question

(True/False) The progressive movement believed that social and economic problems should be solved at the community level without involvement by the federal government.

answer

False

question

(True/False) Muckraking journalists, social-gospel ministers, and women reformers all aroused Americans' concern about economic and social problems.

answer

True

question

(True/False) Early twentieth-century progressivism found its home almost entirely in the Republican party.

answer

False

question

(True/False) Many female progressives saw the task of improving life in factories and slums as an extension of their traditional roles as wives and mothers.

answer

True

question

(True/False) President Theodore Roosevelt ended the anthracite coal strike by threatening to use federal troops to break the miners' union.

answer

False

question

(True/False) Some progressive reforms such as the municipal ownership of utilities were modeled on the admired practices of contemporary German cities.

answer

True

question

(True/False) Roosevelt believed that all the monopolistic corporate trusts should be broken up so that competition could be restored among smaller businesses.

answer

False

question

(True/False) Upton Sinclair's novel, The Jungle, was intended to arouse consumers' concern about unsanitary practices in the meat industry.

answer

False

question

(True/False) Conservation of forests, water, and other natural resources was probably Theodore Roosevelt's most popular and enduring presidential achievement.

answer

True

question

(True/False) Defenders of nature became divided between fervent preservationists who wanted to stop all human intrusions into wilderness areas and more moderate conservationists who thought nature should be available for multiple use

answer

True

question

(True/False) Roosevelt effectively used the power of the presidency and the federal government to tame and regulate unbridled capitalism while preserving the basic foundations of the market system and American business

answer

True

question

(True/False) William Howard Taft demonstrated his skill as a political campaigner and leader throughout his presidency

answer

False

question

(True/False) Progressive Republicans became angry with President Taft because he began to form alliances with Democrats and Socialists.

answer

False

question

(True/False) The Ballinger-Pinchot conservation controversy pushed Taft further into an alliance with the reactionary Republican Old Guard and against the pro-Roosevelt progressives.

answer

True

question

(True/False) President Taft used his firm control of the Republican party machinery to deny Theodore Roosevelt the nomination in 1912.

answer

True

question

The two primary goals of the progressive movement, as a whole, were to

answer

improve the quality of urban life and help immigrants adjust to American life.

question

Prominent among those who aroused the progressive movement by stirring the public's sense of concern were

answer

socialists, social gospelers, women, and muckraking journalists.

question

Which of the following was not among the targets of muckraking journalistic exposés?

answer

The U.S. Army and Navy

question

Most progressives were

answer

immigrants.

question

Among the political reforms sought by the progressives were

answer

initiative and referendum, direct election of senators, and women's suffrage.

question

The states where progressivism first gained great influence were

answer

Wisconsin, Oregon, and California.

question

The Supreme Court case of Muller v. Oregon was seen as a victory for both progressivism and women's rights because it

answer

upheld the right of women to vote in state and local elections.

question

President Theodore Roosevelt ended the major Pennsylvania coal strike by

answer

forcing the mine owners and workers to negotiate by threatening to seize the coal mines and operate them with federal troops.

question

The Roosevelt-backed Elkins Act and Hepburn Act were aimed at

answer

more effective regulation of the railroad industry.

question

The controversy over the Hetch Hetchy Valley in Yosemite National Park revealed

answer

a philosophical disagreement between wilderness preservationists and more moderate multiple-use conservationists.

question

Two issues that President Roosevelt especially promoted as part of his progressive policies were

answer

consumer protection and conservation of nature.

question

Roosevelt was blamed by big business for the Panic of 1907 because

answer

his progressive boat-rocking tactics had allegedly unsettled industry and undermined business confidence

question

Progressive Republicans grew deeply disillusioned with Taft, especially over the issues of

answer

trust-busting, tariffs, and conservation.

question

Roosevelt finally decided to break with the Republicans and form a third party because

answer

Taft had used his control of the Republican party machine to deny Roosevelt the nomination.

question

As a result of his successful presidential campaign in 1908, William Howard Taft was widely expected to

answer

advance the issues of women's suffrage and prohibition of alcohol.

