Chapter 6 – Space Terms – Flashcards
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Light Microscope (LM)
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An optical instrument with lenses that refract (bend) visible light to magnify images of specimens
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Electron Microscope (EM)
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A microscope that focuses an electron beam through a specimen, resulting in resolving power a thousandfold greater than that of a light microscope
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Transmission Microscope (TEM)
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study the internal structure of thin sections of cells. Finnest resolution
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Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
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used to study the fine details of cell surfaces
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Surface area to volume
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Ratio of a cell's outside area to its internal volume.
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Endosymbiont Theory
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Explains that eukaryotic cells may have evolved from prokaryotic cells
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What does Chloroplast consist of?
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intermembrane space, storma, thylakoid space
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Whats the formula for Peroxisome?
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(H202)
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"9+2"
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9 doublets of microtubules with 2 in the center
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"9+0"
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9 doublets of microtubules without the two in the center
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How many cell walls do a cell have?
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2
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Is chloroplasts a part of the endomembrane system?
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No
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What is the process of transport?
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ER...Golgi...Vesicles
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What is the major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
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Where the DNA is located -- Prokaryotic it is in the nucleoid and Euk. it is in the nucleus
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Free ribosomes
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Ribosomes kept in the Cytoplasm
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Bound Ribosomes
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ribosomes that are attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum; make protein
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Whats transcription?
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RNA from DNA
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Whats translation?
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Protein from RNA
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How do you know what a cell is?
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Whether the cell is partitioned by internal membranes = prokaryotic or eukaryotic
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What does Smooth ER do?
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lipid synthesis, poison detoxification, calcium ion storage
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What do Rough ER do?
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protein synthesis
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What does the Golgi Apparatus do?
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cisternal maturation, protein mod. and storage
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What does Lysosomes do?
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autophagy, macromolecule digestion
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What is the path a secretory protein follows from synthesis to secretion?
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ER...cis Golgi...medial golgi...trans golgi...plasma
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What does prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common?
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ribosomes,plasma membrane,flagella
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Whats common about a plant and animal cell?
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mitochondria,ER,gogli,cytoskelton,nucleus,plasma membrane
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What is the main reason for the size limit?
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SA for support
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What takes up most of the volume in a plant?
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Vacuole
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ATP
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(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
