Chapter 18 & 19 Concepts – Flashcards
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1) What element is being reduced in the following redox reaction? MnO4?(aq) + H2C2O4(aq) ? Mn2+(aq) + CO2(g) A) C B) O C) Mn D) H
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C
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2) What element is being oxidized in the following redox reaction? MnO4?(aq) + H2C2O4(aq) ? Mn2+(aq) + CO2(g) A) C B) O C) Mn D) H
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A
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3) What element is being reduced in the following redox reaction? H2O2(l) + ClO2(aq) ? ClO2?(aq) + O2(g) A) H B) O C) Cl D) N E) C
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C
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4) What element is being oxidized in the following redox reaction? H2O2(l) + ClO2(aq) ? ClO2?(aq) + O2(g) A) H B) O C) Cl D) N E) C
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B
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5) What element is being oxidized in the following redox reaction? Cr(OH)4?(aq) + ClO?(aq) ? CrO42-(aq) + Cl?(aq) A) Cr B) O C) H D) Cl
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A
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6) What element is being reduced in the following redox reaction? Cr(OH)4?(aq) + ClO?(aq) ? CrO42-(aq) + Cl?(aq) A) Cr B) O C) H D) Cl
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D
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7) What element is being oxidized in the following redox reaction? C3H8O2(aq) + KMnO4(aq) ? C3H2O4K2(aq) + MnO2(aq) A) C B) H C) O D) K E) Mn
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A
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8) What element is being reduced in the following redox reaction? C3H8O2(aq) + KMnO4(aq) ? C3H2O4K2(aq) + MnO2(aq) A) C B) H C) O D) K E) Mn
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E
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9) What element is being oxidized in the following redox reaction? C3H8O2(aq) + K2Cr2O7(aq) ? c3h4o4(aq) + Cr+3(aq) A) C B) H C) O D) K E) Cr
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A
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10) What element is being reduced in the following redox reaction? C3H8O2(aq) + K2Cr2O7(aq) ? C3H4O4(aq) + Cr+3(aq) A) C B) H C) O D) K E) Cr
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E
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20) Identify the location of oxidation in an electrochemical cell. A) the anode B) the cathode C) the electrode D) the salt bridge E) the socket
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A
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21) Identify the location of reduction in an electrochemical cell. A) the anode B) the cathode C) the electrode D) the salt bridge E) the socket
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B
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22) Define a salt bridge. A) A pathway, composed of salt water, that ions pass through. B) A pathway in which no ions flow. C) A pathway between the cathode and anode in which ions are reduced. D) A pathway between the cathode and anode in which ions are oxidized. E) A pathway by which counterions can flow between the half-cells without the solutions in the half-cell totally mixing.
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E
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24) What statement is NOT true about standard electrode potentials? A) E°cell is positive for spontaneous reactions. B) Electrons will flow from more negative electrode to more positive electrode. C) The electrode potential of the standard hydrogen electrode is exactly zero. D) E°cell is the difference in voltage between the anode and the cathode. E) The electrode in any half-cell with a greater tendency to undergo reduction is positively charged relative to the standard hydrogen electrode and therefore has a positive E°.
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D
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25) Which of the following is the weakest oxidizing agent? A) H2O2(aq) B) Fe3+(aq) C) ClO2(g) D) F-(s) E) Fe(s)
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D
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31) Identify the characteristics of a spontaneous reaction. A) ?G° 0 C) K > 1 D) all of the above E) none of the above
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D
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32) How many electrons are transferred in the following reaction? (The reaction is unbalanced.) I2(s) + Fe(s) ? Fe3+(aq) + I?(aq) A) 1 B) 2 C) 6 D) 3 E) 4
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C
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37) Which of the following reactions would be the most spontaneous at 298 K? A) A + 2 B ? C; E°cell = +0.98 V B) A + B ? 2 C; E°cell = -0.030 V C) A + B ? 3 C; E°cell = +0.15 V D) A + B ? C; E°cell = +1.22 V E) More information is needed to determine.
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D
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47) Identify the battery that is in most automobiles. A) dry-cell battery B) lithium ion battery C) lead-acid storage battery D) NiCad battery E) fuel cell
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C
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48) Identify the battery that is used as a common flashlight battery. A) dry-cell battery B) lithium ion battery C) lead-acid storage battery D) NiCad battery E) fuel cell
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A
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49) Identify the components of a fuel cell. A) nickel-metal hydride B) lithium ion C) hydrogen-oxygen D) nickel-cadmium E) zinc-manganese
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C
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50) Identify the battery type that has a high overcharge tolerance. A) NiCad B) Li ion C) NiMH D) lead storage E) none of the above
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D
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51) What is the reaction at the anode in a breathalyzer? A) Ethanol is oxidized to acetic acid. B) Acetic acid is reduced to ethanol. C) Oxygen is reduced. D) Hydrogen is oxidized. E) Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde.
