question

Which of the following concepts refers to a religious organization that is largely outside a society's cultural traditions?

answer

Cult

question

Karl Marx pointed out the many positive functions of religion for social life.

answer

False

question

In vitro fertilization refers to conception by an unmarried couple.

answer

False

question

A religious organization that is well integrated into the larger society is called

answer

church

question

Regardless of race, families headed by a single women are

answer

at high risk for poverty

question

Most people in the United States who divorce

answer

remarry within five years

question

What do the sacred texts of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam have in common?

answer

Support for patriarchy

question

More than half of people in the United States who divorce remarry, most within four years.

answer

True

question

Compared to what it was a century ago, the U.S. divorce rate is now

answer

about three times higher.

question

The dominant residential form in the United States is neolocality

answer

True

question

What is the effect of industrialization on the number of children in a typical family?

answer

Families have fewer children

question

One of the functions of religion for society is to operate as a system of social control.

answer

true

question

People in the United States today are more accepting of divorce than they were a century ago.

answer

True

question

Which of the following nations stands out as the most religious of all high-income countries?

answer

The United States

question

In most African nations, about what percentage of people in the United States claim to believe in a divine power?

answer

90 percent

question

On national surveys, about what percentage of people in the United States claim to believe in divine power?

answer

90 percent

question

Faith is a way of knowing based on

answer

conviction or belief in things unseen.

question

The claim that the United States is a post-denomination society is based on a movement ________

answer

supporting spiritualism, but away from formal denominations.

question

Men are more likely to be killed by a spouse, partner, or ex-partner than women.

answer

False

question

Among American Indians who migrate from reservations to cities, a common pattern is

answer

all of these responses are correct

question

Grandmothers have an especially important role in African American families

answer

True

question

The concept of "patrilocality" refers to

answer

a residential pattern by which a married couple lives near the husband's family

question

Another name for the extended family is the conjugal family

answer

false

question

Which of the following would you expect to be the least stable type of religious organizations?

answer

cult

question

Following structural-functional theory, the family

answer

is important enough to be called the backbone of society

question

Which of the following concepts was used by Emile Durkheim to refer to an object in the natural world collectively defined as sacred?

answer

Totem

question

Although science has great importance in modern societies, religion continues because

answer

science says nothing about the ultimate meaning of life.

question

As the official Church of England, the Anglican Church is best described as a

answer

state church

question

Assume you were visiting a society in which people traced family ties only through women. This society would correctly be called

answer

matrilineal

question

Which sociologist claimed that religion turned people's attention away from social inequality in the world?

answer

Karl Marx

question

Jessie Bernard claimed that women would be happier in marriage if men did not expect them to do almost all the housework

answer

true

question

In 1950, 90 percent of U.S. households were families, meaning that they contained two or more people related by blood, marriage, or adoption. In 2009, ___________ of U.S. households were families.

answer

67 percent

question

The family is a social institution that is found in

answer

every human society

question

Which of the following categories of our population has the highest share of female-headed households?

answer

African Americans

question

The concept "sacred" refers to the familiar, everyday elements of life.

answer

false

question

One concern about the great importance most people in the United States give to romantic love as the basis of marriage is that

answer

romantic love can fade, which may contribute to our nation's high divorce rate.

question

Which of the following people would you pick as being the highest risk of divorce?

answer

a young couple who marry after a short courtship

question

Bilateral descent is found in societies that have a relatively high level of gender equality.

answer

true

question

In the United States, a slight majority of adults claim to be

answer

protestant

question

Which of the following factors is NOT a reason for the long-term upward trend in divorce rates?

answer

Today's women are more economically dependent on men.

question

A cult is a religious organization largely outside of a society's cultural traditions.

answer

true

question

Read the four statements below. Which of the four is NOT a trait of religious fundamentalism?

answer

Accepting religious pluralism

question

Max Weber argued that the rise of industrial capitalism was encouraged by Calvinist religious doctrine.

answer

True

question

Durkheim explained that what people understand as profane are things

answer

that are common to everyday life

question

Churches place greater importance on the personal experience of conversion than sects do.

answer

false

question

Describing the lives of working-class women, Lillian Rubin reported that the typical woman said she wanted a husband who

answer

had a steady job and was not violent

question

As of 2010, seven countries have national laws that permit same-sex marriage-both in name and in practice. Which of the following is NOT one of the seven?

answer

The United States

question

Emile Durkheim pointed to three functions of religion for society. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

answer

Fostering social conflict

question

In 1989, which country became the first to permit legal same-sex partnerships with many of the benefits of marriage?

answer

Denmark

question

Most cohabiting parents continue to live together with their children until the children reach adulthood.

answer

false

question

Looking ahead twenty years in the United States, we can predict with confidence that

answer

family life will be diverse

question

Typically, industrial societies make use of which of the following systems to trace ancestry?

answer

Bilateral descent

question

In the United States, family violence is

answer

a serious often criminal problem.

question

The concept "homogamy" means that

answer

people marry others who are socially like themselves

question

Most research suggests that growing up in a one-parent family disadvantages children.

answer

true

question

A system of marriage that unites only two partners is called

answer

monogamy

question

Which of the following concepts refers to the fusion of Christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character?

