Chapter 14 Test Answers – Flashcards

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question
Which of the following elements is present in thiols but not in alcohols?
answer
S
question
Which of the following compounds has an extremely disagreeable odor?
answer
CH3CH2SH
question
What is the geometry at the OH-bearing carbon atom of all alcohols?
answer
tetrahedral
question
What are the approximate bond angles at OH-bearing carbon atom of all alcohols?
answer
109 degrees
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Which of the following is the IUPAC name of Butyl alcohol?
answer
1-butanol
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Which of the following is th eIUPAC name of Isobutyl alcohol?
answer
2-methyl-1-propanol
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Which of the following is the IUPAC name for Sec-butyl alcohol?
answer
2-butanol
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Which of the following is the IUPAC name of tert-butyl alcohol?
answer
2-methyl-2-propanol
question
What structure represents 4-methylcyclohexanol?
answer
in PACKET! #12
question
Which of the following structures represents 3, 3-dimethyl-1-butanol?
answer
in PACKET #13
question
Which of the following is the common name of 2-methyl-2-propanol?
answer
tert-butyl alcohol
question
What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?
answer
In PACKET #15
question
Which of the following is a complete and correct IUPAC name?
answer
Cis-3-isoprpylcyclohexanol
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Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name?
answer
1-isopropylcyclohexanol
question
Which of the following statements is true?
answer
All gylcols are diols
question
Which of the following is a gycol?
answer
HOCH2CH2OH
question
Which of the following are gylcols?
answer
Ch2CH2CH-OHCH2OH In PACKET #20
question
Which of the following is true of the alcohol functional groups 1,3-propanediol?
answer
both are PRIMARY
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Which of the following is true of the alcohol functional groups in 2-methyl-1,2-propanediol?
answer
One is PRIMARY and one is TERTIARY
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Which of the following is true of the alcohol groups 1,3-butanediol?
answer
one is PRIMARY one is SECONDARY
question
Which of the following is true of the alcohol functional groups 2,3 butanediol?
answer
both SECONDARY
question
Given that in stable diols the two hydroxyl groups are not attached to the same carbon atom, which of the following is the moleculare formula of a stable diol in which alcohol functional groups are tertiary?
answer
C6H14O2
question
What is the color of pure ethylene gylcol?
answer
Colorless
question
Which of the following is a starting material in the synthesis of nitroglycerin?
answer
1,2,3 propanetriol
question
Which of the following is true about polarities of the C_O and O-H bonds?
answer
Both bonds are polar, but the C-O bond is less polar than the O-H bond.
question
What is the maximum number of hydrogen bonds which can be formed by a single molecule of an alcohol which contains only one hydroxyl group?
answer
3
question
What is the approximate strength of a hydrogen bond i alcohols?
answer
2 to 5 kcal/mol
question
Which of the following compounds is most soluble in water?
answer
1-propanol
question
Which of the following is most soluble in water?
answer
1,3,5-pentanetriol
question
Which of the following alcohols is least soluble in water?
answer
1-octanol
question
Which of the following alcohols has the highest boiling point?
answer
1,3,5-pentanetriol
question
Which of the following has the lowest boiling point?
answer
1-pentanol
question
Of the alcohols with molecular formula C4H9OH, which has the lowest boiling point?
answer
tert-butyl alcohol
question
Which of the following statements about London dispersion forces are true?
answer
Both A and B
question
Which of the following statements concerning the boiling points of isomeric alcohols is true?
answer
The relative boiling points of isomeric alcohols are determined primarily by the different shapes of the molecules.
question
Which of the following classes of compounds react with sodium hydroxide to give water-soluble salt?
answer
Phenols
question
Dehydration of which type of alcohol can never result in a mixture of products?
answer
1 degree
question
OF 1-pentanol,2-pentanol and 3-pentanol, which compound can yield only a single alkene product when dehydrated?
answer
only 1-pentanol
question
Which of the following alcohols will undergo acid-catalyzed dehydration most easily>
answer
2-methyl-2-propanol
question
how many different alkene products(counting cis and trans isomers of a compound as a single product) could be produced when 3-methyl-3-pentanol is dehydrated?
answer
2
question
which of the following is a major product obtained from the dehydration of 2,3-dimethyl-3-pentanol?
answer
2,3-dimethyl-2-pentene
question
How many different alkene products (counting cis and trans isomers of a compound as a single product) could be formed when 2,3-dimethyl-3-pentanol is dehydrated?