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A
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52) What is the reaction at the cathode in a breathalyzer? A) Ethanol is oxidized to acetic acid. B) Acetic acid is reduced to ethanol. C) Oxygen is reduced. D) Hydrogen is oxidized. E) Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde.
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C
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53) Describe how water can be a good conductor of current. A) use pure water B) heat the water C) add salt D) chill the water E) vaporize the water
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C
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58) Identify a component in the formation of rust. A) salt B) moisture C) acid D) all of the above E) none of the above
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D
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59) To prevent rust, nails are coated with ________. A) zinc B) salt C) calcium D) sodium E) lithium
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A
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60) Predict the species that will be reduced first if the following mixture of molten salts undergoes electrolysis. Na+, Ca2+, Cl?, Br?, F? A) Na? B) Cl? C) Ca2+ D) Br? E) F?
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A
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61) Predict the species that will be reduced first if the following mixture of molten salts undergoes electrolysis. Zn2+, Fe3+, Mg2+, Br-, I- A) Zn2+ B) Mg2+ C) Br- D) Fe3+ E) I-
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D
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62) Predict the species that will be oxidized first if the following mixture of molten salts undergoes electrolysis. Cu2+, Mg2+, Cl?, Br?, F? A) Cl? B) F? C) Cu2+ D) Mg2+ E) Br?
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E
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1) Identify oxidation. A) increase in oxidation number B) loss of electrons C) gain of protons D) loss of neutrons E) both A and B
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E
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2) What element is being oxidized in the following redox reaction? Mg2+(aq) + NH4+(aq) ? Mg(s) + NO3?(aq) A) Mg B) N C) H D) O
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B
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15) What is the reducing agent in the redox reaction represented by the following cell notation? Zn(s) ? Zn2+(aq) ?? Ag+(aq) ? Ag(s) A) Zn(s) B) Zn2+(aq) C) Ag+(aq) D) Ag(s) E) Pt
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A
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16) What is the oxidizing agent in the redox reaction represented by the following cell notation? Ni(s) ? Ni2+(aq) ?? Ag+(aq) ? Ag(s) A) Ni(s) B) Ni2+(aq) C) Ag+(aq) D) Ag(s) E) Pt
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C
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17) What is the oxidizing agent in the redox reaction represented by the following cell notation? Sn(s) ? Sn2+(aq) ?? Ag+(aq) ? Ag(s) A) Sn(s) B) Ag+(aq) C) Sn2+(aq) D) Ag(s) E) Pt
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B
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18) What is the reducing agent in the redox reaction represented by the following cell notation? Ca(s) ? Ca2+(aq) ?? Ag+(aq) ? Ag(s) A) Ca(s) B) Ag+(aq) C) Ca2+(aq) D) Ag(s) E) Pt
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A
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19) What is undergoing reduction in the redox reaction represented by the following cell notation? Cr(s) ? Cr3+(aq) ?? F2(g) ? F?(aq) ? Pt A) Cr(s) B) Cr3+(aq) C) F2(g) D) F?(aq) E) Pt
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C
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20) What is undergoing oxidation in the redox reaction represented by the following cell notation? Fe(s) ? Fe3+(aq) ?? Br2(g) ? Br?(aq) ? Pt A) Fe(s) B) Fe3+(aq) C) Br2(g) D) Br?(aq) E) Pt
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A
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21) What is undergoing oxidation in the redox reaction represented by the following cell notation? Fe(s) ? Fe2+(aq) ?? H+(aq) ? H2(g) ? Pt A) H2(g) B) H+(aq) C) Fe2+(aq) D) Fe(s) E) Pt
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D
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22) What is undergoing reduction in the redox reaction represented by the following cell notation? Pb(s) ? Pb2+(aq) ?? H+(aq) ? H2(g) ? Pt A) H2(g) B) H+(aq) C) Pb2+(aq) D) Pb(s) E) Pt
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B
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23) Which of the following is the strongest reducing agent? A) Cl2+(aq) B) Cr3+(aq) C) Cl-(aq) D) Cr(s) E) Cl(s)
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D
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24) Which of the following is the weakest oxidizing agent? A) Sn2+(aq) B) Al3+(aq) C) Sn4+(aq) D) K+(s) E) Cu+(s)
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D
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25) Which of the following is the strongest reducing agent? A) Na(s) B) Li+(aq) C) Ca(s) D) Ca2+(aq) E) K(s)
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E
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26) Which of the following is the strongest reducing agent? A) Al(s) B) Mn(s) C) Li(s) D) Al3+(aq) E) Mg2+(aq)
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C
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27) Which of the following is the weakest reducing agent? A) Cr(s) B) F-(aq) C) K(s) D) Cr3+(aq) E) Ca2+(aq)
