Question 1

Which of the following is true with regard to groups?

Accepted Answer

A group influences our emotional reactions

Question 2

Which of the following is true regarding formal groups?

Accepted Answer

They are marked by stipulated behaviors in pursuit of organizational goals.

Question 3

An informal group is characterized by the

Accepted Answer

Fulfillment of the need for social contact

Question 4

Which of the following differentiates between formal and informal groups?

Accepted Answer

Formal groups involved clearly defined tasks and roles, while informal groups are neither formally structured nor organizationally determined.

Question 5

Out tendency to take personal pride or offense for the accomplishments of a group we are a part of is the territory of the ______ theory.

Accepted Answer

Social Identity

Question 6

Which of the following is true with regard to the social identity theory?

Accepted Answer

It proposes that people have emotional reactions to the failure or success of their group because their self-esteem is tied into the group\'s performance.

Question 7

_________ is defined as the tendency to see members of the group of which we are a part of as better than other people.

Accepted Answer

In group favoritism

Question 8

At Milton farms, where a large part of the management comes from the same sociocultural background, many employees of diverse ethical or cultural origins are hired only to ensure legal compliance with laws relating to diversity at the workplace. The company\'s day-to-day functioning leaves much to be desired in terms of promoting diversity. Recently, the owner\'s cousin was promoted to the post of a branch manager while three suitable candidates hailing from different cultures were blatantly overlooked. This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

Ingroup favoritism

Question 9

Aaron Dias was working on the last shift for the day at All Needs, a retail store owned by an Asian man, when he opened the cash register and stole some money thinking that nobody would witness him stealing. However, one of the customers watched him steal the money and reported it to the manager the next day, and Aaron was terminated. Subsequently, the manager became extremely strict with all his Caucasian employees and was often heard abusing them by saying, \"You guys are all the same.\" This scenario depicts ________.

Accepted Answer

Ingroup favoritism

Question 10

Similarity is a characteristic under the social identity theory that manifests itself in the ________.

Accepted Answer

tendency of people who have greater uniformity in values and characteristics to have greater group identification as well

Question 11

In the context of the social identity theory, distinctiveness refers to the ________.

Accepted Answer

tendency of ingroup members to notice and emphasize identities that reflect how different they are from other groups

Question 12

Status is a characteristic under the social identity theory that reflects the ________.

Accepted Answer

tendency of people to link themselves to groups of higher social standing in an attempt to define themselves favorably

Question 13

Uncertainty reduction is a dimension of the social identity theory that manifests itself in the ________.

Accepted Answer

tendency of people to use the group as a means of understanding who they are and how they fit into the world

Question 14

Which of the following represents the second stage in the five-stage group development model?

Accepted Answer

storming

Question 15

Which of the following stages of the five-stage group development model is characterized by a great deal of uncertainty about the group\'s purpose, structure, and leadership?

Accepted Answer

forming

Question 16

The second stage of the five-stage group development model is characterized by ________.

Accepted Answer

intragroup conflict within the group

Question 17

By the end of the stage of ________, a relatively clear hierarchy of leadership within the group is established.

Accepted Answer

storming

Question 18

During the third stage of group development, ________.

Accepted Answer

the group demonstrates cohesiveness

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true regarding the norming stage of group development?

Accepted Answer

During this stage, the group develops a common set of expectations of what defines correct member behavior.

Question 20

When the group energy is focused on the task at hand and the group is fully functional, it is said to be in the stage of ________.

Accepted Answer

performing

Question 21

Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding the performing stage?

Accepted Answer

For permanent work groups, performing is the last stage in development.

Question 22

Which of the following is true with regard to the five-stage group development model?

Accepted Answer

A positive social focus may aid a group in reaching the performing stage more rapidly.

Question 23

Which of the following statements is true with regard to the punctuated-equilibrium model of group development?

Accepted Answer

It characterizes groups as exhibiting long periods of inertia interspersed with brief revolutionary changes.

