Chapter 15 (copy) – Flashcards

1) The air in your room is composed of molecules that have A) nearly identical speeds. B) a wide variety of speeds. C) no speeds worth mentioning.

2) The kind of molecular motion that mostly relates to the temperature of a substance is A) translational motion. B) rotational motion. C) vibrational motion. D) all about equally

3) Translational motion is characterized by A) motion that carries a molecule from one place to another. B) the motion used in measuring temperature. C) both of these D) neither of these

4) Temperature is most closely related to molecular A) kinetic energy. B) potential energy. C) electrical energy. D) mechanical energy in general.

5) Which temperature scales have equal sized degrees? A) Fahrenheit and Celsius B) Fahrenheit and Kelvin C) Celsius and Kelvin D) none of the above

6) Which temperature scale has the smallest sized degrees? A) Fahrenheit B) Celsius C) Kelvin D) none of the above

7) A temperature difference of 10 Celsius degrees is also equal to a temperature difference of 10 on the A) Fahrenheit scale. B) Kelvin scale. C) both of these D) neither of these

8) Room temperature on the Kelvin scale is about A) 100 K. B) 200 K. C) 300 K. D) 400 K. E) more than 400 K.

9) The fact that a thermometer "takes its own temperature" illustrates A) thermal equilibrium. B) energy conservation. C) the difference between heat and internal energy. D) the fact that molecules are constantly moving.

10) In which is the temperature greater? A) boiling-hot tea in a cup B) boiling-hot tea in a fire-engine pail C) both the same

11) Internal energy is greater in a A) cup of boiling-hot tea. B) fire-engine pail of boiling-hot tea. C) both the same

12) When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows A) from your finger to the ice. B) from the ice to your finger. C) actually, both ways.

13) When you touch a hot potato with your finger, energy flows A) from your finger to the potato. B) from the potato to your finger. C) actually, both ways.

14) Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has A) more internal energy and higher temperature. B) higher temperature, but less internal energy. C) a greater specific heat and more internal energy. D) none of the above

15) Heat energy travels from an object with a high A) internal energy to an object with a lower internal energy. B) temperature to an object with a lower temperature. C) both of the above D) none of the above

16) Heat energy is measured in units of A) joules. B) calories. C) both of these D) neither of these

17) The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C is A) 4.19 calories. B) 4.19 Calories. C) 4.19 joules. D) none of the above

18) When 10 grams of hot water cool by 1°C, the amount of heat given off is A) 41.9 calories. B) 41.9 Calories. C) 41.9 joules. D) more than 41.9 joules. E) none of the above

19) Which unit represents the most energy? A) calorie B) Calorie C) joule D) all the same

20) White-hot sparks from a 4th-of-July-type sparkler that strike your skin have relatively A) high temperatures. B) few molecules per spark. C) low transfer of energy. D) all of the above E) none of the above

21) The white-hot sparks from a 4th-of-July-type sparkler that strike your skin transfer A) little energy to you in spite of their high temperature. B) little energy to you due to their low temperature. C) much energy, but at a low temperature. D) none of the above

22) Pour a liter of water at 40°C into a liter of water at 20°C and the final temperature of the two becomes A) less than 30°C. B) at or about 30°C. C) more than 30°C.

23) Pour two liters of water at 40°C into one liter of water at 20°C and the final temperature of the two becomes A) less than 30°C. B) at or about 30°C. C) more than 30°C.

24) Place a 1-kilogram block of iron at 40°C into 1 kilogram of water at 20°C and the final temperature of the two becomes A) less than 30°C. B) at or about 30°C. C) more than 30°C.

25) A substance with a high thermal inertia has a high A) temperature, in many cases. B) heat conductivity. C) specific heat capacity. D) energy content.

26) The quantity of heat that a substance can transfer relates to its A) mass B) specific heat capacity C) change in its temperature. D) all of the above

27) Materials composed of molecules that absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations have A) low specific heats. B) high specific heats. C) none of the above

28) The specific heat capacity is highest for substances that absorb or release large quantities of heat for correspondingly A) small temperature changes. B) large temperature changes. C) small or large changes in temperature. D) none of the above

29) Aluminum has a higher specific heat capacity than iron. This means that for equal masses of aluminum and iron, the metal that heats more quickly when the same amount of heat is applied is A) aluminum. B) iron. C) need more information

30) Tomatoes have a higher specific heat capacity than dough. This means that when you bite into a hot pizza A) the dough feels hotter than the tomato sauce. B) the tomato sauce feels hotter than the dough. C) since sauce and dough are at the same temperature, neither feels hotter.

31) Which of the following normally warms up fastest when heat is applied? A) water B) iron C) glass D) wood E) all of the above

32) A substance that cools down faster than others has a A) low specific heat capacity. B) high specific heat capacity. C) either of these D) neither of these

33) A substance that heats up relatively slowly has a A) high specific heat capacity. B) low specific heat capacity. C) either of these D) neither of these

34) A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a A) high specific heat capacity. B) low specific heat capacity. C) either of these D) neither of these

35) Aluminum has a specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergo the fastest increase in temperature will be A) copper. B) aluminum. C) both the same

36) The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that the specific heat capacity of sand is relatively A) low. B) high. C) practically absent.

37) One of water's interesting thermal properties is that when heated it takes a relatively A) long time in changing temperature. B) short time in changing temperature. C) same amount of time to cool. D) none of the above

38) The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has much to do with water's A) good conductivity. B) vast supply of internal energy. C) high specific heat capacity. D) high evaporation rate. E) absorption of solar energy.

39) If the specific heat capacity of water were lower than it is, a nice hot bath would be a A) shorter experience. B) longer experience. C) same regardless of water's specific heat capacity.

40) If the specific heat capacity of water were lower than it is, a watermelon in a picnic cooler would cool in a A) shorter time. B) longer time. C) the same time anyway.

41) If the specific heat of water were lower than it is, ponds in the cold of winter would be A) more likely to freeze. B) less likely to freeze. C) neither more nor less likely to freeze.

42) In terms of thermal expansion it is important that A) a key and its lock are made of similar or the same material. B) the fillings in your teeth expand at the same rate as teeth. C) iron rods and concrete in which they're embedded expand equally. D) all of the above E) none of the above

43) A closed, sealed can of air placed on a hot stove. The contained air undergoes an increase in A) mass. B) temperature. C) both of these D) neither of these

44) When most substances are heated, molecules inside move faster and take up more space, resulting in thermal A) bending. B) expansion. C) contraction. D) heat.

45) When we enlarge a photograph of an iron ring, the image of the hole becomes A) smaller. B) larger. C) neither smaller nor larger.

46) When an iron ring is heated, the hole becomes A) smaller. B) larger. C) neither smaller nor larger. D) either smaller or larger, depending on the ring thickness.

47) As a piece of metal with a hole in it cools, the diameter of the hole A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same.

48) Consider a metal ring with a gap cut in it. When the ring is heated, the gap A) becomes narrower. B) becomes wider. C) retains its size.

49) When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is A) iron gets hotter before copper. B) copper gets hotter before iron. C) copper expands more than iron. D) iron expands more than copper. E) none of the above

50) It is important that the two metals that compose a bimetallic strip have A) different conductivities. B) different rates of expansion. C) equal thicknesses. D) all of the above E) none of the above