Chapter 12 Assessment
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A patient whose mental status can be described as​ \"verbal\" is able​ to: A. talk spontaneously and respond to the​ EMT's questions. B. respond only to a stimulus such as the EMT rubbing his sternum with his knuckles. C. tell you his or her​ name, his or her​ location, and what day it is. D. respond to speaking or shouting by opening the eyes.
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D
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Which of the following presentations would be considered normal during the​ \"Breathing\" phase of the primary​ assessment? A. Respiratory rate of 12 with adequate depth B. Respiratory rate of 28 with adequate depth C. Respiratory rate of 6 with shallow depth D. Respiratory rate of 16 with altered mental status
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A
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Which of the following is the proper position for maintaining the airway in a child with a decreased level of​ consciousness? A. Using a cervical collar to keep the chin elevated B. Flexing the neck to place the chin on the chest C. Hyperextension of the neck D. Placing the head and neck in a neutral position
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D
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You care caring for a patient that looks at you as you approach. Which of the following represents the correct order of assessment for the EMT during the primary assessment from start to​ end? A. Patient​ priority, general​ impression, mental​ status, airway,​ breathing, circulation B. General​ impression, mental​ status, airway,​ breathing, circulation, patient priority C. Mental​ status, general​ impression, airway,​ breathing, circulation, patient priority D. None of the above
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B
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In the primary​ assessment, which of the following is NOT an acceptable method of assessing the​ patient's circulatory​ status? A. Taking a blood pressure reading B. Assessing the​ patient's skin color C. Checking a radial pulse D. Looking for serious bleeding
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A
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You are approaching a young adult male lying supine on the ground with his eyes closed. You should​ FIRST: A. expose his chest. B. feel for a pulse. C. open his airway. D. ask him if he is okay.
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D
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Which of the following is completed first during the primary​ assessment? A. Assessing mental status B. Opening the airway C. Determining transport priority D. Forming a general impression
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D
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The mnemonic AVPU is used to evaluate which of the​ following? A. ​Patient's transport priority B. ​Patient's level of responsiveness C. ​EMT's general impression of the​ patient's condition D. ​Patient's chief complaintQ
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B
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Which of the following findings is generally NOT used to assess an​ adult's circulation? A. Evaluation for bleeding B. ​Patient's skin​ color, temperature, and condition C. ​Patient's distal pulse rate D. ​Patient's capillary refill time
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D
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Your partner is assessing a​ 55-year-old man who was found sitting on the tailgate of his truck after being involved in a motor vehicle collision. You should​ FIRST: A. lay the patient down in the truck bed. B. instruct the patient to stand up. C. assist the patient to the stretcher. D. manually immobilize the cervical spine.
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D
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Which of the following is the purpose of the primary​ assessment? A. To detect and treat immediately​ life-threatening problems B. To find all of the​ patient's signs and symptoms C. To discover trends of improvement or deterioration in the​ patient's condition D. To detect dangers to the patient​ and/or EMS crew
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A
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Which of the following is NOT assessed during the​ \"Breathing\" phase of the primary​ assessment? A. Obtaining a pulse oximetry reading B. Determining the presence of respirations C. Counting the respiratory rate D. Determining the depth of respiration
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A
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Your patient is a​ 72-year-old female who has​ \"twisted her​ ankle\" coming down some steps. She is alert and complaining of pain in her right​ ankle, but she jokes about her​ \"clumsiness.\" Which of the following should you do​ next? A. Administer​ high-concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask. B. Determine the presence of a carotid pulse. C. Ask if the patient has pain anywhere besides her ankle. D. Take immediate manual control of the​ patient's cervical spine.
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C
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You are approaching an adult female lying supine on the ground with snoring respirations. You should​ FIRST: A. insert an oropharyngeal airway. B. ventilate with a​ bag-valve mask. C. open her airway with a​ jaw-thrust maneuver. D. insert a nasopharyngeal airway.
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C
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Which of the following describes the chief​ complaint? A. Reason why the patient summoned EMS B. Events immediately preceding the call for EMS C. Overall impression of the​ patient's condition D. All of the above
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A
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In​ EMS, what does mental status refer​ to? A. Any history of mental illness that the patient may have B. ​Patient's level of awareness of his surroundings C. ​Patient's general level of intelligence D. None of the above
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B
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Which of the following is true concerning the primary​ assessment? A. Manual airway maneuvers must be performed on all patients. B. External bleeding will be obvious as you enter the room and initially see the patient. C. The EMT should perform a sternal rub on all patients to test for response to painful stimuli. D. The primary assessment begins by just observing the patient as you enter the room.
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D
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Your patient is a​ 33-year-old man who has been ejected from his vehicle during a​ high-speed collision. During your primary assessment it is discovered that he is not​ moving, does not appear to have adequate​ respirations, and has suffered moderate external bleeding. Which of the following should be done​ first? A. Open the airway. B. Control the bleeding with direct pressure. C. Begin​ bag-valve-mask ventilations. D. Check the​ patient's carotid pulse.
