question

public interest and involvement in politics grew in the U.S. after 1820 because of a growing

answer

conviction that government should promote the economic well-being of society

question

in the presidential election of 1824

answer

the house of representatives chose the president, because no candidate received a majority of the popular vote

question

as president john quincy adams

answer

proposed a broad program for manufacturing, agriculture, and the arts

question

which of the following statements concerning equality in jacksonian america is NOT true

answer

because political leaders had to appeal to an expended electorate, campaigns became less boisterous and more focused on specific policy issues

question

the process, championed by John Ross, whereby the Cherokees created a constitution, adopted white ways, and began selling their surplus crops was known as

answer

accommodation

question

three major issues dominated Jackson's administration, all the result of the nation's rapid geographic and economic expansion. which of the following is NOT one of these three issues

answer

controls on both slave and free black communities

question

jackson's popularity was derived not only from defeating the british but also from

answer

his opening extensive tracts of indian lands to white settlement

question

which of the following statements best describes the attitude of Jacksonian Democrats toward slavery and blacks

answer

they accepted the institution of slavery in the south and opposed rights for free blacks in the north

question

which of the following leaders advocated the idea of state nullification in order to oppose the tariff

answer

john c. calhoun

question

Daniel Webster refuted Calhoun's theory of american government by arguing that

answer

the constitution was created by "the people" and not as a compact among the separate states

question

which of the following statements about the nullification crisis of 1832 is FALSE

answer

jackson eventually backed down from the controversy and gave in completely to south Carolina's demands

question

which of the following statements concerning the bank of the united states is true

answer

andrew jackson hated it because he thought it was an agent of special privilege and he vetoed the bill to recharter it

question

within only two months of taking office, president martin van burn ran into trouble because of

answer

a business panic that became a lingering depression

question

which of the following groups played a rather surprising role in the whig campaign in 1840

answer

women

question

in the Jacksonian party system

answer

the whigs supported a very active role for government; the democrats generally favored a limited government

question

what distinguished the new political system of the 1820s from that of the early american republic

answer

mass electioneering

question

why did most states eliminate property qualifications for voters, and even for candidates, in the 1820s and the 1830s

answer

they felt the pressure of citizens championing the will of the people

question

which of the following best describes the political vision of john quincy adams

answer

viewing the government as the promoter of economy and culture

question

which of the following is a feature of american politics as it has been practiced since the days of andrew jackson

answer

more emphasis on a candidate's personality than on issues

question

which of the following was an example of a way in which the cherokee had embraced southern white culture

answer

they, too, forbade the intermarriage of blacks with those of their race

question

how many free blacks lived in the united states in 1840

answer

171,000

question

what accounted for the economic troubles of south carolina in the 1820s?

answer

the panic of 1819 and soil exhaustion

question

what did critics think of the role of the second bank of the united states in the panic of 1819

answer

they considered it the cause of the crisis

question

in 1829, there were 329 banks in the united states, how many were there in 1837, the year after the end of the second bank of the united states

answer

almost 800

question

in 1849, whigs had the strongest support

answer

in cities

question

why did evangelicals in america abandon their old belief that god had already determined who was damned and who was saved

answer

the notion clashed with the revolutionary faith in human agency and reason

question

evangelical black churches grew in the north even as they were being suppressed in the south after 1820. the most important of the new black independent churches was the

answer

african methodist episcopal church

question

which of the following is NOT an accurate statement concerning the significance of the second great awakening

answer

it reinforced the sense of pessimism and guilt that was present in america at the time

question

the ideal of domesticity

answer

held that women's sphere was the home and family

question

who supported women's education and argued that women exercised power as moral guardians of the nations future

answer

catharine beecher

question

with respect to the middle-class family after 1820, all of the following explain the decline in family size in general and in the birth rate in particular EXCEPT

answer

a view of family more geared to functional usefulness than affection

question

romanticism

answer

considered emotion as the source of truth

question

transcendentalism

answer

sought to rise above reason through individualist spiritual communion with nature

question

robert owen recruited followers for his program to reform society by teaching that

answer

shared property and equality of work division would foster tolerant people

question

which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about Mormonism

answer

Mormons believed in a strict seperation of church and state

question

what was the essential conviction of William Lloyd Garrison about slavery

answer

it was a sin

question

why was the loose network of antislavery sympathizers who conveyed runaway slaves north to freedom known as the underground railroad

answer

runaway slaves were directed by conductors from one "station" to the next

question

seneca falls, new york, was the site of

answer

the first major women's rights convention

question

the gag rule of 1836

answer

tabled any congressional discussion of slavery

question

what was the platform of the liberty party in 1840

answer

abolition

question

before 1800, most american evangelicals embraced the doctrines of

answer

calvinism

question

the first african american evangelical church, the african methodist episcopal church, emerged in 1816 in

answer

philadelphia

question

how did americans think about liquor during much of the eighteenth century

answer

it was part of their diet

question

in 1815, there were 150,000 catholics in the united states. how many were there in 1830

answer

300,000

question

why did henry David Thoreau live alone in a cabin on the edge of walden pond in concord, massachusetts, for sixteen months in 1845

answer

he wanted to demonstrate the advantages of self-reliance

question

where did the mormon faith first emerge in 1827

answer

palmyra, new york

question

antislavery activist and quaker benjamin lundy advocated all of the following except

answer

racial equality

question

in which town did a mob seize William Lloyd Garrison in 1835 to parade him around with a rope tied around his body?

