Chapter 7: The twenties – Flashcards
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-Carmaker -Introduced a series of methods and ideas that helped production, wages, working condition, and daily life -Did not create the car, brought it to the people, affortable
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Henry Ford
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-rapid manufacture of large numbers of identical products -Ford did not invent this idea, but he brought it to cars
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Mass production
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-a reliable car the average american can afford -First one sold for $850
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Model T
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-Experts to improve the mass production techniques -Looked for ways to reduce time, effort, and expense
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Scientific management
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-Ford put the cars on this -A worker would add something to construct automobile -Made it where it only took 90 minutes to make the car which dropped prices as low as $250
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Assembly line
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a flood of new, affordable goods became available to the public
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Consumer Revolution
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-When a consumer would make a small down payment and then pay off the rest of the debt in regular monthly payments -allowed americans to own products they might otherwise have had to save up for years in order to buy.
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Installment buying
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a period of rising stocks prices
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Bull market
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-another form of buying on credit -paid 10 per cent of stock price and then paid the rest over a period of months.
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Buying on margin
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Many people started to become billion and millionaires which gave them a luxurious life, new factories opened which created new jobs.
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How did the booming economy of the of the 1920s lead to change in Americans lives ?
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Both men refused to use legislation to make social changes. Their economic policies favored big business. Both stayed away from what other countries point of views and ideas were.
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How did domestic and foreign policy change direction under Harding and Collidge?
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Teapot Dome is a national park where oil reserves originally for the navy, and Albert Fall took control of it and leased reserves to oil companies. Causes:
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What is the Teapot Dome Scandal? What were the caused and effects of the Teapot Dome scandal?
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-Secretary of the Treasury -Favored low taxes, a balanced budget, and less business regulation
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Andrew Melon
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-Secretary of Commerce -Favored voluntary cooperation between business and workers -Got people to work together instead of battling
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Herbert Hoover
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-Secretary of the Interior -Took bribes and in return leased federal oil reserves
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Albert Fall
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-Vice president that became president when Harding died. -Coolidge believed business was most important.
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Calvin Coolidge
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The head of Veterans wasted money on unneeded supplies
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Charles Forbes
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-He accepted money from criminals
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Attorney General Harry Daugherty
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He supported high tariffs to protect American businesses from foreign competition.
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What policies did Calvin Coolidge favor to support economic growth?
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A meeting where world leaders agreed to limit construction/ production of warships
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Washington Naval Disarmament Conference
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A treaty that Frank B. Kellogg and Aristide Briand came up with where many nations agreed against war
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Kellogg-Briand Pact
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An agreement that arranged U.S loans to Germany When Germany made reparations payments to Britain and France which gave them the money to pay they debts they owed to U.S
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Dawes Plan
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World peace efforts were settled through arm control agreements and economic policies
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How did the United States support world peace efforts during the 1920s?
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trend that emphasized science and secular values over traditional ideas about religion.
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Modernism
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belief that every word in the bible is true
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Fundamentalism
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trial over a Tennessee schoolteacher for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution.
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Scopes Trial
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the most celebrated defense attorney in America. He lived in Chicago and traveled to tennessee to defend in the Scopes Trial.
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Clarence Darrow
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People living in city sided with darwinism and the people living in the rural did not believe darwinism
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How did the Scopes Trial illustrate the urban-rural split in the 1920's?
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To govern immigration from specific countries.
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Quota System
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originally from the south, terrorizing African Americans during their reconstruction. They targets African Americans, Jews, Catholics, and immigrants.
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Ku Klux Klan
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Instead of just targeting African Americans they began to target Jews, catholics, and immigrants
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How did the goals of the new Ku Klux Klan differ from those of the old Klan?
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The banning of alcohol use
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Prohibition
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Forbidding of any manufacture, distribution, and sale of alcohol.
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18th Amendment
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a law that officially enforced the amendment
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Volstead Act
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sold illegal alcohol to consumers; usually owned speakeasies (secret drinking establishment)
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Bootleggers
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the effects divided rural and urban americans. Americans began to break the law
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What were the effects of the 18th amendment and the Volstead act?
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ASK
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How did the new mass culture reflect technological and social changes?(ASK)
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the most popular silent film star, played the Little Tramp
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Charlie Chapman
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first movie with sound
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The Jazz Singer
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Movies and radio cut across geographic barriers because people were able to hear and see things from all over the world.
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How did movies and radio cut across geographic barriers?
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Leading sport hero, and base-ball home run king
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Babe Ruth
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the first man to fly across the Atlantic ocean in 331/2 hours. One of the most famous person
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Charles Lindbergh
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A young women with a short skirt and rouged cheeks who had her hair chopped close to a style known as a bob.
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Flapper
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They began to take military positions and they demanded complete economic, social, and political equality with men. They won jobs in journalism, aviation banking, and the legal and medical professions.
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What political gains did American Women make during the 1920s?
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an austrian (psychologist)scientist who studied the humans mind and emotions who contributed to literary and artistic modernism.
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Sigmund Freud
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American writers of 1920 were called this because they had no faith in cultural guidepost of the victorian age
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Lost Generation
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It effected the entire generation during and after the war. Literature began to reflect pain and romance and was related to WWI.
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What impact did World War I have on postwar American literature?
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a musical form based on improvisation
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Jazz
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Trumpet player that became the unofficial ambassador of jazz
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Louis Armstrong
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"empress of the blues"
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Bessie Smith
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-flowering of african american culture -created a new vocabulary and dynamic to race relations in the United States
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Harlem Renaissance
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