Chapter 17 APUSH
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Andrew Carnegie
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iron manufacturer, Bessemer converter
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Virtical integration
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Gustavus Swift, 1 company controls all aspects of production
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predatory pricing
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slashed prices to below production costs to drive off independent distributors
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John D. Rockefeller
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pioneered horizontal integration, Standard OIl
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Horizontal integration
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pressured competitors to merge
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trusts
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trustees managed the firms as a single entity
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Department store
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pioneered by John Wanamaker
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mail-order
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sears and montgomery Ward
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white collar workers
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managers
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blue collar workers
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shop floor workers
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mass production
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assembled from standardized parts
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Scientific management
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Frederick taylor, eliminate brainwork and withdraw workers' authority
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Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
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barred chinese from entering US
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paper sons
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false documents saying they were American born
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Trade unions
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negotiate with employers
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Great Railroad Strike of 1877
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workers left because of small wages
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blacklisted
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put on a \"do not hire\" list
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National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry
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counter power of corporate middlement
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Greenback Labor Party
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protested fading reconstruction, ideal of producerism
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Knights of Labor
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secret society in Philadelphia, run by Terrence Powderly; warned against liquor
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anarchism
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revolutionary advocacy of stateless society
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Haymarket Violence
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bomb thrown, downfall of Knights of Labor
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Farmers' alliance
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largest farmer-based movement in US history
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Co-ops
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suffered from underfunding and lack of credit
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Hatch Act
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provided federal funding for agriculture research and education
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Interstate Commerce Act
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created ICC
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Interstate Commerce Commission
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investigate interstate shipping
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closed-shop
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with all jobs reserved for union members
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Samuel Gompers
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led America Federation of Labor
