Chapter 14 Test Answers – Flashcards
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Which of the following elements is present in thiols but not in alcohols?
answer
S
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Which of the following compounds has an extremely disagreeable odor?
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CH3CH2SH
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What is the geometry at the OH-bearing carbon atom of all alcohols?
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tetrahedral
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What are the approximate bond angles at OH-bearing carbon atom of all alcohols?
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109 degrees
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Which of the following is the IUPAC name of Butyl alcohol?
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1-butanol
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Which of the following is th eIUPAC name of Isobutyl alcohol?
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2-methyl-1-propanol
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Which of the following is the IUPAC name for Sec-butyl alcohol?
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2-butanol
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Which of the following is the IUPAC name of tert-butyl alcohol?
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2-methyl-2-propanol
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What structure represents 4-methylcyclohexanol?
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in PACKET! #12
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Which of the following structures represents 3, 3-dimethyl-1-butanol?
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in PACKET #13
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Which of the following is the common name of 2-methyl-2-propanol?
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tert-butyl alcohol
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What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?
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In PACKET #15
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Which of the following is a complete and correct IUPAC name?
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Cis-3-isoprpylcyclohexanol
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Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name?
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1-isopropylcyclohexanol
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Which of the following statements is true?
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All gylcols are diols
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Which of the following is a gycol?
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HOCH2CH2OH
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Which of the following are gylcols?
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Ch2CH2CH-OHCH2OH In PACKET #20
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Which of the following is true of the alcohol functional groups 1,3-propanediol?
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both are PRIMARY
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Which of the following is true of the alcohol functional groups in 2-methyl-1,2-propanediol?
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One is PRIMARY and one is TERTIARY
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Which of the following is true of the alcohol groups 1,3-butanediol?
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one is PRIMARY one is SECONDARY
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Which of the following is true of the alcohol functional groups 2,3 butanediol?
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both SECONDARY
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Given that in stable diols the two hydroxyl groups are not attached to the same carbon atom, which of the following is the moleculare formula of a stable diol in which alcohol functional groups are tertiary?
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C6H14O2
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What is the color of pure ethylene gylcol?
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Colorless
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Which of the following is a starting material in the synthesis of nitroglycerin?
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1,2,3 propanetriol
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Which of the following is true about polarities of the C_O and O-H bonds?
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Both bonds are polar, but the C-O bond is less polar than the O-H bond.
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What is the maximum number of hydrogen bonds which can be formed by a single molecule of an alcohol which contains only one hydroxyl group?
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3
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What is the approximate strength of a hydrogen bond i alcohols?
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2 to 5 kcal/mol
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Which of the following compounds is most soluble in water?
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1-propanol
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Which of the following is most soluble in water?
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1,3,5-pentanetriol
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Which of the following alcohols is least soluble in water?
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1-octanol
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Which of the following alcohols has the highest boiling point?
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1,3,5-pentanetriol
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Which of the following has the lowest boiling point?
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1-pentanol
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Of the alcohols with molecular formula C4H9OH, which has the lowest boiling point?
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tert-butyl alcohol
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Which of the following statements about London dispersion forces are true?
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Both A and B
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Which of the following statements concerning the boiling points of isomeric alcohols is true?
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The relative boiling points of isomeric alcohols are determined primarily by the different shapes of the molecules.
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Which of the following classes of compounds react with sodium hydroxide to give water-soluble salt?
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Phenols
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Dehydration of which type of alcohol can never result in a mixture of products?
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1 degree
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OF 1-pentanol,2-pentanol and 3-pentanol, which compound can yield only a single alkene product when dehydrated?
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only 1-pentanol
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Which of the following alcohols will undergo acid-catalyzed dehydration most easily>
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2-methyl-2-propanol
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how many different alkene products(counting cis and trans isomers of a compound as a single product) could be produced when 3-methyl-3-pentanol is dehydrated?
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2
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which of the following is a major product obtained from the dehydration of 2,3-dimethyl-3-pentanol?
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2,3-dimethyl-2-pentene
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How many different alkene products (counting cis and trans isomers of a compound as a single product) could be formed when 2,3-dimethyl-3-pentanol is dehydrated?
