Chapter 7 Nutrition – Flashcards
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This type of fluid that comprises 2/3 of an adult's body fluid is contained within the walls of the cells.
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Intracellular
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Plasma in the blood is an example of this type of body fluid.
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Intravascular fluid
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This term best describes the minerals (sodium, potassium, chloride and phosphorus) when they are in water as charged particles called ions.
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Electrolytes
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Which of the following statements bests describes a physiological benefit of the high heat capacity of water?
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Its resistant to temperature change helps maintain a stable core temperature
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Cell membranes are freely permeable to electrolytes.
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False
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Water flows in this direction when the electrolyte concentration is higher outside the cell than it is within the cell.
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Out of the cell
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Which of the following mineral salts is critical to generation, transmission and completion of nerve impulses?
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Sodium
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The flow of this mineral in and out of muscle cells makes muscle contraction and relaxation possible.
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Calcium
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This stimulates the thirst mechanism.
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Increased concentration of solutes in the blood
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When you are dehydrated the hypothalamus signals this organ that works to prevent fluid loss and avoid dehydration effects.
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Kidneys
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Which of the following statements about metabolic water is true?
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It is formed as a byproduct of energy production
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What is the water AI (Adequate Intake) for a 40 year old man?
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3.7 L
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Hyponatremia is associated with inadequate blood levels of this mineral.
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Sodium
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Studies show that the caffeine content of coffee causes mild dehydration.
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False
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To regulate fluid balance, this positively charged ion is exchanged across cell membranes with potassium.
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Sodium
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This organ removes excess sodium from the body.
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Kidney
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Unfortunately intake of this mineral that helps you maintain a lower blood pressure is below recommendations for most people living in the U.S.
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Potassium
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This is the primary source of dietary chloride.
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Table Salt
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This mineral found inside cells works with potassium to maintain fluid balance.
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Phosphorus
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Elevated body temperature, sweating, and nausea are symptoms of this type of heat illness.
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Heat Exhaustion