answer
3
question
Which of the following alkenes will be the major product when 2-methylcyclohexanol is heated with concentrated sulfuric acid?
answer
In PACKET #47
question
Which of the following describes the products fromed by the dehydration of cis-2-methylcyclopenteanol?
answer
the major product is 1-methylpentene and the minor product is 3-methylcyclopentene
question
Which of these responses describes the products formed by heating the following compound with concentrated sulfuric acid?
answer
The major product is 2-methyl-2-hexene and the minor product is 2-methyl-3-hexene.
question
Which of the following describes the products formed by the dehydration of trans-4-methylcyclohexanol?
answer
the only product is 4-methylcyclohexene
question
which of the alcohols showns below will react when heated with concentrated sulfuric acid to give the following alkene as the major product?
answer
Both A and B
question
Which of the following describes the products formed by dehydration of 2,2,4,4,-tetramethyl-3-pentanol
answer
this is no product since 2,2,4,4,-tetramethyl-3-pentanol does not undergo dehydration.
question
suppose you carried out two reactions in sequence. in the first reaction you hydrated 1-hexene and the second reaction you dehydrated the product(s) of the first reaction. Which of the following would be the major final product?
answer
2-hexene
question
Which of the following is true of the hydration-dehydration equilibrium which exists between alcohols and alkenes under aqueous acidic conditions?
answer
Reaction conditions can be adjusted so that the equilibrium can be used to prepare either alcohols or alkenes in high yields.
question
Which of these compounds is obtained as the major product from the reaction of the following alkene with aqueous sulfuric acid?
answer
In PACKET #55
question
Which definition of oxidation is most useful when considering the oxidation of primary or secondary alcohols?
answer
loss of hydration
question
In which class of compounds is the carbon at the functional group most highly oxidized?
answer
Carboxylic acids
question
In which class of compounds is the carbon at the functional group least highly oxidized?
answer
Alcohols
question
When a primary alcohol is oxidized to a carboxylic acid, an intermediate product is an aldehyde. Which physical property of the aldehyde can be exploited if it is desired to obtain the aldehyde as the reaction product?
answer
Boiling point.
question
If experimental conditions are carefully controlled, aldehydes can be obtained by the oxidation of which of the following?
answer
1? alcohols
question
Ketones can be obtained by the oxidation of which of the following?
answer
2? alcohols
question
Which of the following is obtained from the oxidation of isobutyl alcohol with potassium dichromate in aqueous sulfuric acid?
answer
In PACKET #63
question
Which of the following is obtained from the oxidation of sec-butyl alcohol with potassium dichromate in aqueous sulfuric acid?
answer
neither A nor B
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Which of the following is obtainable by the oxidation of tert-butyl alcohol?
answer
neither A nor B
question
Which of the following reagents was used in the original breath alcohol test used by law enforcement officials?
answer
potassium dichromate
question
What color change is associated with the original breath alcohol test?
answer
reddish orange to green
question
Which of the products listed below can be obtained from the reaction of the following alcohol with sodium dichromate in aqueous sulfuric acid?
answer
In PACKET! #68
question
What is the smallest number of carbon atoms which can be found on an ether?
answer
2
question
What is the smallest number of hydrogen atoms which can be found in a noncyclic ether?
answer
6
question
What is the smallest number of carbon atoms which can be found in an unsymmetrical ether that contains only C, H and a single O atom?
answer
3
question
What is the smallest number of hydrogen atoms which can be found in a noncyclic unsymmetrical ether that contains only C, H and a single O atom?
answer
8
question
What is the approximate C-O-C bond angle in non cyclic ethers?
answer
109?
question
What is the name of the -OCH3 group
answer
methoxy
question
Which of the following would be the IUPAC name for ether commonly called ethyl methyl ether?
answer
Methoxyethane
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What is the common name for the following compound?
answer
isopropyl propyl ether
question
What is the approximate C-O-C bond angle in the cyclic ether ethylene oxide, C2H4O
answer
60?
question
Which of the following is the name for the smallest cyclic ether?
answer
ethylene oxide
question
Which of the following explains why the boiling points of ethers are more similar to those of comparable alkanes than to those of comparable alcohols?
answer
Although ether molecules are polar they cannot form hydrogen bonds to other ether molecules.
question
Which of the following correctly gives the order of boiling points for the molecules propane, dimethyl ether, and ethanol?
answer
ethanol > dimethyl ether > propane
question
Which of the following correctly gives the order of boiling points for the molecules hexane, pentanol, and ethoxypropane?
