Chapter 7 Skin Disorders – Flashcards
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alopecia
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loss of hair
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fissure
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a break or slit in tissue
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papule
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a small solid usually conical elevation of the skin
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blepharitis
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inflammation of the eyelids
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induration
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hardened tissue
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petechiae
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a minute reddish or purplish spot containing blood
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maceration
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softening of skin by soaking fluid
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pustule
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small elevation of the skin containing pus
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desquamation
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shedding of the epidermis
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melanin
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pigment that gives color to skin
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xeroderma
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roughness and dryness of the skin
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ecchymosis
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bruise
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nevus
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mole
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urticaria
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hives
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erythema
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redness
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nodule
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a small abnormal knobby growth
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wheal
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flat burning or itching eminence on the skin (caused by hives)
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pallor
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pale
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pruritis, urticaria, rash, blisters, xeroderma, other symptoms
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common signs and symptoms of skin disease
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atopic dermatitis
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chronic inflammation, oozing with crusty rash, needs daily care with emollient; usually in children; genetic disposition along with asthma and allergies
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contact dermitis
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acute or chronic inflammation; caused by the exposure to chemical, mechanical, physical, or biologic agents
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stasis dermatitis
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very dry, this skin with shallow ulcer as a result of venous insufficiency; bad blood flow out of skin; can be caused by diabetes or frostbite
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rosacea
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chronic disorder of middle to older adults; causes papule, pustles, oily skin, and rosy cheeks, nose and chin. Condition increases when the person eats hot or spicy food
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impetigo
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a bacterial infection that can be treated with antibiotics. Small macules develop in vesicles and become pustules; Its contagious and very itchy; usually occurs in kids
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cellulitis
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inflammation of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues; requires intravenous antibiotics or surgical debridment of necrotic tissues; Causes redness, heat, and swelling of skin; spread rapidly
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herpes zoster
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causes shingles, a reaction of chicken pox; follows cranial nerve pathways or posterior nerve roots. Infectious to those who have not had chicken pox
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warts
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viral infection; transmitted via direct contact. To get rid of, they are burned off, surgically removed, or frozen off
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scabies
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highly contagious, mite bores under skin to lay eggs; should wear gown and gloves and have good hand-washing techniques.
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pediculosis
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caused by lice/parasite; transmitted from person to person; Affects all ages, socioeconomic status and personal cleanliness
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assymmetry, border irregular, color varied, diameter
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what are the 4 signs of skin cancer?
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assymmetry
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one half is unlike the other half
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border irregular
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scalloped or poorly circumscribed border
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color varied
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different color from one area to another; shades of tan brown, black; sometimes white, red, blue
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benign, precancerous, malignant
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name the 3 stages of skin cancer
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benign
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mole/skin is waxy, smooth, shiny
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precancerous
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mole/skin is crusty and color varies; caused by years of sun exposure
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basal cell carcinoma
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most common form of skin cancer that is local, slow growing; has a pearly/ivory color; Can be removed by Moh's surgery
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squamous cell carcinoma
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2nd most common form of skin cancer; it has poorly defined margins and 80% of cancer is found on head/neck
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malignant melanoma
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skin cancer that metastasizes and can kill you, it can occur anywhere. By being exposed to the sun your risk increases 7x.
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psoriasis
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chronic inherited, recurrent inflammation; plaques with silvery scale; some treatment includes topical ointment, phototherapy, and immunosuppressants
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systemic sclerosis/scleroderma
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diffuse connective tissue disease causing fibrosis of skin, joints, blood vessels, and internal organs; can causes a decrease in ROM and the skin can get thinner
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edematous, sclerotic, atrophic.
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list the 3 stages of systemic sclerosis