answer

Boston

question

why did the national parties not pay much attention to the women's suffrage movement

answer

most advocates of suffrage could not vote for either party anyway

question

which of the following did NOT oppose Garrisonian abolitionism

answer

women, whom Garrison alienated when he refused to link the antislavery cause to women's rights

question

where was the black belt region described in the text located

answer

in central alabama, in the heart of deep south, where the rich soil was ideal for cotton

question

manufacturing lagged in the south because

answer

high profits from agriculture discouraged other possible investments

question

which statement best summarizes the effects of slavery on the southern economy

answer

it retarded southern development and led to economic dependency on the north

question

which of the following was not true about slavery as a labor system

answer

as slavery spread into the deep south, wealth and power became more equally shared among the various classes of white southerns

question

the slave population concentrated in all of the following places EXCEPT

answer

the upper south

question

the tidewater planter ______, while the planter of the deep south ______.

answer

aspired to the ideal of the english country gentleman; was an entrepreneur bound on making a fortune

question

Yeoman farmers in the south

answer

suffered from isolation, a limited market, and chronic money shortage

question

what group was vehemently opposed to ending slavery even though they sometimes traded with slaves and keenly resented planters

answer

poor whites

question

in terms of sheer number, which of the following groups made up the backbone of southern society

answer

yeoman farmers who owned no slaves

question

the gang and task systems

answer

were the two main ways of organizing slave labor

question

nat turner

answer

led a slave revolt despite enjoying relatively humane treatment by his master

question

the slave family

answer

usually consisted of the nuclear unit (father, mother, and their children), but often was part of larger kinship networks

question

in the 1830s, reacting to Nat Turner's rebellion and the growing abolitionist movement, southern slaveholders developed the argument that slavery was a positive good. which of the following assertions was NOT part of their proslavery argument

answer

slavery's opponents could build no persuasive argument against it

question

after 1830, southerns defended slavery more aggressively for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

answer

a perceived decline in souther influence in national politics

question

the Virginia debate of 1832

answer

was the last significant attempt by white southerns to take action against slavery

question

which of the following poised the biggest danger to cotton crops in the antebellum south

answer

army worms

question

why did slaveholders in the upper south sell their slaves during the antebellum years

answer

their new crops of wheat and corn required less labor and left slaves idle

question

which of the following represented the largest capital investment in the antebellum south

answer

slaves

question

texan cotton planters in the antebellum south showed all the characteristics of

answer

capitalist businessmen

question

which of the following did not limit southern yeoman famers' economic prosperity

answer

a lack of interest in field work

question

which of the following mattered most in the daily lives of slaves

answer

the deprivation of freedom

question

who typically treated sick slaves on plantations of the antebellum south

answer

the master

question

among slaves in the antebellum south, the traditional nuclear family of father, mother, and children was

answer

the rule

question

which of the following statements best assesses the significance of free black slave owners in the american south before the civil war

answer

they commonly bought their family members when those family members could not be legally freed

question

which of the following nations abolished involuntary servitude last

answer

the united states

question

three "frontiers" transformed plains indian culture long before white settlers pushed their settlement frontier west of the mississippi river. which of the following did NOT transform plains indian culture during this period

answer

liquor

question

which of the following ideas was manifest destiny NOT based on

answer

conquest of new territory would prove american military supperiority

question

which of the following did NOT contribute to the growing discontent and eventual revolt of americans in Texas

answer

the government's refusal to provide land for settlers

question

the overland trail migration was primarily a(n)

answer

young family enterprise

question

plains indians responded to the increasing numbers of emigrants on the overland trail by

answer

demanding compensation from both the government and the emigrants

question

texas was finally annexed by

answer

A joint resolution of congress in early 1845

question

the U.S.-Mexican War began when

answer

American and Mexican forces clashed over disputed border territory in southen Texas

question

A group of American settlers near sacramento launched a revolt against mexico; and in june 1846 they proclaimed california an independent republic. This action was the

answer

"bear flag revolt"

question

why did many of the immigrant chinese work in small businesses or the fishing industry instead of working as miners

answer

they were not harassed as much as in the gold fields

question

the settlements of the mormons in utah

answer

were established as family-centered communities dominated by church leaders

question

the doctrine of popular sovereignty was most closely associated with

answer

stephen a douglas

question

in the 1848 election campaign, which party set forth a clear position on the slavery issue

answer

free soil party

question

manifest destiny was a popular national creed, but there was a long-term cost. the sectional crisis of the 1850s was precipitated not only by the rising abolitionist movement in the north, but also by a question raised by expansion to the west

answer

what will be the status of slavery in the new territories

question

the final compromise of 1850, originally introduced by Henry Clay as a single "omnibus Bill," passed as five separate pieces of legislation. which of the following was NOT included

answer

slavery was abolished in the district of colombia

question

a famous novel by the daughter of Lyman Beecher rallied northern hostility toward one particular component of the compromise of 1850, the

answer

fugitive slave law, which allowed southerns to more easily reclaim their runaway slaves

question

who coined the term "manifest destiny"

answer

democratic editor john L. sullivan

question

compared to slaves in the american south, native american peons on california's rancheros

answer

died at twice the rate

question

which of the following was not a driving motication for settlers heading west in after the mid-1830s?