answer
pentanol > ethoxypropane > hexane
question
Which of the following correctly gives the order of boiling points for the molecules pentanol, ethyl propyl ether, and hexane?
answer
pentanol > ethyl propyl ether > hexane
question
Ethers react readily with which of the following?
answer
NONE OF THESE
question
Which of the following is true of liquid ethers?
answer
They are both volatile and highly flammable.
question
Which of the following ethers was frequently used in the past as an anesthetic?
answer
diethyl ether
question
Which of the following is used today as an inhalation anesthetic??
answer
both A and B
question
Negative side effects of the use of diethyl ether as an anesthetic include which of the following?
answer
irritation of the respiratory passages
question
Two commonly used inhalation anesthetics are Ethrane and Forane. They are two of many isomeric ethers which have the molecular formula C3H2ClF5O. In how many of these isomeric ethers are three F atoms bonded to a single carbon atom?
answer
10
question
Thiols are most closely related to which of the following classes of compounds?
answer
alcohols
question
Which of the following is the IUPAC name for the following compound?
answer
2-methyl-1-propanethiol
question
Which of the following is the common name for following compound
answer
sec-butyl mercaptan
question
What is the IUPAC name of isobutyl mercaptan?
answer
2-methyl-1-propanethiol
question
What is the IUPAC name of sec-butyl mercaptan?
answer
2-methyl-2-propanethiol
question
What is the approximate pKa of a thiol?
answer
10
question
Which of the following explains the fact there is extensive hydrogen bonding in alcohols but little if any in thiols?
answer
sulfur is less electronegative than alcohols
question
Which of the following statements are true? (i) 1-propanethiol has a higher boiling point than 1-propanol (ii) 1-propanethiol has a comparable boiling point to CH3CH2SCH3 (ethyl methyl sulfide) (iii) 1-propanethiol is much more acidic than 1-propanol.
answer
ii and iii only
question
Which of the following is an important biological reaction of thiols?
answer
the oxidation of two thiols to form a disulfide.
question
Which of the following is true of the relationship between thiols and disulfides?
answer
Thiols are easily oxidized to disulfides, and disulfides are easily reduced to thiols.
question
Which of the following statements are true? (i) the pKa of thiols is similar to that to phenols (ii) little or no hydrogen bonding occurs between thiol molecules (iii) thiols and disulfides are important in nucleic acid chemistry
answer
i and ii only
question
The conversion of coal or methane to formaldehyde involves which of the following sequences of reactions?
answer
oxidation, reduction, oxidation
question
Which of the following alcohols is used as an oxygenate additive in gasoline used by conventional road vehicles?
answer
Ethanol
question
Which of the following is an important intermediate in the production of ethylene glycol?
answer
ethylene oxide
question
In addition to its use as an automobile antifreeze, how else is ethylene glycol used?
answer
All the above
question
Rubbing alcohol is made from which of the following precursors?
answer
Propene
question
Which of the following can be obtained using propene as a starting material?
answer
all of these
question
Which of the following is the major source of glycerin used for industrial and commercial purposes?
answer
a multi-step oxidation process from propene
question
How many moles of oxygen are consumed during the complete combustion of one mole of methanol?
answer
1.5
question
How many moles of oxygen are consumed during the complete combustion of one mole of ethanol?
answer
3
question
What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?
answer
ethoxycyclohexane
question
Oxidation of ethers with potassium dichromate gives which of the following types of product?
answer
None of these; ethers do not react with sodium dichromate.
question
Consider the following model. Atoms other than hydrogen and carbon are labeled with the symbol of the element. Which of the following is represented in this structure?
answer
both A and bB
question
Consider the following model. Atoms other than hydrogen and carbon are labeled with the symbol of the element. Which of the following is characteristic of the compound represented by this structure?
answer
all of these
question
Consider the following model. Atoms other than hydrogen and carbon are labeled with the symbol of the element. Which of the following is characteristic of the compound represented by this structure?
answer
Soluble in water
question
Examine the structures represented by the following models. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are indicated by the element symbol.Which is classified as a thiol?
answer
B
question
Which can participate in hydrogen bonding with like molecules?
answer
C
question
Which exhibits London dispersion forces?
answer
all of these
question
Which could react with sulfuric acid to form an alkene?
answer
C
question
Which is likely to be least reactive?
answer
A
question
Which would have an acidic pKa
answer
B
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