Moriah F.)
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Nefertari
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How old was Ramses when he was a captain in his father's army? (Moriah F.)
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10 years old
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Fill in the blanks: King Ramses' mummy is the ________ ___________ mummy found. (Moriah F.)
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one of the Best Preserved
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How many classes are in the Ancient Egyptian social pyramid? (Moriah F.)
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Six
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What were the different opinions about Khufu? (Moriah F.)
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Some say he was cruel and harsh Others say he was powerful but kind
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What is the yearly important festival? (Moriah F.)
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The Opet Festival
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When was the Opet Festival? (Liam)
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When the Nile Flooded
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Do Social Classes of High Rank have more people of fewer people? (Liam)
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fewer
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Why were priests so important? (Liam)
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Religion touched everyone's daily lives
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The pharaoh's word was.... (Liam)
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Law
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Did every part of the Social Class get involved in the Opet Festival? (Liam)
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Yes, they all had their own parts
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What was the largest social class?(Reeti)
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peasants
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Who worked on the pharaoh's building projects?(Reeti)
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peasants
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Who were the head of the household?(Reeti)
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Men
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Who managed the house and raised children?(Reeti)
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Women
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Did women have more rights in ancient Egypt than other ancient civilizations?(Reeti)
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Yes
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True or False? Women could be priests.(Reeti)
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True
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What purpose did the Class System serve? (Reeti)
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It created a stable, well-ordered society.
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Who did the government officials assist?(Reeti)
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The Pharaoh
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What are three types of government officials? (There are more these are the only ones we studied-Ms Beach) (Reeti)
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1. Vizier 2. Chief treasurer 3. General of the armies
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What did the vizier do?(Reeti)
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He advised & carried out commands of the pharaoh. He also appointed and supervised other government officials.
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What was the main job of the chief treasurer?(Reeti)
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to collect taxes
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What were taxes paid with? (Reeti)
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Goods such as 1. Grains 2. Cows 3. Cloth 4. Silver
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What is the flooding festival called? Casey S
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It was called Opet
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What were the roles of a women in an Egyptian house? Casey S
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Women managed house and raised children.
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What did men do in the household? Casey S
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They trained the boys.
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what was the most important type of government officials? -3li Luke
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vizier -3li Luke
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name the classes of the social pyramid in order -3li luke
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pharaoh government official scribe artisan pesant
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what are the 3 kinds of priests? -3li luke
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high priests temple priests common priests
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what is the most common artisan? -3li luke
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stone workers
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how old did scribes start school? -3li luke
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5 years old
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how long did scribe school last? -3li luke
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12 years
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How many hieroglyphs did they have to memorize? (Mia Murillo)
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over 700
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What did a priest have to be in order to enter a pharaoh's burial room? (Jay)
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Purified
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How many rooms did an artisan's house have and what were they?(Dillon S:)
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three rooms, the living room, the work room, and the kitchen combined with the bedroom.
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Define noble. (Moriah F.)
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Of high birth or rank.
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Define peasant. (Moriah F.)
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A person who does farm work for wealthy landowners.
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Define afterlife. (Moriah F.)
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An existence after death.
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Which is the Patron god celebrated during the Opet Festival? (Moriah F.)
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Amon-Re
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What are the five steps in making papyrus paper? (Moriah F.)
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1) Cut the inner part of the plant into strips. 2) Soak the strips until they are soft. 3) Lay the soaked strips in a criss-cross pattern 4) Press between two sheets of cloth to soak up the water 5) Press the paper once more.
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What did peasants eat?(Catie B.)
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onions, bread, cucumbers, fish, peas, lentils (boiled papyrus during famine.
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What were peasants allowed to do after harvest?(Catie B.)
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gather up the leftovers and keep them if there was extra after paying taxes.
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What were the three seasons and when were they?(Catie B.)
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Flood: June-September Plant: October Harvest: March
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In times of famine what would the peasants eat? (Mia Murillo)
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They would boil papyrus
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What did a peasant's house look like? (Moriah F.)
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It was a simple mud brick house with no furniture, just woven mats.
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What could the roof in an Artisan's house be used as? (Liam)
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An extra workroom or an extra bedroom
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Describe the river game peasants would play. (Liam)
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They would try to knock each other off papyrus rafts
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True or False: Sometimes while singing, peasants got instrumental company. (Liam)
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True
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During what season was the Opet Festival/ (Will J.)
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The flooding seasons
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Who where the two stars of the Opet Festival? (Will J.)
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The pharaoh and the god Amon-'Re
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What did each social class do during the Opet Festival? (Will J.)
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The Pharaoh watched because it was in honor of him. Priests would decorate the a stature of Amon-'Re with jewelry, put it in a shrine, and put it in a boat called a barque which was also decorated. Artisans crafted the barque. Government officials would fight over who got to carry the barque. Peasants would line the streets to watch the parade. Scribes wrote about the celebration
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Who did the scribes usally work for? Stephanie B
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Pharaoh, Goverment Officials, and Priests
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What did the pheasants do during the flooding season? Stephanie B
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they worked on Pharoaoh's projects
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What game did the peasant men like to play? Stephanie B
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They liked toplay a game of which they had to push each other off of papyrus rafts
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Name one way that priests had to purify themselvs
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1) shave off all hair 2) do not eat meat or fish 3) bath in holy pools 3 times a day 4) wore linin cloths
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Name the three types of goverment officials and what they do? Stephanie B
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Vizor- advises the pharaoh Chief Treasurer- takes care of mony and taxes General of armys- takes care of armys
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What were the ways that Hatshepsut got respect like a male pharaoh? Casey S.
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She dressed in mens clothing, wore a fake beard, artists portrayed hr as a man, and she spread rumors that her father was a god.
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What did Ramses II do with the Hittites? Casey S.
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He signed the world first peace treaty.
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Why did Egyptian women have more rights than most other women in the ancient world? Ryan Shultis
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They could own land, run businesses, they could ask for divorces, they cold be government officials and priestesses.
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As a reward for a good harvest, who got he left over wheat? Ryan Shultis
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The peasants, for they grew and harvest it.
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Describe a banquet. Ryan Shultis
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Fine clothing special food- grapes figs meats men and women sit on opposite sides of the table guests were blesses musicians played
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Why were temple priests important? Ryan Shultis
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They took care and maintained the temples
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What is a sickle? (Sophia J. P.)
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A sickle is a metal blade with short wooden handles
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What is a lute? (Sophia J. P.)
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A lute is a guitar like instrument
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What is a census? Who recorded it? (Sophia J.P.)
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A census is a counted amount of people in a country, and scribes recorded the census?
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Who made the barques for the opet festival? (Sophia J.P.)
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Artisans made barques for the opet festival.
