CHAPTER 5-9 – Flashcards
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People with one anxiety disorder are most likely to:
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experience another anxiety disorder, too
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according to Freud, children who are prevented from expressing id impulses-making mud pies, playing war, and exploring genitals-are at risk for developing:
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neurotic anxiety
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Cognitive therapists believe that generalized anxiety disorder is induced by:
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maladaptive assumptions
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Which is an example of a meta-worry?
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worrying about worrying
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GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter believed to be involved in reducing the excitability of neurons in the brain, has been implicated in the etiology of:
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generalized anxiety disorder
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A person wonders whether to try relaxation training or biofeedback to reduce anxiety. Based on present research, the BEST answer is:
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to try either one because they're equally effective
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Agoraphobia is the fear of:
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being left alone and trapped
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"Among our ancestors, those who feared animals, darkness, and heights were more likely to survive long enough to reproduce." The person who believes this espouses the ___ explanation of phobias.
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EVOLUTIONARY
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Which disorder is NOT experienced by more women than men?
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Antisocial personality disorder
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The phobia MOST often associated with panic disorder is:
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Agoraphobia
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People who experience obsessions show:
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thoughts that are intrusive and foreign
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A person who copes well with a happy event in life is showing a positive:
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stress response
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The part of the body that releases hormones into the bloodstream is the __ system.
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endocrine
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Norepinephrine is to __ as corticosteroid is to __.
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sympathetic pathway; hypothalamic-pituitary adrental pathway
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Posttraumatic stress disorders:
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last longer than a month
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People with low incomes are __ as likely as people with higher incomes to experience one of the stress disorders.
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twice
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In which racial group is a woman's risk of being raped the greatest, relative to the group's
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racial groups
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Kelly was in a passenger plane that had engine trouble. She watched as all four engines quit, one at a time. Then the plane exploded and she was thrown 5000 feet in the air. It was a miracle that she survived, although she was severely injured. She landed in a thick pine forest covered with 10 feet or more of snow. When she regained consciousness several weeks later, she had a stress reaction that lasted for years, and she could never fly again. The factor that probably MOST contributed to her extreme posttraumatic stress reaction was:
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The severity of the trauma
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"The therapist wants me to imagine scenes where I was in combat and imagine them like I was there. I don't want to do that! How can this possibly help me?" Which is the BEST answer you can give to a combat veteran who says this?
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Your therapist is suggesting an effective form of exposure called 'flooding.
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Dissociative fugues usually:
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follow a stressful event
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In the past dissociative identity disorder was most likely "misdiagnosed" as:
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schizophrenia
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A visual image that is retained so vividly that one can continue to scan it for more information is called:
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an eidetic image
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A state of breathless euphoria, or frenzied energy, in which individuals have an exaggerated belief in the power describes:
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mania
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In the United States, the prevalence or unipolar depression in boys is:
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the same as it is for girls, but the prevalence for men is lower than it is for women
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Which is a physical symptom of depression?
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sleeping poorly
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Which statement is true for women experiencing postpartum depression regarding psychotherapy for depression?
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a woman with a family history of mood disorders is at greater risk for developing postpartum depression
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A person suspected of having unipolar depression has a smaller-than-normal hippocampus, although it produces a normal number of new neurons. This is:
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unusual; those with unipolar depression usually have a smaller-than-normal hippocampus, causing it to produce a low number of new neurons
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According to Freudian theory, depression results in part from:
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regression to the oral stage
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Cognitive theorists explain depression results in part from:
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negative beliefs about how things work in the world
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The person associated with the learned helplessness theory of depression is:
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Seligman
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In the United States, the highest depression rate is found in:
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divorced people
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Which is an accurate description of the symptoms of mania?
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They don't include a sense of the impact of one's actions on others
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Bipolar disorders have recently been linked to:
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improper sodium transport
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Which is an example of an aspect of psychodynamic therapy for depression?
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A therapist questions a client about losses she may have suffered in her past
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Free association, interpretation of associations, and dream interpretation are all techniques used primarily by:
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Psychodynamic therapists
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Which is NOT a part of Beck's cognitive therapy for unipolar depression?
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discussion with family members about their maladaptive thoughts
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Which is the BEST example of interpersonal role transition?
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going away to college for the first time
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Interpersonal psychotherapists believe that therapy must address:
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developing social skills to elicit reinforcement from others
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When is couple therapy preferable to individual therapy?
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when relationship conflicts and role transitions are paramount
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One of the side effects of ECT is:
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short-term memory loss
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ECT has changed over the years. Patients given this treatment now may receive:
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anesthetics
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MAO inhibitors work by
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blocking the actions of the enzyme mao and used in treating major depression and parkinson's disease
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Apparently tricyclics work by:
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blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin.
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Second-generation antidepressants:
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target different systems abupropion (wellbutrin and zyban)
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Which is an example of malingering?
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Intentionally faking a tic in order to avoid military service
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Which statement is true factitious disorders?
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Malingerers are trying to achieve some external gain by faking illness
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Munchausen syndrome is a:
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factitious disorder
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Conversion disorders are more common in:
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women and girls
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Somatic symptom disorders differ from conversion disorders in that:
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conversion disorders usually last less time
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Freud believed that "hysterical" symptoms:
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enabled people to avoid unpleasant emotional conflicts
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Who is MOST likely to experience a psychophysiological disorder?
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women
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A bacterium and a virus are examples of:
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pathogens
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Theresa has hypertension. Which is MOST likely to be recommended as a treatment for her?
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relaxation training
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Western health care professionals have only recently become aware of the effectiveness of ___ in relieving physical distress.
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meditation
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Stress-related writing has been found to be beneficial for patients with either HIV or cancer. This is an example of the effectiveness of:
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emotion expression
