Chapter 4 Sociology MDCC – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
The typical patterns of a group, such as its usual relationships between men and women or students and teachers, are referred to as ________.
answer
social structure
question
Which of the following represents an achieved status? A.) being a high school drop-out B.) acting like your mother when she was your age C.) having a prescribed sex (male or female) D.) knowing your particular ethnic descent
answer
being a high school drop-out
question
Based on Durkheim's classification of society, the Old Order Amish would fall into which category?
answer
mechanical solidarity
question
A focus on the broad features of society to analyze such things as social class and how groups relate to one another is called ________.
answer
macrosociology
question
What are the three primary variables in determining one's social class?
answer
income, education, occupational prestige
question
What term does Durkheim use to describe the degree to which members of a society are united by shared values and other social bonds?
answer
social integration
question
Expectations that define appropriate or inappropriate behavior for the occupant of a status are called ________.
answer
roles
question
Which statement regarding status is most accurate?
answer
Status provides the guidelines for how we are to act and feel.
question
The difference between status and role is that ________.
answer
we occupy a status that is a social position, but we play a role that is a social expectation
question
Which sociological perspective is most closely linked to microsociology?
answer
symbolic interactionism
question
The organized, usual, or standard ways by which society meets its basic needs are referred to as ________.
answer
social institutions
question
Hilda is studying at the library. She has placed her coat on the chair next to her and has spread books in front of the other chairs. Hilda is trying to extend her ________ so others do not invade it.
answer
personal space
question
Bumper stickers such as "Proud Parent of an Honor Student" and "Warning: This Driver Convicted of DUI" are best described as being ________.
answer
status symbols
question
The anthropologist recognized for his work on personal space was ________.
answer
Edward Hall
question
Jane is a 49-year-old woman of Irish-German descent. What do these characteristics have in common?
answer
These are examples of her ascribed statuses.
question
In what three states do 75 percent of the Old Order Amish live?
answer
Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana
question
What two sociological perspectives are most linked to macrosociology?
answer
functionalism and the conflict perspective
question
Signs that identify a position in society that someone occupies are referred to as ________.
answer
status symbols
question
Facial expressions, posture, and gestures are all examples of ________.
answer
body language
question
According to Durkheim, when a society increases in size, its division of labor becomes more specialized. People begin to depend upon one another and become interdependent. This form of social cohesion was a concept that he termed ________.
answer
organic solidarity
question
The presentation of self in everyday life, also called dramaturgy, was developed by ________.
answer
Erving Goffman
question
Leo, Ryan, and Matthew regularly interact with one another and share similar values, norms, and expectations. In view of this, which concept most applies to their relationship? A.) They are an aggregate. B.) They are a category. C.) They are a group. D.) They are a social institution.
answer
They are a group.
question
Andrea is an aspiring associate editor for a major publisher. She is single but feels married to her work. Last year she received a $20,000 bonus for the excellent work she did in promoting new textbooks published by her employer. Based on this information, Andrea's ascribed status is ________ and her achieved status is ________. A.) female; married B.) bonus recipient; associate editor C.) married; bonus recipient D.) female; associate editor
answer
female; associate editor
question
A position in society that cuts across other statuses a person holds, such as being a high-ranking Army officer, a college president, or a handicapped Olympian, would be considered that person's ________.
answer
master status
question
Expectations that guide our behavior are called ________.
answer
norms
