Chapter 3: Water and the Fitness of the Environment – Flashcards

Each water molecule is joined to _____ other water molecules by ____ bonds.

The unequal sharing of electrons within a water molecule makes the water molecule _____.

The electrons spend more time with the oxygen of the water molecule than with the hydrogens of water. Thus, the oxygen has a net _________ charge and the hydrogens have a net __________ charge.

The tendency of an atom to pull electrons toward itself is referred to as its _____.

In this molecule, what type of bond is found between the oxygen and hydrogens?

What type of bonds are weaker than covalent bonds because they do not involve sharing of electrons, and are weaker than ionic bonds because they involve the attraction of partial (not full) opposite charges?

Why isn't this insect drowning?

What process is illustrated by this animation?

What name is given to this molecule?

A water molecule that gains a hydrogen becomes what kind of ion?

How did this molecule form?

This molecule was formed by the transfer of a hydrogen ion from one water molecule to another.

What name is given to this molecule?

A water molecule that loses a hydrogen ion is referred to as a what?

This animation illustrates the _____ of water.

The transfer of a hydrogen atom from one water molecule to another is referred to as what?

Which of these is the correct equation for the dissociation of water? A) H2O + H2O <==> H3O+ + OH- B) H2O <==> H+ + OH- C) H2O + H2O+<==> H2O + OH- D) H2O + OH-<==> H2O+ E) H+<==> H2O + H2O+

What is the charge on a hydronium ion?

The formation of what ion results in the gain of 1 more proton than electron?

What is the charge on a hydroxide ion?

A hydroxide ion is formed when a water molecule ______ a hydrogen ion.

About _____ molecules in a glass of water are dissociated. A) 1 in 500,000,000 B) 1 in 1,000,000 C) 1 in 1,000,000,000 D) 1 in 2 E) 1 in 5,000,000

Water molecules clinging to the side of a beaker is an example of?

Water molecules clinging to plant cell walls is an example of?

Water molecules attracted to each other is an example of?

A water drop spilled on a table forms a drop on the table rather than spreading out over the surface is an example of?

A water strider runs across a pond without breaking the surface. This is an example of what?

A sewing needle floats when it is placed gently on top of water in a bucket

Amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for one gram of a substance to change its temperature by 1 degree Celsius

(T/F) More heat is required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 ∘C than to raise the temperature of 1 g of ethyl alcohol 1 ∘C.

(T/F) More heat is required to raise the temperature of 1 g of benzene 1 ∘C than to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 ∘C.

In a _______ solution the concentration of hydrogen ions is equal to the concentration of hydroxide ions

How does the pH of the solution on the right compare with that of the solution on the left?

The smaller the hydrogen ion concentration, the ________ the pH is.

The larger the hydrogen ion concentration is, the _______ the pH is.

Substances that minimize changes in hydrogen ion concentration. They work by absorbing hydrogen ions when they are in excess and adding hydrogen ions, when they are depleted.