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B
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28) Which of the following is the strongest oxidizing agent? A) BrO2(s) B) Br?(aq) C) Cu?(aq) D) SO42-(aq) E) MnO4?(aq)
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E
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29) Which of the following is the strongest oxidizing agent? A) Br2(l) B) Au3+(aq) C) Li(s) D) I?(aq) E) Li(s)
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B
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30) Which of the following is the weakest reducing agent? A) Cl2(l) B) ClO2-(aq) C) Ag(s) D) Br?(aq) E) Au(s)
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E
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31) Which of the following is the strongest oxidizing agent? A) H2O2(aq) B) Fe3+(aq) C) ClO2(g) D) I2(s) E) Fe(s)
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A
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32) Determine which of the following pairs of reactants will result in a spontaneous reaction at 25°C. A) Pb2+(aq) + Cu(s) B) Ag+(aq) + Br?(aq) C) Li+(aq) + Cr(s) D) Fe3+(aq) + Cd(s) E) None of the above pairs will react.
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D
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33) Determine which of the following pairs of reactants will result in a spontaneous reaction at 25°C. A) Sn4+(aq) + Mn(s) B) Cr3+(aq) + Pb(s) C) Zn(s) + K+(aq) D) Fe(s) + Ba2+(aq) E) None of the above pairs will react.
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A
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34) Determine which of the following pairs of reactants will result in a spontaneous reaction at 25°C. A) I-(aq) + Fe2+(aq) B) Ca(s) + Mg2+(aq) C) H2(g) + Sn2+(aq) D) Ag(s) + Sn2+(aq) E) All of the above pairs will react.
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B
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35) Which of the following metals will dissolve in nitric acid but not hydrochloric? A) Li B) Li C) Cu D) Sn E) Ni
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C
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36) Which of the following metals will dissolve in nitric acid but not hydrochloric? A) Fe B) Zn C) Mg D) Ag E) Al
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D
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37) Which of the following metals will dissolve in HCl? A) Ba B) Na C) Mn D) Al E) all of the above
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E
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38) Which of the following metals will not dissolve in nitric acid or hydrochloric acid? A) Pb B) Cu C) Ni D) Au E) all of the above
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D
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39) Which of the following metals will not dissolve in nitric acid or hydrochloric acid? A) Al B) Pb C) Mg D) K E) none of the above
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E
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46) How many electrons are transferred in the following reaction? (The reaction is unbalanced.) Ca(s) + Cr3+(aq) ? Cr(s) + Ca2+(aq) A) 6 B) 2 C) 3 D) 1 E) 4
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A
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47) How many electrons are transferred in the following reaction? (The reaction is unbalanced.) Ca2+(aq) + Li(s) ? Ca(s) + Li+(aq) A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 6
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B
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1) Give the number of covalent bonds that a carbon atom can form. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
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D
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2) Identify the formula for an alkene. A) CnH2n+2 B) CnH2n-2 C) CnH2n D) CnH2n-4 E) CnH2n+4
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C
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3) Identify the formula for an alkane. A) CnH2n+2 B) CnH2n-2 C) CnH2n D) CnH2n-4 E) CnH2n+4
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A
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4) Identify the formula for an alkyne. A) CnH2n+2 B) CnH2n-2 C) CnH2n D) CnH2n-4 E) CnH2n+4
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B
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5) Nonsuperimposable mirror images are called ________. A) structural isomers B) achiral C) diastereomers D) enantiomers E) racemic mixture
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D
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6) Molecules with the same formula but different structures are called ________. A) structural isomers B) achiral C) diastereomers D) enantiomers E) racemic mixture
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A
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7) An equimolar mixture of two optical isomers is called a ________. A) structural isomer B) achiral C) diastereomer D) enantiomer E) racemic mixture
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A
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8) How many of the carbons in the following compound are chiral center(s)? A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4 or more
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C
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57) Describe the reactions during the electrolysis of water. A) Oxygen is reduced and hydrogen is oxidized. B) Oxygen and hydrogen are both oxidized. C) Oxygen and hydrogen are both reduced. D) Oxygen is oxidized and hydrogen is reduced. E) Neither oxygen or hydrogen are oxidized or reduced.
