Chapter 14: Cardiovascular Emergencies – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. Bystanders are present, but have not provided any care. You should...
answer
Begin CPR and apply the AED without delay
question
A 40-year-old man is in cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing CPR. You are attaching the AED when the patient's wife tells you that he has an automatic implantable cardiac defibrillator (AICD). The AED advises that a shock is indicated. What should you do?
answer
Deliver the shock followed by immediate resumption of CPR
question
A percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) restores blood flow to the ischemic myocardium by...
answer
Dilating be affected coronary artery with a small inflatable balloon
question
After assisting your patient with prescribed nitroglycerin, you should...
answer
Reassess the blood pressure within 5 minutes to detect hypotension
question
Which of the following statements regarding nitroglycerin is correct?
answer
Nitroglycerin usually relieves anginal chest pain within 5 minutes
question
Common side effects of nitroglycerin include all of the following, EXCEPT...
answer
Hypertension
question
Which of the following is LEAST important when obtaining a medical history from a patient with a chief complaint of chest discomfort?
answer
Family history of hypertension
question
Upon arriving at the residence of a patient with a possible cardiac problem, it is MOST important to...
answer
Assess the scene for potential hazards
question
A 66-year-old woman presents with a stabbing pain in the middle of her chest that radiates to her back. She tells you that the pain suddenly began about 30 minutes ago and has been severe since the onset. She has a history of hypertension, but admits to not being compliant with her regimen of antihypertensive medications. During the primary assessment, you find that her blood pressure is significantly higher in her left arm then it is in her right arm. What do the signs and symptoms MOST likely indicate?
answer
Dissecting aortic aneurysm
question
Signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients who...
answer
Have chronic hypertension
question
A 67-year-old woman presents with difficulty breathing and chest discomfort that awakened her from her sleep. She states that she has congestive heart failure, has had two previous heart attacks, and has prescribed nitroglycerin. She is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. Her blood pressure is 96/64 mm Hg and her heart rate is 120 breaths/min. Treatment for this patient includes...
answer
Placing her in an upright position
question
The purpose of defibrillation is to...
answer
Stop the chaotic, disorganized contraction of the cardiac cells
question
Sudden-death following an AMI is most often caused by...
answer
Ventricular fibrillation
question
Rapid, labored breathing in a patient with signs and symptoms of AMI should make you suspect...
answer
Congestive heart failure
question
Common signs and symptoms of AMI include all of the following, EXCEPT...
answer
Pain exacerbated by breathing
question
Angina pectoris occurs when...
answer
Myocardial oxygen demand exceeds the supply
question
Risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include...
answer
Family history
question
A patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because the...
answer
Lumen of the coronary artery is narrowed and cannot accommodate increased blood flow
question
Cardiac output may decrease if the heart beats too rapidly because...
answer
There is not enough time in between contractions for the heart to refill completely
question
The inferior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart from all of the following areas, EXCEPT the...
answer
Brain
question
The descending aorta divides into two iliac arteries at the level of the...
answer
Umbilicus
question
The myocardium receives oxygenated blood from the _______, which originates from the ______.
answer
Coronary arteries, aorta
question
The ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract spontaneously without a stimulus from a nerve source is called...
answer
Automaticity
question
The electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the...
answer
Sinoatrial (SA) node
question
Blood that is ejected from the right ventricle...
answer
Flows into the pulmonary arteries