Question 24

Tabby Tolman is a project coordinator at Tristar Solutions. Whenever a new project comes her way, she holds a project meeting and follows it up with repeated meetings to address any concerns the team members may have and to monitor their progress. However, with the peak of the business season arriving, she has been holding just one project initiation meeting for every project to save on time. She has become increasingly worried about the team\'s progress with no inputs coming from the members, and she has had no time to check with them. With two weeks left to go for a high priority project of a month\'s duration, she has now begun to see some work coming through and is relieved. This development reflects that the group is at the stage of ________.

Accepted Answer

transition following the halfway mark in the timeline

Question 25

The first phase of group development for temporary groups involves ________.

Accepted Answer

the determination of the group\'s direction

Question 26

The determination of the behavioral patterns and assumptions through which the group approaches the project is a function of the ________ phase in the punctuated-equilibrium model.

Accepted Answer

first meeting

Question 27

Which of the following represents the major determinants of group development and functioning as depicted by the punctuated-equilibrium model?

Accepted Answer

deadlines and time constraints

Question 28

Role perception is defined as ________.

Accepted Answer

our view of how we are supposed to act in a given situation

Question 29

Janice Cooper has recently joined a hospital as a part of the internship program prescribed by the nursing school she attends. Janice, who was inspired to take up this profession by the story of Florence Nightingale, has very strong ideals about how she should behave as a nurse. She feels that as a nurse she must be gentle, pleasant, and caring at all times so she can serve her patients well, and she often goes to great lengths as an intern by putting in extra hours at the hospital and so on. The scenario reflects Janice\'s ________.

Accepted Answer

role perception

Question 30

Role ________ is defined as the way others believe you should act in a given context.

Accepted Answer

expectation

Question 31

Most people assume that police officers should behave in a lawful manner, refrain from demonstrating favoritism to any particular group, and do their best to uphold the law. Which of the following terms best represents these beliefs?

Accepted Answer

role expectation

Question 32

When ________, the result is role conflict.

Accepted Answer

compliance with one role requirement may make it difficult to comply with another

Question 33

Michael is devout and very active in his church. He is also a very dedicated employee. His manager offers him a promotion, but the new role will require him to work Sundays. Michael would like the promotion but realizes that it would force him to miss some church activities. In this situation, Michael is most likely to experience ________.

Accepted Answer

role conflict

Question 34

Which of the following represents the acceptable standards of behavior within a group that are shared by the group\'s members?

Accepted Answer

norms

Question 35

Which of the following is an example of performance norms?

Accepted Answer

the manner in which a job must be done

Question 36

The ________ norms dictate behavior such as with whom group members eat lunch and friendships on and off the job.

Accepted Answer

social arrangement

Question 37

A local government work crew cleans up parks and other public spaces. In this crew, the dirtiest jobs are generally given to the newest members, while the more senior members of the crew tend to do little except draw their pay. Which of the following classes of norms encompasses arrangements like this?

Accepted Answer

resource allocation norms

Question 38

________ refers to the adjustment of one\'s behavior to align with the norms of the group.

Accepted Answer

Conformity

Question 39

The important groups to which an individual belongs or hopes to belong are known as ________ groups.

Accepted Answer

reference

Question 40

Jonas Wilkes has struggled for many years with tight finances at home. Throughout school and college, he worked really hard, earned the best grades, and prepared himself for a better life. By a better life, he meant a house in the uptown Wellington Road and a membership in the Diamond District Club where he envisions himself playing golf on weekends. The residents of Wellington Road and the members of Diamond District Club serve as a ________ for him.

Accepted Answer

reference group

Question 41

Which of the following terms best represents voluntary actions that violate significant organizational norms and, in doing so, threaten the well-being of the organization or its members?

Accepted Answer

deviant workplace behavior

Question 42

Which of the following is true with regard to deviant workplace behavior?

Accepted Answer

Widespread deviant workplace behavior depends on the accepted norms of the group.

Question 43

Status refers to the ________.

Accepted Answer

socially defined position or rank given to groups or group members by others

Question 44

According to status characteristics theory, which of the following factors does not determine status?

Accepted Answer

ability to conform to group norms

Question 45

Which of the following statements is true regarding the effect of status on conformity pressure?

Accepted Answer

People in high-status jobs have especially negative reactions to social pressure exerted by people in low-status jobs

Question 46

Which of the following statements is true regarding the effect that size of the group has on the performance of the group?