question

A largely middle-class movement that aimed to use the power of government to correct the economic and social problems of industrialism

answer

progressivism

question

Popular journalists who used publicity to expose corruption and attack abuses of power in business and government

answer

muckrakers

question

Progressive proposal to allow voters to bypass state legislatures and propose legislation themselves

answer

intiative

question

Progressive device that would enable voters to remove corrupt or ineffective officials from office

answer

recall

question

Roosevelt's policy of having the federal government promote the public interest by dealing evenhandedly with both labor and business

answer

square deal

question

Effective railroad-regulation law of 1906 that greatly strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission

answer

hepburn act

question

Disastrous industrial fire of 1911 that spurred workmen's compensation laws and some state regulation of wages and hours in New York

answer

Northern See. Co

question

Upton Sinclair's novel that inspired pro-consumer federal laws regulating meat, food, and drugs

answer

The Jungle

question

Powerful women's reform organization led by Frances Willard

answer

Woman's Christian Temperance Union

question

Brief but sharp economic downturn of 1907, blamed by conservatives on the supposedly dangerous president

answer

Panic of 1907

question

Generally unsuccessful Taft foreign policy in which government attempted to encourage overseas business ventures

answer

Dollar Diplomacy

question

Powerful corporation broken up by a Taft-initiated antitrust suit in 1911

answer

Standard Oil Company

question

Eccentric economist who criticized the wealthy for conspicuous consumption and failure to serve real human needs

answer

Thorstein Veblen

question

Early muckraker who exposed the political corruption in many American cities

answer

Lincoln Steffens

question

Leading muckraking journalist whose articles documented the Standard Oil Company's abuse of power

answer

Ida Tarbell

question

Progressive measure that required U.S. senators to be elected directly by the people rather than by state legislatures

answer

Seventeenth Amendment

question

The most influential of the state-level progressive governors and a presidential aspirant in 1912

answer

Robert M. La Follette

question

Progressive governor of California who broke the stranglehold of the Southern Pacific Railroad on the state's politics

answer

Hiram Johnson

question

New York City disaster that underscored urban workers' need for government protection

answer

Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire

question

Powerful progressive women's organization that sought to "make the world homelike" by outlawing the saloon and the product it sold

answer

Women's Christian Temperance Union

question

Dangerous labor conflict resolved by Rooseveltian negotiation and threats against business people

answer

Anthracite coal strike

question

Leading female progressive reformer whose advocacy of pacifism as well as social welfare set her at odds with more muscular and militant progressives

answer

Jane Addams

question

Progressive novelist who sought to aid industrial workers, but found his book, The Jungle, instead inspiring middle-class consumer protection.

answer

Upton Sinclair

question

Case that upheld protective legislation on the grounds of women's supposed physical weakness

answer

Muller v. Oregon

question

Politically inept inheritor of the Roosevelt legacy who ended up allied with the reactionary Republican Old Guard

answer

William Howard Taft

question

Supreme court ruling that overturned a progressive law mandating a ten-hour workday

answer

Lochner v. New York

question

Pro-conservation federal official whose dismissal by Taft angered Roosevelt progressives

answer

Gifford Pinchot

question

(Cause/Effect) Provided the pioneering forces who laid the foundations for the Progressive movement

answer

Old-time Populists, muckraking journalists, social-gospel ministers, and European socialist immigrants

question

(Cause/Effect) Led to reforms like the initiative, referendum, and direct election of senators

answer

Progressive concern about political corruption

question

(Cause/Effect) Led the way in using universities and regulatory agencies to pursue progressive goals

answer

Governors like Robert La Follette

question

(Cause/Effect) Forced a compromise settlement of a strike that threatened the national well-being

answer

Roosevelt's threat to seize the anthracite coal mines

question

(Cause/Effect) Served as the launching pads for widespread female involvement in progressive reforms

answer

Settlement houses and women's clubs

question

(Cause/Effect) Outraged consumers and led to the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act

answer

Upton Sinclair's The Jungle

question

(Cause/Effect) Ended the era of uncontrolled exploitation of nature and involved the federal government in preserving natural resources

answer

Roosevelt's personal interest in conservation

question

(Cause/Effect) Incensed pro-Roosevelt progressives and increased their attacks on the Republican Old Guard

answer

Taft's political mishandling of tariff and conservation policies

question

(Cause/Effect) Made Taft's dollar-diplomacy policy a failure

answer

Russia's and Japan's hostility to an American role in China

question

(Cause/Effect) Laid the basis for a third-party crusade in the election of 1912

answer

Roosevelt's feeling that he was cheated out of the Republican nomination by the Taft machine

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