Chapter 6 Section 1 Quiz – Flashcards
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Patent
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Licenses that give an inventer the exclusive right to make, use, or sell an invention for a set period of time.
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Productivity
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The amount of goods and services created in a given period of time.
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Transcontinental Railroad
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A railway extending from coast to coast. Completed in 1869 when the Union Pacific Rail and Central Pacific met at a place called Promontory Summit.
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Bessemer Process
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A process for making steel more efficiently.
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Mass Production
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Production of goods on a massive scale.
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Samuel Morse
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Developed Morse Code, worked to improve and perfect the telegraph and sent the first telegraph message in 1844. His success signaled the start of a communication revolution.
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Edwin L. Drake
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In 1858 went to Titusville, Pennsylvania to drill for oil. He struck oil in 1859.
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Thomas Edison
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"Master of Invention" who invented a long lasting, practical lightbulb as well as the first power plant.
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Lewis Latimer
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The son of an escaped slave. He worked in Edison's labs where he developed new advances in electricity.
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George Westinghouse
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In 1885, he began to experiment with alternating current which could be generated cheaply and travel longer distances than direct current. Also used a transformer to boost power levels at a station.
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Alexander Graham Bell
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In 1871, immigrated from Scotland to Boston to teach people with hearing difficulties. Patented the "talking telegraph in 1876. He and several partners set up the American Telephone and Telegraph Company to build long distance telephone lines.
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Henry Bessemer
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In 1856, patented the Bessemer process, which made it much cheaper and easier to remove impurities from iron and creating steel, making mass production possible.
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John A. Roebling
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Designed a suspension bridge with thick steel cables suspended from high towers to hold up the main span. He is known for the development of the Brooklyn Bridge.
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Why did the nation's industrial productivity rise in the late 1800s?
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Due to new technology, the increase in inventions, and the investments to fund them.
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How did inventions such as the light bulb and the telegraph change daily life in the late 1800s?
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They extended the usable hours of the day, allowed for efficient long-distance communication, and made possible the creation of entirely new industries.
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What were the advantages of building the transcontinental railroad?
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A faster and more practical means of transporting goods, lower costs of production, creation of national markets, and a model for big business.
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What innovations did the Bessemer Process encourage?
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Mass production of steel, large suspension bridges, steel frame construction in buildings. It allowed impurities to be removed cheaply and easily, enabling steel to be produced in mass quantities.
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What was the Chicago Reliance Building? How did various technologies combine to make skyscrapers possible?
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The Chicago Reliance Building was a 16 story high skyscraper" of the 1890s. The Bessemer Process made possible the mass production of steel, which made steel cheap and easy to use for the construction of new buildings and bridges. Electricity aided the development of elevators.
