Chapter 16 AP World History – Flashcards
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Buzurg ibn Shahriyar
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definition: A storytelling mariner who came from the emporium of Siraf on the Persian Gulf significance: Demonstrated trade influenced in India
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Harsha
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definition: 7th century north Indian ruler; built a large state that declined after his death 646 (last true Hindu ruler) significance: unified India temporarily
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Mahmud of Ghazni
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definition: third ruler of Turkish slave dynasty in Afghanistan; led invasions of northern India; credited with sacking one of wealthiest of Hindu temples in northern India; gave Muslims reputation for intolerance and aggression significance: set back Islam in India
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Harihara and Bukka
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definition: two brothers dispatched by officials in Delhi to represent the sultan and implement court policies in the sought. Converted from Hinduism to Islam; in 1336 they renounced Islam, returned to Hindu faith, and proclaimed of an established empire, independent empire of Vijayanagar significance: Established a new empire
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Shankara
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definition: southern India; tried to harmonize all the Hindu writings significance: matured Hinduism
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Raminuja
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definition: taught in the hands of Vishnu one will win god's grace and live in presence significance: matured Hinduism
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Sind
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definition: Indus River valley in NW India; conquered in 711; fringe of Islamic world significance: helped spread Islam to India
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Sultanate of Delhi
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definition: the kingdom established by Mahmud's succesors to spread islam in India significance: spread Islam to India
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Chola Kingdom
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definition: kingdom situated in the deep south. At its high point, Chola forces conquered Ceylon and parts of southeast Asia, funded by the profits of trade, dominated the sea, did not build a tightly centralized state significance: brought order to Southern India
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Vijayanagar
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definition: independent empire proclaimed by Harihara and Bukka; "city of victory". Dominate state in southern India until 1565 significance: brought order to Southern India
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Monsoons
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definition: seasonal wind patterns that cause wet and dry seasons significance: helped trade and agriculture
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Dhows
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definition: Arab sailing vessels with triangular or lateen sails; strongly influenced European ship design significance: helped to trade in the Indian Ocean Basin
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Junks
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definition: Chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, sternpost rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders; dominant force in Asian seas east of the Malayan peninsula significance: helped trade in the Indian Ocean Basin
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Kingdom of Axum
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definition: Christian kingdom in Ethiopia significance: Helped with maritime trade
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Caste System
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definition: a social structure in which classes are determined by heredity significance: helped integrate immigrants
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Vishnu
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definition: A Hindu god considered the preserver of the world significance: helped with Cults and Hinduism
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Shiva
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definition: an important Hindu deity who in the trinity of gods was the Destroyer significance: helped with Cults and Hinduism
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Sufis
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definition: a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life significance: helped spread Islam
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Bhakti
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definition: Indian movement that attempted to transcend the differences between Hinduism and Islam significance: helped spread Islam
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Funan
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definition: Early complex society in Southeast Asia between the first and sixth centuries C.E. significance: demonstrated Indian influence
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Srivijaya
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definition: Southeast Asian kingdom, based on the island of Sumatra that used a powerful navy to dominate trade significance: Used Maritime trade to garner power
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Angkor
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definition: Southeast Asian Khmer kingdom (889-1432) that was centered around temple cities significance: demonstrated Indian influence
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Melaka
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definition: the first major center of Islam in Southeast Asia, a port kingdom on the southwestern coast of the Malay Peninsula significance: Helped to spread Islam