Accepted Answer

Compared to smaller groups, larger groups are better at problem solving.

Question 47

Which of the following terms indicates the tendency of individuals to spend less effort when working collectively?

Accepted Answer

social loafing

Question 48

When faced with a number of tight deadlines, Mandy Moore often delegates work collectively. Recently she chose some fairly experienced employees to work on a high-priority project. She was heartened to see that the selected group of employees was having numerous meetings and working hard. However, when she went to check on their progress at the halfway mark in the project schedule, she was shocked to see how little the team had done in the past three weeks. This scenario reflects ________.

Accepted Answer

social loafing

Question 49

Which of the following is a contributing factor with regard to social loafing?

Accepted Answer

dispersion of responsibility

Question 50

Which of the following is an effective means of countering social loafing?

Accepted Answer

ensuring that individual contributions to the group\'s outcome are identified

Question 51

Which of the following is true with regard to social loafing?

Accepted Answer

Social loafing is witnessed less in collectivist cultures where people take pride in group performance.

Question 52

ICE is a non-profit organization that runs awareness campaigns and research programs that provide data to initiate the process of legislative changes on various aspects of the environment like forest cover, nuclear fuel, endangered species and others. The ICE operates through networks of grass-root level researchers who are grouped into flexible project teams whose roles and duties change with each new project. The ICE believes its employees to be like family, and an informal environment pervades its functioning without any compromises being made in the efficiency. Recently, the project manager of the rainwater harvesting pilot project in the suburbs has been informed of two delays in the project. When the third extension request came to him, he looked into the matter by speaking individually with the five team members. Which of the following complaints by the team members, if true, would indicate the presence of social loafing in the team?

Accepted Answer

Two of the most experienced employees on the team reported having to shoulder a disproportionate amount of the current workload and asked for an internal transfer.

Question 53

________ refers to the degree to which members are attracted to each other and motivated to stay in the group.

Accepted Answer

Cohesiveness

Question 54

Which of the following statements is true regarding the effect of group cohesiveness and performance norms on group productivity?

Accepted Answer

When both cohesiveness and performance norms are high, productivity will be high.

Question 55

________ is defined as the extent to which members of a group are similar to, or different from, one another.

Accepted Answer

Diversity

Question 56

Which of the following is an advantage of group decision making when compared to individual decision making?

Accepted Answer

increased diversity of views

Question 57

When ________ is of importance in decision making, group decisions are preferred to individual decisions.

Accepted Answer

acceptance of solution

Question 58

When compared to individual decision making, group decision making has a disadvantage in the area of ________.

Accepted Answer

speed

Question 59

________ is defined as a phenomenon in which the norm for consensus overrides the realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action.

Accepted Answer

Groupthink

Question 60

Sonia Soans is corporate trainer. One of her favorite ways to start a training program is to present a case study and encourage members to think of the case in depth and discuss it amongst each other. Using the results of the activity, she understands the baseline measures of the group\'s functioning. During one of her recent sessions, she observed that the group came to a consensus very quickly. However, when asked to present their views, the team members were not too confident and appeared to be under an illusion of unanimity. From this scenario, we can say that this group experienced ________.

Accepted Answer

groupthink

Question 61

Which of the following steps can be taken by a manager to minimize groupthink?

Accepted Answer

seek input from employees before the group leader presents his or her opinions

Question 62

In discussing a given set of alternatives and arriving at a solution, group members tend to exaggerate the initial positions they hold. This phenomenon is called ________.

Accepted Answer

groupshift

Question 63

Groupshift is seen when ________.

Accepted Answer

group members tend to exaggerate the initial positions they hold when discussing a given set of alternatives and arriving at a solution

Question 64

The HR department at Bailey Services is considering offering telecommuting as an option to some experienced employees. At a meeting to formalize the move, the heads of the different departments met with Laura Watson, the HR manager. Laura, who thought this meeting would be a short one, was proven wrong when all the members, who had previously agreed that telecommuting would work in their company, began coming up with divergent views. By the end, two divisions claimed they had major concerns about allowing employees to telecommute, and those in favor of it were equally vocal. This scenario depicts the operation of ________.

Accepted Answer

groupshift

Chapter 9 Test Bank – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards