Chapter 3 – Chemistry Test Questions – Flashcards
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| What is true of the Group 8A elements? |
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| They are chemically nonreactive under all, but extreme conditions, meaning that the atoms of these gases are highly stable. |
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| What group are chemically nonreactive under all but extreme conditions, meaning that these atoms are highly stable. |
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| The Noble Gases (Group 8A) |
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| What is the octet rule? |
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| Atoms react with other atoms to obtain eight electrons in their outer shell. |
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| What is an ion? |
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| An atom with a charge due to an unequal number of protons and electrons. |
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| What is an anion? |
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| An ion with a net negative charge; formed when an atom gains electrons. |
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| What does isoelectronic mean? |
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| Having the same number of electrons. |
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| What is a cation? |
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| An ion with a net positive charge, formed when an atom gives up electrons. |
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| What is a polyatomic ion? |
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| A group of atoms that interact to form an ion. |
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| How do you name a simple ion like sodium? |
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| Sodium ion. |
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| How do you name a transition metal like (Fe^2+) |
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| Iron (II) ion. |
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| How do you name an ion of a nonmetal like florine? |
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| Floride. |
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| When is the -ite ending used for polyatomic ions? |
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| When related ions have one less oxygen atom. |
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| What is an ionic bond? |
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| The strong attraction between an anion and a cation. |
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| What is an ionic compound. |
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| The result of two or more ions attracted by ionic bonds to forma new electrically neutral species. |
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| What is a covalent bond? |
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| The result of atoms sharing electrons in order to achieve an octet in their valence shells. |
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| What happens to the electrons in a covalent bond? |
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| They are shared. |
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| What is a covalent compound? |
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| A type of compound made up of atoms held together by covalent bonds. |
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| What is a molecule? |
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| The smallest unit of a covalent compound; formed when two or more nonmetal atoms are joined by covalent bonds. |
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| What is a bonding pair? |
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| A pair of electrons shared by two atoms to form a covalent bond. |
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| What is a pair of electrons shared by two atoms to form a covalent bond? |
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| A bonding pair. |
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| What is a lone pair? |
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| A pair of electrons belonging to only one atom. (also called a nonbonded pair) |
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| What is a pair of electrons that belong to only one atom? |
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| A lone pair (nonbonded pair) |
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| What is a molecular formula? |
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| The chemical formula of a molecular compound that represents all atoms in a molecule. |
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| What is the Lewis Structure?: |
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| A chemical formula used for covalent compounds to show the number, type, and connectivity of atoms in a molecule. |
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| What are binary compounds? |
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| Covalent compounds that are composed of only two elements. |
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| What are covalent compounds that are composed of only two elements. |
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| Binary compounds. |
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| Name the greek prefixes. |
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| mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta |
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| What are the two exceptions for the rules for naming binary covalent compounds? |
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| H2O as water and NH3 as ammonia. |
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| What is hydrioxide? |
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| OH - |
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| What is OH-? |
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| Hydroxide. |
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| What is ammonium? |
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| NH4 + |
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| What is NH4 +? |
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| Ammonium. |
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| What is nitrate? |
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| NO3 - |
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| What is NO3 -? |
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| Nitrate. |
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| What is NO2 -? |
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| Nitrite. |
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| What is nitrite? |
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| NO2 - |
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| What is chlorate? |
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| ClO3 - |
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| What is ClO3 -? |
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| Chlorate. |
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| What is ClO2 -? |
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| Chlorite. |
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| What is chlorite? |
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| ClO2 - |
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| What is carbonate? |
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| CO3 2- |
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| What is CO3 2-? |
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| Carbonate |
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| What is HCO3 -? |
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| Hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate) |
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| What is hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate)? |
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| HCO3 - |
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| What is Cyanide? |
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| CN - |
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| What is CN -? |
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| Cynanide. |
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| What is C2H3O2 -? |
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| Acetate. |
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| What is Acetate? |
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| C2H3O2 - |
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| What is Sulfate? |
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| SO4 2- |
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| What is SO4 2-? |
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| Sulfate. |
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| What is HSO4 -? |
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| Hydrogen sulfate (bisulfate) |
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| What is hydrogen sulfate (bisulfate)? |
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| HSO4 - |
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| What is sulfite? |
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| SO3 2- |
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| What is SO3 2-? |
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| Sulfite |
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| What is HSO3 -? |
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| Hydrogen sulfite (bisulfite) |
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| What is Hydrogen sulfite (bisulfite)? |
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| HSO3 - |
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| What is PO4 3-? |
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| Phosphate |
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| What is phosphate? |
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| PO4 3- |
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| What is HPO4 2-? |
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| Hydrogen phosphate |
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| What is hydrogen phosphate? |
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| HPO4 2- |
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| What is Dihydrogen phosphate? |
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| H2PO4 - |
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| What is H2PO4 -? |
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| Dihydrogen Phosphate. |
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| What is PO3 3-? |
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| Phosphite. |
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| What is Phosphite? |
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| PO3 3- |
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| What is a combustion reaction? |
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| A reaction with Oxygen |
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| What is a single replacement reaction? |
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| When one atom replaced another atom in a second compound. |
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| What are the possible Chromium ions? |
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| 2 and 3 |
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| What are the possible Iron ions? |
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| 2 and 3 |
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| What are the possible Copper ions? |
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| 1 and 2 |
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| What are the possible Zn ions? |
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| 2 |
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| What are the possible Silver ions? |
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| 1 |
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| What are the possible Cadmium ions? |
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| 2 |
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| What are the possible Gold ions? |
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| 1 and 3 |
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| What are the possible Tin ions? |
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| 2 and 4 |
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| What are the possible Lead ions? |
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| 2 and 4 |