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D & E
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9) How many of the carbons in the following compound are chiral center(s)? A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4 or more
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D
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10) Name the following compound. A) 3-ethyl-3-methylhexane B) 3-methyl-3-propylpentane C) 3-ethyl-3-propylbutane D) nonane E) 2-ethylheptane
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A
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11) Name the following compound. A) 4-methyl-4-propylpentane B) 4,4-dimethylheptane C) nonane D) 4-propyl-4-methylpentane E) 2-methyl-2-propylpentane
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B
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12) Name the following compound. A) 2-methyl-3-methylhexane B) heptane C) 2,3-dimethylpentane D) 3,4-dimethylpentane E) 2,4-dimethylpropane
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C
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13) Which of the following names are correct? A) 3-butyl-4-pentene B) 3-ethyl-1-heptene C) 3-etheneheptane D) 5-ethyl-6-heptene E) All of the above are correct.
answer
B
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14) Name the following compound. A) 3-methyl-1-pentyne B) 3-methyl-4-pentyne C) 2-ethynebutane D) 1-hexyne E) 3-ethyl-1-butyne
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A
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15) Name the following compound. A) 4-propyl-5-hexyne B) 3-isopropyl-1-hexyne C) 1-nonyne D) 4-methyl-3-propyl-1-pentyne E) 2-methyl-4-pentyne
answer
B
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16) Name the following compound. A) 3-butyl-3-propyl-1-pentyne B) 3-butyl-3-propyl-4-pentyne C) 3-ethyl-3-propyl-1-heptyne D) 5-ethyl-5-propyl-6-heptyne E) 3-ethyl-3-butyl-1-hexyne
answer
C
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17) Which of the following names are correct? A) 2-methyl-4-pentyne B) 3-ethyl-1-butyne C) 3-butyl-3-propyl-1-pentyne D) 3-methyl-1-butyne E) 3-ethyl-3-butyl-1-hexyne
answer
D
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18) Which of the following names are correct? A) 3-methyl-5-heptyne B) 2-ethyl-4-hexyne C) 5-ethyl-2-hexyne D) 4-butyl-1-pentyne E) 5-methyl-2-heptyne
answer
E
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19) Which of the following compounds exhibit geometric isomerism? A) CH2=CH-CH3 B) CCl2=CBr2 C) CH3-CH=CH-CH3 D) CCl2=CHBr E) All of the above exhibit geometric isomerism.
answer
C
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20) Which of the following compounds exhibit geometric isomerism? A) CH2=CH2 B) CH2=CCl2 C) CBr2=CHBr D) CHCl=CHCl E) (CH3)2C=CH-CH3
answer
D
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30) Name the following compound. A) 2,5-dibromobenzene B) 2,5-dibromocyclohexene C) 1,4-dibromobenzene D) 1,4-bromocyclohexene E) 3,6-dibromobenzene
answer
C
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31) Name the following compound. A) o-dibromobenzene B) m-dibromobenzene C) p-dibromobenzene D) p-bromobenzene E) none of the above
answer
C
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32) Name the following compound. A) 2,3,5-trichlorobenzene B) 1,3,4-trichlorobenzene C) trichlorostyrene D) 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene E) 1,3,4-trichlorohexene
answer
D
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33) Which of the following compounds is an alcohol? A) CH3CH2CH2CO2H B) CH3-O-CH3 C) CH3CO2CH3 D) CH3CH2CH=O E) CH2OH-CH2OH
answer
E
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34) Which of the following compounds is an aldehyde? A) CH3CH2CH=O B) CH3CH2CH2CO2H C) CH3CO2CH3 D) CH3-O-CH3 E) CH2OH-CH2OH
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A
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39) Which of the following compounds is ethanol? A) C2H6 B) C2H5OH C) CH3CO2H D) CH3CO2CH3 E) CH3-O-CH3
answer
B
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42) Identify the most oxidized compound. A) CH3CH2COOH B) CH3CH2CHO C) CH3CH2CH3 D) CH3CH2OCH3 E) CH3CH2CH2OH
answer
A
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44) Give the product for the dehydration of CH3CH2CH2OH. A) CH3CH2CH2OCH2CH2CH3 B) CH3CH=CH2 C) CH3CH=CHCH3 D) CH3CH2CH=CH2 E) CH2=C=CH2
answer
B
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53) Give the organic product for the following reaction in the presence of sulfuric acid. CH3CH2COOH + CH3CH2CH2OH ? A) CH3CH2COOCH2CH3 B) CH3CH2COOCH2CH2CH3 C) CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH3 D) CH3CH2COCH2CH2CH3 E) CH3CH2OCH2CH2CH3
answer
B
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54) A carboxylic acid reacts an alcohol to form ________. A) an ether B) an amine C) an amide D) an ester E) an anhydride
answer
D
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55) A carboxylic acid reacts with itself to form ________. A) an ether B) an amine C) an amide D) an ester E) an anhydride
answer
E
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56) Give the organic product for the following reaction. CH3CH2CH2NH2 + HCl ? A) ClCH2CH2CH2NH2 B) CH3CHClCH2NH2 C) CH3CH2CHClNH2 D) CH3CH2CH2NHCl E) CH3CH2CH2NH3+ Cl-
answer
E
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57) Give the organic product for the following reaction. CH3CH2COOH + CH3CH2CH2NH2 ? A) CH3CH2NHCH2CH2CH3 B) CH3CH2CON(CH2CH2CH3)2 C) CH3CH2CH2CONHCH2CH3 D) CH3CH2CONHCH2CH2CH3 E) CH3CH2N(CH2CH2CH3)2
answer
D
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60) A common use of polyvinyl chloride is ________. A) plumbing B) plastic wrap C) plastic bottles D) styrofoam E) nylon
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A
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61) Identify the copolymer A) nylon 6,6 B) polyvinyl chloride C) polyethylene D) polypropylene E) polystyrene
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A
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1) Which compound is a saturated hydrocarbon? A) 1-butyne B) cycloheptene C) 3-methylheptane D) 2-heptyne
answer
C
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2) How many isomers are there for C5H12 ? A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6
answer
A
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3) Which of the following compounds exhibit optical isomerism? A) sec-butylbenzene B) CH2Br2 C) CF2BrI D) CHF2I E) tert-butylbenzene
answer
A
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4) Which of the following compounds exhibits optical isomerism? A) CH3-CH2-CH3 B) CH3-CH2-CHF-CH3 C) CH3-CHBr-CH3 D) CH3-CH2-CH2F E) CH3-CH2-CBr2-CH3
answer
B
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5) Which of the following alkane names is correct? A) 1,2-dimethylhexane B) 1-propylnonane C) 4,5-dipropylpentane D) 2-methyl-3-ethylhexane E) All of the above names are correct.
answer
D
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6) Which of the following alkane names is correct? A) 2,3-dibutylpropane B) 3-ethyl-4-methylbutane C) 4-ethyl-5-butylheptane D) 3,3-dibutylpentane E) None of the above names are correct.
answer
E
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11) Which of the following names is correct? A) 2-methyl-1-butene B) 3,3-diethyl-4-propene C) 2-ethyl-3-pentene D) 1-propyl-2-pentene E) None of the above are correct.
answer
A
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15) Which of the following names is correct? A) 1,2,4-trifluorobenzene B) 1-methyl-3-isopropylhexene C) 1,3,4-fluorobenzene D) 4-isopropyl-6-methylbenzene E) 2,5-dibromocyclohexene
answer
A
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16) Which of the following names are correct? A) 4-bromo-2-methylbenzene B) 1-chloro-3-propylbenzene C) 3-bromo-4-chlorobenzene D) 2,2-dibbromobenzene E) 4-bromo-2-iodobenzene
answer
B
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19) Which one of the following molecules is the most polar? A) butane B) butanoic acid C) cyclohexane D) ethanol
answer
B
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20) Which of the following compounds is an amine? A) (CH3CH2)2NH B) CH3CH2CH2CH2CO2CH3 C) CH3CH2CH2CH2Br D) CH3COOH E) CH3OCH3
answer
A
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27) Choose the weak base from the compounds below. A) (CH3)2NH B) CH3COOH C) CH3SCH3 D) CH3CH3 E) CH3CH2I
answer
A
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28) Choose the weak acid from the compounds below. A) CH3CH2NH2 B) CH3CH2COOH C) CH3CH2OCH3 D) CH3CH2I E) CH3SeH
answer
B