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A
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Your patient is a​ 42-year-old woman who fell two feet from a ladder and is complaining of pain in her ankle. Which of the following are you unable to determine from the information​ given? A. Airway status B. Chief complaint C. Transport priority D. General impression
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C
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Your patient is a​ middle-aged man who appears to be in distress and is clutching his chest. These observations lead you to suspect which type of​ problem? A. Anaphylaxis B. Choking C. Cardiac D. Digestive
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C
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Which of the following is the correct manner for checking for responsiveness in an apparently unresponsive​ infant? A. Shaking the child B. Rubbing the sternum with your knuckles C. Pinching the earlobe D. Flicking the soles of the feet
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D
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Which of the following techniques is used when formulating the general​ impression? A. Detecting odors B. Listening for unusual sounds C. Looking for visual clues D. All of the above
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D
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Which of the following differences should be expected when assessing a pediatric​ patient, as compared to the adult​ patient? A. The normal respiratory rate is faster. B. An​ adult's tongue is proportionally larger than that of a child and should always be considered as a potential airway obstruction. C. The normal pulse rate is slower. D. Capillary refill is not as reliable an indicator of circulatory status.
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A
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Which of the following is a good indication of an occluded​ airway? A. The patient is crying loudly. B. The patient has snoring respirations. C. The patient is alert. D. The patient is speaking clearly.
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B
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What BEST defines the immediate sense of the​ patient's degree of​ distress, formulated from the​ patient's immediate​ environment, appearance, and chief​ complaint? A. Scene​ size-up B. Secondary assessment C. Primary assessment D. General impression
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D
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Which of the following indicates a possible circulatory​ problem? A. ​Weak, thready pulse that is normal in rate B. Slow pulse C. Rapid pulse D. All of the above
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D
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You enter a room to find a​ 16-year-old female sitting upright in a chair with her back​ straight, leaning​ forward, and her arms supporting her. She is having a hard time talking to you. You should​ suspect: A. abdominal pain. B. respiratory distress. C. allergic reaction. D. chest discomfort.
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B
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You are at the scene where a​ 19-year-old female college student has been drinking large quantities of alcohol throughout the evening. On your​ arrival, the patient is lying on her back with no signs of​ trauma, has​ vomited, and has​ slow, wet sounding respirations. Which of the following should you do​ next? A. Check for carotid and radial pulses. B. Open the​ patient's airway using a​ head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver. C. Assist respirations with a​ bag-valve-mask device. D. Determine the respiratory rate.
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B
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Which of the following questions will most likely illicit your​ patient's chief​ complaint? A. What made you call 911 this​ evening? B. Do you have any medical​ problems? C. How have you been feeling​ lately? D. Have you been drinking​ today?
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A
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In​ EMS, which of the following BEST describes the term intervention​? A. Taking steps to correct a problem B. Determining if there is a problem C. Decreasing the​ EMT's liability for negligence D. Creating a permanent record of patient care
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A
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You are approaching a​ 16-year-old male with bright red spurting blood coming from his leg. He is​ screaming, and he begs you to help him. You should​ FIRST: A. assess his airway. B. control the bleeding. C. apply oxygen. D. ask him to calm down.
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B
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Which of the following BEST describes an EMS​ provider's \"sixth​ sense\"? A. Scene safety B. Diagnostic ability C. General impression D. Clinical judgment
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D
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You find a teenage male lying supine in his bedroom. You hear gurgling sounds from the​ patient's mouth and see vomit with pill fragments on the floor. You should​ FIRST: A. suction the airway. B. ventilate with oxygen. C. perform chest thrusts. D. identify the pills.
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A
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Which of the following is true regarding a patient who has a mental status of less than​ \"alert\"? A. His brain may not be getting enough oxygen. B. His condition does not indicate the need for oxygen. C. He is likely in a state of REM sleep. D. He has adequate circulation.
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A
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Which of the following is NOT performed during the​ \"Airway\" phase of the primary​ assessment? A. Insertion of an oropharyngeal airway B. ​Head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver C. Obtaining the respiratory rate D. Suctioning
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C
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Which of the following is NOT part of the general​ impression? A. Position in which the patient is found B. ​Patient's age and race C. ​Patient's facial expression D. ​Patient's past medical history
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D
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For which of the following patients would capillary refill be a reliable sign of circulatory​ status? A. ​92-year-old man complaining of weakness on his right side B. ​24-year-old homeless man who has spent the night outside in the rain C. ​3-year-old child with a fever and cough D. ​50-year-old woman complaining of chest pain
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C
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What is a normal capillary refill time in a pediatric​ patient? A. 1 minute B. less than 2 seconds C. 3 seconds D. 5 seconds
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B
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You have arrived on the scene at a high school football field where a​ 17-year-old male is lying on the ground. He is unresponsive and​ cyanotic, and he is making obvious respiratory effort without moving adequate amounts of air. Which of the following should be done​ first? A. Insert a nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airway. B. Open the​ patient's airway using a manual maneuver. C. Assist ventilations with a​ bag-valve-mask device and supplemental oxygen. D. Apply​ high-concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask.
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B
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During the primary assessment of a responsive adult​ patient, where should the pulse be​ checked? A. At the brachial artery B. At the femoral artery C. At the carotid artery D. At the radial artery
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D
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Which of the following is the most reliable means of determining whether a patient has any immediately​ life-threatening conditions? A. Obtaining a detailed medical history B. Use of intuition C. Systematic approach to assessment D. Thorough scene​ size-up
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C
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You find a​ middle-aged unresponsive man lying prone on the ground near a ladder. You should​ FIRST: A. manually immobilize his head. B. move the ladder out of the way. C. pick him up with a scoop stretcher. D. roll him over to a supine position.
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A
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During the primary assessment of an unresponsive​ two-month old​ infant, which pulse should be​ palpated? A. Brachial B. Radial C. Umbilical D. Carotid
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A
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Which of the following patients is a high priority for​ transport? A. Pediatric patient with abrasions to both knees from a fall B. High school student with dizziness after giving blood C. Adult female with knee pain D. Adult male with difficulty breathing
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D
