question

Mesoderm Gives rise to muscle, bone, and blood.

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True

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Columnar Cells Cells lining the small intestine that show a brush border of microvilli in the apical surface.

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True

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Nonkeratinized cells exfoliate from the surface of the skin

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False

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The clear gel that usually surrounds cells is called interstitial fluid

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True

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Fibrocartilage is found in intervertebral discs

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True

question

Smooth and cardiac muscle are under involuntary control

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True

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Blood consists of cells and a ground substance made of formed elements

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False

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Plasma cells produce the ground substance that forms the matrix of connective tissues.

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False

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Excitable cells respond to outside stimuli by means of changes in plasma membrane shape

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False

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The secretory product of a gland is produced by its parenchyma, not its stroma

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True

question

Scar Tissue Helps hold an organ together but does not restore normal function.

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True

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The four primary tissue types found in adult organs include all of the following except

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fibrous

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The _______________ gives rise to the _______________.

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ectoderm; nervous system and epidermis

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The clear gel inside a cell is called

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cytosol

question

A thin, stained slice of tissue mounted on a microscope is called a

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Histological Section

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This image shows a

answer

longitudinal section

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_______________ lines body cavities, covers the body surface, and forms the lining of many organs.

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Epithelial tissue

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An epithelium with all cells tall and narrow and with every cell touching the basement membrane is called ________________ .

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simple columnar

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The basement membrane is found between

answer

epithelium and connective tissue.

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______________ epithelium allows for rapid diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs.

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Simple squamous

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Most kidney tubules are made of this tissue specialized for absorption and secretion

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simple cuboidal epithelium

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________________ epithelium is the most widespread epithelium in the body, whereas _______________ epithelium is rare.

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Stratified squamous; stratified columnar

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Epidermis, Inner lining of digestive tract, liver and other organs. Composed of layers of closely spaced cells. Thin extracellular material so thin not visible with a light microscope. No blood vessels. Lie on a loose connective tissue layer and depend on its blood vessels for nourishment and waste removal.

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Eplithelial Tissue Location and Apperance

question

epithelium and connective tissue.

answer

The basement membrane is found between

question

______________ epithelium allows for rapid diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs.

answer

Simple Squamous

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_____________ cells in simple columnar and pseudostratified columnar epithelia produce protective mucous coatings over the mucous membranes

answer

Goblet

question

A brush border of microvilli belongs to _______________ epithelium found in the ______________.

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simple columnar; small intestine

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All cells in this tissue reach the basement membrane and only cells that reach the free surface have cilia

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pseudostratified columnar

question

___________ cells in simple columnar and pseudostratified columnar epithelia produce protective mucous coatings over the mucous membranes

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Goblet

question

A brush border of microvilli belongs to _______________ epithelium found in the ______________.

answer

simple columnar; small intestine

question

All cells in this tissue reach the basement membrane and only cells that reach the free surface have cilia

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Pseudostratified Columnar

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__________________ epithelium found in the bladder resembles ______________ epithelium, but the apical cells are rounded, not flattened.

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Transitional; stratified squamous

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_______________ epithelium provides a moist and slippery surface and is well suited to resist stress, as in the ________________.

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Nonkeratinized; vagina

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__________________ epithelium is associated with rapid transport of substances through a membrane, whereas __________________ epithelium is associated with resistance to abrasion.

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Simple squamous; stratified squamous

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These features are common to all connective tissues except

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interstital fluid is so scarce that it is not visible with a light microscope.

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__________________ tissue is highly vascular, whereas _______________ is not.