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3
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Which of the following alkenes will be the major product when 2-methylcyclohexanol is heated with concentrated sulfuric acid?
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In PACKET #47
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Which of the following describes the products fromed by the dehydration of cis-2-methylcyclopenteanol?
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the major product is 1-methylpentene and the minor product is 3-methylcyclopentene
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Which of these responses describes the products formed by heating the following compound with concentrated sulfuric acid?
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The major product is 2-methyl-2-hexene and the minor product is 2-methyl-3-hexene.
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Which of the following describes the products formed by the dehydration of trans-4-methylcyclohexanol?
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the only product is 4-methylcyclohexene
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which of the alcohols showns below will react when heated with concentrated sulfuric acid to give the following alkene as the major product?
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Both A and B
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Which of the following describes the products formed by dehydration of 2,2,4,4,-tetramethyl-3-pentanol
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this is no product since 2,2,4,4,-tetramethyl-3-pentanol does not undergo dehydration.
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suppose you carried out two reactions in sequence. in the first reaction you hydrated 1-hexene and the second reaction you dehydrated the product(s) of the first reaction. Which of the following would be the major final product?
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2-hexene
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Which of the following is true of the hydration-dehydration equilibrium which exists between alcohols and alkenes under aqueous acidic conditions?
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Reaction conditions can be adjusted so that the equilibrium can be used to prepare either alcohols or alkenes in high yields.
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Which of these compounds is obtained as the major product from the reaction of the following alkene with aqueous sulfuric acid?
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In PACKET #55
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Which definition of oxidation is most useful when considering the oxidation of primary or secondary alcohols?
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loss of hydration
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In which class of compounds is the carbon at the functional group most highly oxidized?
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Carboxylic acids
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In which class of compounds is the carbon at the functional group least highly oxidized?
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Alcohols
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When a primary alcohol is oxidized to a carboxylic acid, an intermediate product is an aldehyde. Which physical property of the aldehyde can be exploited if it is desired to obtain the aldehyde as the reaction product?
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Boiling point.
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If experimental conditions are carefully controlled, aldehydes can be obtained by the oxidation of which of the following?
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1? alcohols
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Ketones can be obtained by the oxidation of which of the following?
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2? alcohols
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Which of the following is obtained from the oxidation of isobutyl alcohol with potassium dichromate in aqueous sulfuric acid?
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In PACKET #63
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Which of the following is obtained from the oxidation of sec-butyl alcohol with potassium dichromate in aqueous sulfuric acid?
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neither A nor B
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Which of the following is obtainable by the oxidation of tert-butyl alcohol?
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neither A nor B
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Which of the following reagents was used in the original breath alcohol test used by law enforcement officials?
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potassium dichromate
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What color change is associated with the original breath alcohol test?
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reddish orange to green
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Which of the products listed below can be obtained from the reaction of the following alcohol with sodium dichromate in aqueous sulfuric acid?
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In PACKET! #68
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What is the smallest number of carbon atoms which can be found on an ether?
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2
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What is the smallest number of hydrogen atoms which can be found in a noncyclic ether?
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6
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What is the smallest number of carbon atoms which can be found in an unsymmetrical ether that contains only C, H and a single O atom?
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3
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What is the smallest number of hydrogen atoms which can be found in a noncyclic unsymmetrical ether that contains only C, H and a single O atom?
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8
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What is the approximate C-O-C bond angle in non cyclic ethers?
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109?
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What is the name of the -OCH3 group
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methoxy
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Which of the following would be the IUPAC name for ether commonly called ethyl methyl ether?
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Methoxyethane
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What is the common name for the following compound?
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isopropyl propyl ether
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What is the approximate C-O-C bond angle in the cyclic ether ethylene oxide, C2H4O
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60?
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Which of the following is the name for the smallest cyclic ether?
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ethylene oxide
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Which of the following explains why the boiling points of ethers are more similar to those of comparable alkanes than to those of comparable alcohols?
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Although ether molecules are polar they cannot form hydrogen bonds to other ether molecules.
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Which of the following correctly gives the order of boiling points for the molecules propane, dimethyl ether, and ethanol?
