Chapter 54 – Flashcards
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Species Richness
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Number of different species (increase as we move south from the north pole)
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Batesian Mimicry
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Monarch butterfly has a sister butterfly woth the same wing pattern but they taste worst so predators know not to eat them
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Why do tropical communities tend to have greater diversity?
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Tropical communities are older than other communities
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Nonequilibroum model suggests
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Communities are constantly changing after being i fluenced by disturbances
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There are more species in tropical areas than in places more distant from the equator thanks to
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More intense annual solar radiation
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Stability
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Used to describe the abiloty of a community either to resist chnage or to recover to its original state after change
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What best describes resource partitioning?
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Slight variations in niche that allow similar species to coexhist
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Based on the intermediate disturbance hypothesis a communities species doversity is increased bu
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Moderate levels of disturbances produced the most diversity
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Principle of competative exclusion says
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Even a slight reprodcutive advantage will eventually lead to the elimination of the less well adapted of two competing species
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Species richness would be greatest on an island that is
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Large and close to a mainland
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Two species cant continue to occupy the same
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Niche-competative exclusion
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Facilitation
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When one organism makes the enviornemnt more suitable for another organism
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Feeding relationship amoung the species in a community determine the communities
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Trophic stucture
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Evapotranspiration
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Richness increases with climate warmmer wetter and higher productivity think mold grows better in moost warm places
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Why are food chains short?
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Longer chains are less stable and energy transfer between levels is inefficient
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Keystone species can maintain species diversity if they
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Prey on the communities dominatnt species
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Resource partioning would be most likely to occur between
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Sympatric popularions of species with similar ecological niches
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Evaporation is a true relfection if
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Solar radiation temperature and water avaliability
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Why do moderate levels of disturbances result in an increase in community diversity?
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Habitats are opened up for less competatve species
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What is the evolutionary significane of mutualism?
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Interaction increases the survival and reproductive rates of muttualistic species
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Food chains are sometimes short because
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Most of the energy in a trophic level is lost as it passes to the next higer level
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The energetic hypothesis and dynamic stabiloty hypothesis are ideas that attempt to explain
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The length of food chains