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Areolar; cartilage

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These are features that fibrous connective tissues have in commone except

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a calcified matrix

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the shape of a person's external ear is given by

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Elastic Cartilage

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These are all types of fibrous connective tissues except

answer

hyaline cartilage

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New triglycerides are constantly synthesized and stored and other are hydolyzed and released into circulation mostly from cells in

answer

Adipose tissue

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__________________ secrete the cartilage rubbery matrix, whereas ________________ produce the fibers and ground substance that form the matrix of fibrous connective tissue

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Chondroblasts; fibroblasts

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Marfan syndrome is a hereditary defect in elastin fibers. People with this syndrome have

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Hyperextensible joints

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All these substances account for the gelatinous consistency of connective tissue ground substance except

answer

collagen

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Collagenous fibers are very abundant in

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tendons, ligament and the deeper portion of the skin

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Fibroblasts and protein fibers are associated with both

answer

dense regular and dense irregular connective tissues

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Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) help give the ground substance some of its qualities such as

answer

holding water and maintaining electrolyte balance

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__________________ is found in the heart, and one of its functions is to __________________.

answer

Blood; transport nutrients to the tissues

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______________ exhibits a lot of apparently empty space, and is found in many serous membranes.

answer

Areolar tissue

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__________________ tissues respond quickly to outside stimuli by means of changes in membrane potential, thus they are called __________________ tissues

answer

Muscular and nervous; excitable

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Nervous tissue consists predominantly of two cell types, neurons and

answer

neuroglia

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Astronauts in zero gravity are able to move food through their digestive tracts because

answer

smooth muscle produces waves of contractions that propel material through the digestive tract

question

Skeletal muscle is described as

answer

striated and voluntary.

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A connective tissue fiber refers to a(n) __________________, a nerve fiber refers to a(n) ____________________, and a muscle fiber refers to a(n) _______.

answer

*E. complex of macromolecules; part of a cell; entire cell

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In the intestine, __________________ ensure(s) that most digested nutrients pass through the epithelial cells and not between them.

answer

tight junctions

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__________________ secrete __________________ into __________________.

answer

Endocrine glands; hormones; the blood

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__________________ glands secrete mucin, which combines with water and form a thick and sticky product, whereas __________________ glands produce a relatively watery fluid

answer

Mucous; serous

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__________________ secrete __________________ into __________________.

answer

Endocrine glands; hormones; the blood

question

In the intestine, __________________ ensure(s) that most digested nutrients pass through the epithelial cells and not between them.

answer

tight junctions

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__________________ glands have branched ducts and secretory cells that form sacs at one end of the ducts.

answer

Compound acinar glands

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This membrane lines passageways that open to the exterior environment.

answer

mucous membrane (mucosa)

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After six months of lifting weights at the gym you notice that some of your muscles have increased in size. This increase in size is due to _______ of muscle cells.

answer

hypertrophy

question

This primary germ layer is the middle layer, called ______, and gives rise to a gelatinous material called ________________, which gives rise to different types of connective tissue such as bone, muscle, and blood.

answer

mesoderm; mesenchyme

question

Most biologists see embryonic stem (ES) cells as a possible treatment for diseases that result from the loss of functional cells. This possibility is based on the fact that ES cells are _______________ stem

answer

totipotent

question

The pseudostratified columnar epithelium of the bronchi in smokers may transform into stratified squamous epithelium. This exemplifies

answer

metaplasia

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Macrophages __________________ in the healing of a skin wound.

answer

phagocytize and digest tissue debris

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It is normal for breasts to shrink after lactation ceases. This is a consequence of __________________ in human breast cells.

answer

apoptosis

question

The replacement of damaged tissue with scar tissue is called

answer

fibrosis

question

The four primary tissue types found in adult organs include all of the following except

answer

fibrous

question

The _______________ gives rise to the _______________.

answer

ectoderm; nervous system and epidermis

question

The clear gel inside a cell is called

answer

cytosol

question

An epithelium with all cells tall and narrow and with every cell touching the basement membrane is called ________________

answer

simple columnar

question

________________ epithelium is the most widespread epithelium in the body, whereas _______________ epithelium is rare.

answer

Stratified squamous; stratified columnar

question

__________________ glands (such as tear glands) have vesicles that release their secretion by exocytosis, whereas __________________ glands (such as oil-producing glands) secrete a mixture of disintegrated cells and their products

answer

Merocrine; holocrine

question

The membrane that lines digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive tracts consists of

answer

epithelium and lamina propria

question

Dendrites in a neuron send outgoing signals to other cells.

answer

False

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