answer

Liberation theology

question

A sect is a type of religious organization that

answer

stands apart from the larger society

question

Mounting research suggests that cohabitation

answer

may actually discourage marriage because people get used to low-commitment relationships

question

Which of the following religious organizations began as a cult?

answer

all of these responses are correct

question

Guided by the symbolic-interaction approach, sociologists examine

answer

all of these are correct

question

Which of the following is an example of civil religion?

answer

patriotism

question

Jane is a woman married to one man. When she took a sociology course, she discovered that such marriages are described as

answer

monogamy

question

Patterns that describe many Latino families include

answer

all of these are correct

question

In most African nations, the law permits a man to have more than one wife.

answer

true

question

Animism is the belief that

answer

everything in the world is a conscious, living force that is able to affect us.

question

A family composed of one or two parents and their children is called

answer

a nuclear family

question

Looking for evidence about how much the traditional family is eroding, you might point to the fact that

answer

all of these are correct

question

The incest taboo

answer

is found in all societies

question

One of the functions of religion for society is to operate as a system of social control.

answer

true

question

In the United States, members of some religion denominations (such as Episcopalians) have higher average social standing than others (such as baptist)

answer

true

question

The recent trend in racially mixed marriages has been

answer

upward-the numbers are increasing

question

More than half of people in the United States who divorce remarry, most within four years

answer

true

question

A family that includes parents, children and other kin is called

answer

an extended family

question

Kinship is based on a common ancestry, marriage, or adoption.

answer

true

question

Supporters of liberation theology hope that this social movement will achieve which of the following goals?

answer

reducing social inequality and, especially, poverty

question

In the United States, people who hold fundamentalist beliefs generally support traditional, otherworldly religion.

answer

true

question

State churches are found in societies that hold to the "separation of church and state."

answer

false

question

A charismatic leader is most likely to be found in which of the following?

answer

cult

question

Which of the following people would you pick as being at the highest risk of divorce?

answer

a young couple who marry after a short courtship

question

An analysis of how religion supports the interests of a society's elites would fall under which of the following theoretical approaches?

answer

social-conflict approach

question

Emile Durkheim pointed out three societal functions of religion. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

answer

increasing social conflict

question

Most sociologists agree that

answer

religion will remain an important part of U.S. society

question

The symbolic-interaction approach treats religion as socially constructed meaning that provides greater certainty and security for our lives.

answer

true

question

Animism is closely associated with which of the following societies?

answer

Native American societies

question

Karl Marx pointed out the many positive functions of religion for social life

answer

false

question

In the United States, being more religious is linked to

answer

lower risk of juvenile delinquency

question

The family is a social institution that is found in

answer

every human society

question

When all the evidence is considered, about what share of the U.S. population is really at least somewhat religious?

answer

one-third

question

Over the course of the last century, in high-income nations such as the United States, families have become

answer

more egalitarian with regard to gender

question

Max Weber carried out historical analysis of the rise of the Industrial Revolution and capitalism that linked this change to

answer

religious values and beliefs, especially those associated with Calvinism

question

The concept "empty nest" refers to

answer

families whose children have grown and left the home

question

Karl Marx believed that religion

answer

reinforces patterns of social inequality

question

"Seekers" who pursue "New Age" spiritually believe that everything and everyone is connected by a divine force or plan

answer

true

question

Social class affects what women say they expect in a husband

answer

true

question

A totem is any object defined by members of a society as profane

answer

false

question

African Americans and Asian Americans show significant differences in typical family form.

answer

true

question

Emile Durkheim claimed that, in religious life, people celebrate the awesome power of their society.

answer

true

question

Charisma is a personal quality that lets someone attract others as followers.

answer

true

question

Singlehood is gaining popularity among young people in the United States

answer

true

question

In 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that same-sex marriage must be permitted by law throughout the United States.

answer

True

question

The concept "civil religion" refers to tolerating practices and beliefs that differ form your own.

answer

false

question

Structural-functional theory points out how family perpetuates social inequality.

answer

false

question

In general, industrialization tends to change the dominant family form from

answer

extended families to nuclear families

question

______________ refers to the fusion of Christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character.

answer

Liberation theology

question

Following Max Weber's analysis of religion, we could say industrial capitalism is

answer

disenchanted religion

question

Feminist theory links the operation of the family to patriarchy.

answer

true

question

In the United States, the Amish would be an example of a

answer

sect

question

Exogamy means that parents of similar social position pass on their standing to their children.

answer

false

question

The text identifies one region of the world where arranged marriage, although illegal, still takes place in rural areas. That global region is

answer

India and Sri Lanka

question

Over the course of its history, the Roman Catholic Church has been a

answer

all of these things listed here in varying times and places

question

The concept "endogamy" refers to marriage between

answer

people of the same social category

question

a social institution found in all societies that unites people in cooperative groups to care for one another, including children

answer

family

question

a social bond based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption.

answer

kinship

question

a legal relationship, usually involving economic cooperation, sexual activity, and childbearing.

answer

marriage

question

a family composed of parents and children as well as other kin; also known as a consanguine family

answer

extended family

question

a family composed of one or two parents and their children; also known as a conjugal family

answer

nuclear family

question

marriage between people of different social categories.

answer

Exogamy

Chapter 13 Sociology – Flashcards

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