CHAPTER 7: Blood – Flashcards
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Cord blood is blood produced by _______and filtered by ______.
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Stem cells/ The blood vessels umbilical cord?
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Blood functions to maintain homeostasis in the human body by _____
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The circulatory System (Heart, Blood Vessels, and Blood).
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55% of whole blood is what?
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Plasma, after centrifuged blood sample.
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Albumin proteins in human blood functions to ____
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2/3 of plasma proteins are albumins which primarily serve to maintain the proper water balance between blood and the interstitial fluid.
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What are the components of blood plasma?
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90% of plasma is water, the other percents are proteins like, albumins, globulins and clotting proteins.
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The hormone erythropoietin is released due to low oxygen levels, where is it transports to stimulate red blood cell production?
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The cells cause the kidneys to secrete a hormone called erythropoietin, which is transported to the red bone marrow that stimulates stem cells to produce more red blood cells.
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An increased risk for cardiovascular health problems is associated with?
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"The blood doping", where the excess of read blood cells makes the heart work harder.
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Following severe injury to tissues or a heart attack, the number of circulating white blood cells called monocytes greatly increase in number. Where do these cells come from?
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Monocytes stimulates lymphocytes to defend the body. Both came from Agranular Leukocytes.
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Histamine is released from this type of leukocyte to stimulate the inflammatory response?
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Basophils
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A damaged red blood cell is removed from circulation by?
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Are removed from the circulating blood and destroyed in the liver and spleen by large cells called MACROPHAGES.
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Unlike white blood cells, red blood cells lose their ___________ an _______________ as they mature.
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Nucleus and Organelles.
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Removal of the heme group from hemoglobin would result in?
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Deoxyhemoglobin?
Because it give up all their oxygen.
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When a blood vessel gets damaged, contractions of smooth muscle referred to as _________ help constrict the vessels to reduce blood flow.
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Vascular Spasm.
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A high hematocrit indicates?
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Excessive red blood cells and increase the risk of blood clots. Could be also signal of, "Polycythemia", a disorder of the bone marrow characterized by and overproduction of red blood cells.
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Blood doping, practiced by many athletes involved in the Tour de France as well as other sports, involves the illegal use of drugs to do what?
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To increase their RBC production and thus their blood oxygen carrying capacity.
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As an erythroblast develops into an erythrocyte it?
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Filled hemoglobin and becomes a red blood cells
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Foreign cells that enter our body have unique cell surface proteins, known as _____, which stimulate our body's defense to attack.
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Antigen
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Dead and injured white blood cells are removed from circulation by the?
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By the liver and spleen.
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Which of the following components of blood increase in number in response to the presence of an infectious agent?
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Antibodies, white blood cells
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The inflammatory response is initiated by the release of _____ from basophils.
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Histamine, causing adjacent blood vessels to release blood plasma into the injured area.
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Eosinophils are especially important in defending the human body from infection by?
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Defend the body against large parasites and involves releasing chemicals that moderate the severity of allergic reactions.
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Which of the following types of white blood cells is capable of phagocytosis?
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Eosinophils
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White type of granulocyte gives rise to antibodies?
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Neutrophils
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What hormones regulates the production of platelets?
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Glycoprotein hormone
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What occurs first in the process of hemostasis?
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Vascular Spasm, the blood vessel contracts, reducing blood flow
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What is involved directly in the process of blood clotting?
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Platelets, homestasis
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What age are you allowed to donate blood in the U.S?
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At least 17 years old.
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Know all human blood types and who can donate to whom?
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-Group O, Universal donor.
-Group A, can donate to As and ABs
-Group B, can donate to Bs and ABs
-Group AB, can donate to other ABs.
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A individual is O+ which antigen is on the surface of their red blood cells?
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RH
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Hemolytic disease of the newborn could result from what situations?
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Mom is Rh- , fetus is Rh+
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The Epstein-Barr virus can induce a contagious infection of lymphocytes referred to as?
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Mononucleosis