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ethanol > dimethyl ether > propane
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Which of the following correctly gives the order of boiling points for the molecules hexane, pentanol, and ethoxypropane?
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pentanol > ethoxypropane > hexane
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Which of the following correctly gives the order of boiling points for the molecules pentanol, ethyl propyl ether, and hexane?
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pentanol > ethyl propyl ether > hexane
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Ethers react readily with which of the following?
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NONE OF THESE
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Which of the following is true of liquid ethers?
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They are both volatile and highly flammable.
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Which of the following ethers was frequently used in the past as an anesthetic?
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diethyl ether
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Which of the following is used today as an inhalation anesthetic??
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both A and B
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Negative side effects of the use of diethyl ether as an anesthetic include which of the following?
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irritation of the respiratory passages
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Two commonly used inhalation anesthetics are Ethrane and Forane. They are two of many isomeric ethers which have the molecular formula C3H2ClF5O. In how many of these isomeric ethers are three F atoms bonded to a single carbon atom?
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10
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Thiols are most closely related to which of the following classes of compounds?
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alcohols
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Which of the following is the IUPAC name for the following compound?
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2-methyl-1-propanethiol
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Which of the following is the common name for following compound
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sec-butyl mercaptan
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What is the IUPAC name of isobutyl mercaptan?
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2-methyl-1-propanethiol
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What is the IUPAC name of sec-butyl mercaptan?
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2-methyl-2-propanethiol
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What is the approximate pKa of a thiol?
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10
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Which of the following explains the fact there is extensive hydrogen bonding in alcohols but little if any in thiols?
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sulfur is less electronegative than alcohols
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Which of the following statements are true? (i) 1-propanethiol has a higher boiling point than 1-propanol (ii) 1-propanethiol has a comparable boiling point to CH3CH2SCH3 (ethyl methyl sulfide) (iii) 1-propanethiol is much more acidic than 1-propanol.
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ii and iii only
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Which of the following is an important biological reaction of thiols?
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the oxidation of two thiols to form a disulfide.
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Which of the following is true of the relationship between thiols and disulfides?
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Thiols are easily oxidized to disulfides, and disulfides are easily reduced to thiols.
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Which of the following statements are true? (i) the pKa of thiols is similar to that to phenols (ii) little or no hydrogen bonding occurs between thiol molecules (iii) thiols and disulfides are important in nucleic acid chemistry
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i and ii only
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The conversion of coal or methane to formaldehyde involves which of the following sequences of reactions?
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oxidation, reduction, oxidation
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Which of the following alcohols is used as an oxygenate additive in gasoline used by conventional road vehicles?
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Ethanol
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Which of the following is an important intermediate in the production of ethylene glycol?
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ethylene oxide
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In addition to its use as an automobile antifreeze, how else is ethylene glycol used?
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All the above
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Rubbing alcohol is made from which of the following precursors?
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Propene
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Which of the following can be obtained using propene as a starting material?
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all of these
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Which of the following is the major source of glycerin used for industrial and commercial purposes?
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a multi-step oxidation process from propene
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How many moles of oxygen are consumed during the complete combustion of one mole of methanol?
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1.5
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How many moles of oxygen are consumed during the complete combustion of one mole of ethanol?
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3
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What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?
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ethoxycyclohexane
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Oxidation of ethers with potassium dichromate gives which of the following types of product?
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None of these; ethers do not react with sodium dichromate.
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Consider the following model. Atoms other than hydrogen and carbon are labeled with the symbol of the element. Which of the following is represented in this structure?
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both A and bB
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Consider the following model. Atoms other than hydrogen and carbon are labeled with the symbol of the element. Which of the following is characteristic of the compound represented by this structure?
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all of these
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Consider the following model. Atoms other than hydrogen and carbon are labeled with the symbol of the element. Which of the following is characteristic of the compound represented by this structure?
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Soluble in water
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Examine the structures represented by the following models. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are indicated by the element symbol.Which is classified as a thiol?
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B
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Which can participate in hydrogen bonding with like molecules?
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C
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Which exhibits London dispersion forces?
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all of these
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Which could react with sulfuric acid to form an alkene?
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C
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Which is likely to be least reactive?
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A
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Which would have an acidic pKa
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B
