Chapter 18 Conflict and Absolutism in Europe – Questions – Flashcards
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Discuss Elizabeth's policies in England?
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Stated that England would support any nation either France or Spain in the event that one becomes more powerful than the other Stated that she is the sole ruler of both the church and state
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What role did Spain play in religious conflict?
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Since it was said that God chose Spain to save Catholicism from Protestantism, Spain continuously got involved into attempting to bring other nations back to Catholicism.
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Why was Philip II called "the Most Catholic King"?
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There was a belief that Philip II was to return all nations to back Catholicism Spain was chosen by God to save Catholicism Was a said that Philip succeeded in all matters that included Catholicism
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What was the significance of the defeat of the Spanish Armada?
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This showed how even though Spain was the most populous that real political power moved to England and France Spain was a false image of power
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What fueled the French Civil Wars of the sixteenth century?
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The fighting between Huguenots vs. Catholics The wanting to overthrow the French monarchy
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What triggered the French Wars of Religion?
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The fight for power between Catholics and Protestants. With a Cathollic king interfering with Protestant
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How was Europe affected by social crisis in the 17th century?
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While the reforms of Christianity where taken place a religious zeal went around about the practices of witchcraft. The Inquisition believed that it was their responsibility to get rid of these heretics so many commoners where accused of black magic.
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What were the cause and effects of the Thirty Year's War?
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Cause: Fighting between the Protestants and Catholics Effects: Sweden France and its allies gained territories The Holy Roman Empire was divided into over 300 independent states The Peace of Westphalia
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How did disagreements over rule between the Stuarts and Parliament lead to the English Civil War?
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James II refuses to undertake a Puritan reform Starts to ignore the Petition of Right Continued the idea of the divine right of kings Problem: Parliament was made up mostly of Puritans
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What were the causes and effects of the Glorious Revolution?
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A revolt against then king of England, King James II as he was trying to use his power to establish a Catholic dynasty Parliament didn't want that so they invite Mary and William, James daughter and son-in-law, to ensure that England remains under a Protestant dynasty
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In what important way was the monarchy of William and Mary different from the previous Stuart monarchy?
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When both William and Mary was invited to take the throne, they agreed to run England as a dual monarchy and to rule with the Constitution and the Bill of Rights to ensure their rule wouldn't ended up as monarchies.
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Why is the reign of Louis XIV regarded as the best example of absolutism in the 17th century?
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France's culture, language, and manners reached into all levels of European society. French diplomacy and wars dominated the political affairs of Europe. The court of Louis XIV was imitated throughout Europe.
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How is Louis XIV reign as king of France successful or unsuccessful?
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Since many nations copied the example lead by Louis the XIV, and was able monitor any the upper class to ensure that no conspiracies were being made Louis XIV was easily able to control France without interference.
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How did Prussia and Austria emerged as great powers in the 17th century?
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After the Thirty Years War the holy Roman Empire was split into more than 300 independent states which allowed both Prussia and Austria to rise and take over with now additional territory in Germany because it is unable to reunite it self again for another 200 years.
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Why didn't the Austrian monarchy become a absolutism state?
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Because they contained so many different national groups it was difficult to unify it as one nation without conflict.
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How did Russia emerged as a powerful state under Peter the Great?
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By introducing the ideals of Western countries, Peter the Great was able to create Russia into one of the leading powers in military and in technology. The Russian people were able to generate a different point of view from those who in less contact with Western ideals
