Question 1

Dr. Birkin\'s major research interest is the development of motor skills in children. It is most likely that Dr. Birkin is a ________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

developmental

Question 2

A belief that adult personality is completely determined in early childhood would be most relevant to the issue of

Accepted Answer

stability and change

Question 3

Distinguishing between very gradual and very abrupt developmental changes over the life span is most central to the major issue of

Accepted Answer

continuity and stages

Question 4

Efforts to identify the interactive influences of inherited personality traits and culturally prescribed educational practices on the intellectual development of children is most central to the major issue of

Accepted Answer

nature and nurture

Question 5

Psychologists who view the developmental process as a sequence of distinct stages generally believe that ________ is (are) the same for everyone.

Accepted Answer

the order but not the timing of the stages

Question 6

Human females begin forming all the eggs they will ever have during

Accepted Answer

prenatal development

Question 7

Human sperm cells ________ than egg cells.

Accepted Answer

are smaller

Question 8

During a routine prenatal exam, Janet\'s obstetrician detected the heartbeat of her future baby. The earliest possible period of development medically indicated at this point would be the ________ period.

Accepted Answer

embryonic

Question 9

Melissa suffered a severe viral infection during her fourth month of pregnancy that caused her baby to be born with an abnormal heart valve. In this instance, the virus was clearly a(n)

Accepted Answer

teratogen

Question 10

With repeated presentations of a bright red toy, 2-month-old Anita began to respond with less visual attention to the toy. Her decreasing responsiveness best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Habituation

Question 11

Maturation is to education as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

nature; nurture

Question 12

When 10-year-old children repeatedly practice the precise motor skills involved in texting, the cortical areas directly controlling these motor skills are likely to develop more complex

Accepted Answer

neural networks

Question 13

A critical period is a period of time during which

Accepted Answer

exposure to certain experiences is needed for normal development

Question 14

Infant motor development is typically characterized by individual differences in ________ of the major developmental milestones.

Accepted Answer

the age-related timing but not the sequence

Question 15

Four-year-old Karen can\'t remember anything of the first few months of her life. This is best explained by the fact that

Accepted Answer

the hippocampus and frontal lobes are immature during early infancy

Question 16

Piaget was convinced that the mind of a child

Accepted Answer

develops through a series of stages

Question 17

The first time that 4-year-old Sarah saw her older brother play a flute, she thought it was simply a large whistle. Sarah\'s initial understanding of the flute best illustrates the process of

Accepted Answer

assimilation

Question 18

Incorporating new information into existing theories is to ________ as modifying existing theories in light of new information is to ________.

Accepted Answer

assimilatiion; accommodation

Question 19

According to Piaget, accommodation refers to

Accepted Answer

adjusting current schemas in order to make sense of new experiences

Question 20

According to Piaget, a person develops an awareness that things continue to exist even when they are not perceived during the ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

sensorimotor

Question 21

When researched Karen Wynn showed 5-month-old infants a numerically impossible income, the infants

Accepted Answer

stared longer at the outcome

Question 22

Mrs. Pearson cut Judy\'s hot dog into eight pieces and Sylvia\'s into six pieces. Sylvia cried because she felt she wasn\'t getting as much hot dog as Judy. Piaget would say that Sylvia doesn\'t understand the principle of

Accepted Answer

conservation

Question 23

Incorrectly assuming that something that is clearly understood by us will also be clearly understood by others illustrates

Accepted Answer

the curse of knowledge

Question 24

If Piaget pictured the developing child as a young ________, Vygotsky pictured the developing child as a young ________.

Accepted Answer

scientist; apprentice

Question 25

Recognizing whether someone\'s facial expression is a happy smile or a self-satisfied smirk is especially difficult for those with

Accepted Answer

autism spectrum disorder

Question 26

The process of imprinting involves the formation of a(n)

Accepted Answer

attachment

Question 27

Unlike ducklings, children do not imprint. Their fondness for certain people, however, is fostered by

Accepted Answer

mere exposure

Question 28

In a pleasant but unfamiliar setting, infants with a secure maternal attachment are most likely to

Accepted Answer

use their mothers as a base from which to explore the new surroundings

Question 29

Two-year-old Anna perceives her parents as cold and rejecting. This is most indicative of

Accepted Answer

insecure attachment

Question 30

Nature is to nurture as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

temperament; responsive parenting

Question 31

Some individuals constantly crave acceptance in romantic relationships but remain highly vigilant and sensitive to any signs of possible rejection. These people are said to demonstrate an insecure

Accepted Answer

anxious attachment style

Question 32

Two characteristics of authoritarian parents are that they

Accepted Answer

impose rules and expect obedience

Question 33

At age 12, Sean is happy, self-reliant, and has a positive self-image. It is most likely that Sean\'s parents are

Accepted Answer

authoritative

Question 34

Compared with many Asian and African parents, today\'s Westernized parents are more likely to teach their children to value

Accepted Answer

independence

Question 35

As teens mature, the growth of myelin facilitates

Accepted Answer

communication between the frontal lobes and other brain regions

Question 36

The corrupt behavior of many ordinary people who served as Nazi concentration camp guards best illustrates that immortality often results from

Accepted Answer

social influence

Question 37

An awareness of your distinctive status as an international student in a university far from your homeland best illustrates a sense of

Accepted Answer

social identity

Question 38

Teens who smoke typically have friends who smoke. To avoid overestimating the impact of peer pressure on teen\'s smoking habits, it would make most sense to consider the importance of

Accepted Answer

a selection effect

Question 39

Lewis is a 70-year-old retired college professor. In contrast to when he was 30, he now probably

Accepted Answer

does not hear at all

Question 40

In late adulthood, Mr. Klondike has become increasingly likely to make socially impolite remarks about other people\'s appearance or mannerisms. His blunt comments are most likely to indicated late life shrinkage of the ________ lobes.

Accepted Answer

frontal

Question 41

Most 20-year-olds outperform most 70-year-olds on video games due to age-related differences in

Accepted Answer

information-processing speed

Question 42

When asked to recall the one or two most important events over the last half-century, older adults tend to name events that occurred when they were in their

Accepted Answer

teens or twenties

Question 43

After living together for a year without any long-term commitment to their relationship, Sylvia and Yefim have decided to marry. Research on premarital cohabitation most strongly suggests that

Accepted Answer

their marriage will have a higher-than average probability of ending in divorce

Question 44

During the time following the death of a love one

Accepted Answer

Those who express the strongest grief immediately do not purge their grief more quickly

Question 45

Professor Kuilema compared the moral intuitions of one group of children, a second group of adolescents, and a third group of adults by assessing their reactions to a variety of moral dilemmas. Professor Kuilema conducted a ________ study.

Accepted Answer

cross-sectional

Question 46

According to Kohlberg, morality based on the avoidance of punishment and the attainment of concrete rewards represents ________ morality

Accepted Answer

preconventional

Question 47

a child\'s temperament is likely to be

Accepted Answer

stable over time

Question 48

Miguel, the youngest child of a high school athletic director, was able to roll over at 3 months, crawl at 6 months, and walk at 12 months. This ordered sequence of motor development was largely due to

Accepted Answer

maturation

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