answer

reports of submissive native americans willing to work hard for no pay

question

how did european migrants on the overland trail to oregon change the lives of native americans

answer

they scared off game and reduced buffalo herds

question

in the presidential elections of 1844, James K. Polk defeated his whig rival Henry Clay

answer

by the narrowest of margins

question

what proved more profitable in California than venturing out for gold after 1846

answer

mining the miners

question

why did chinese open up laundries in San Francisco in the 1850s

answer

It required little capital and aroused no white opposition

question

which of the following best assesses the presidential campaign of Zachary Taylor

answer

he remained silent through the campaign

question

how long did congress debate the compromise of 1850

answer

for six months

question

who invented a sharp-cutting steel plow that could slice through the thick tangle of prairie grass roots without the soil sticking to the blade

answer

john deer

question

which of the following does NOT characterize the american economy in the 1840s and 1850s

answer

agriculture remained largely unaffected by technology, and thus diminished in importance as a component of the market economy

question

which is a correct statement regarding mid-century immigrants

answer

germans, irish, and scandinavians came seeking improved economic opportunity

question

what was the Galdsden purchase

answer

the acquisition of a strip of mexican land as a railroad route

question

according to the kansas-Nebraska act, what would be the status of slavery in those western territories

answer

the people would decide

question

why was the kansas-nebraska act so controversial

answer

because it overturned a policy on slavery already in place, northerners felt betrayed

question

the "know-nothing" or nativist movement (later the american party), which prospered especially in the northeastern states, was characterized by its

answer

anti-catholic, anti-immigrant position

question

the republican party

answer

prospered because of northern outrage over "bleeding sumner" and "bleeding kansas"

question

to what does "bleeding sumner" refer

answer

violence on the floor of the U.S. senate

question

the dred scott decision

answer

asserted that congress could not ban slavery from any territory

question

uncle tom's cabin, a novel that was quickly adapted into a play, had a significant impact on northern opinion because it

answer

conveyed a moral condemnation of slavery

question

in his freeport doctrine, douglas defended popular sovereignty despite the dred scott ruling by arguing that

answer

if the people of a territory refused to pass a slave code, slavery would never be established there

question

john brown's raid on harpers ferry was significant for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

answer

that it provoked bloody retaliation against antislavery voters in kansas

question

the first shots of the civil war were fired when

answer

lincoln decided to hold a fort on southern soil

question

in what order did the following states secede from the union

answer

south carolina; alabama; virginia

question

what primary thing had changed in the american economy by the 1850s

answer

cotton no longer served as the driving force for growth

question

what allowed isaac finger to mass-produce sewing machines in 1851

answer

the use of interchangeable parts

question

the "young america" movement in the democratic party tried to

answer

spread democracy around the globe

question

the election victories of the know-nothig party in 1854 spelled doom for

answer

the whigs

question

which of the following best characterizes president james buchanan (1857-1861)

answer

he was one of the most experience men ever elected president

question

how did the panic of 1857 further cement southerners' confidence in the viability of a confederacy

answer

the downturn did not affect the south, keeping southerners prosperous

question

why did southerns feel increasingly beleaguered by the end of the 1850s

answer

high slave prices locked more and more whites out of the masters ranks

question

who did southern democrats nominate as a presidential candidate for the 1860 election

answer

john c. Breckinridge

question

what forced lincoln to act immediately on souther secession

answer

fort sumnter's need for supplies

question

ralph waldo emerson called john brown

answer

A saint

question

at the beginning of the civil war, which one of the following factors favored the south?

answer

the fact that the fighting would be on southern soil

question

what was jefferson davis's central problem in organizing the south for war

answer

in a society that prized states' rights, davis had to centralize authority

question

what was the first union success of the war

answer

holding the border states in the union

question

dissidents in one southern state created which new border state

answer

west virginia

question

the first decisive union military victory of the war occured

answer

in the west, in the middle tennessee river valley under general grant

question

lincoln's emancipation proclamation declared slaves to be free

answer

in those areas of the south under confederate control

question

what is true about african americans during the civil war

answer

many slaves escaped the union lines, where they were put to work or even allowed to join the army

question

during the war, women of both the north and south did all of the following except

answer

run railroads

question

lincoln, later revered as the great emancipator, ironically infringed on the civil liberties of northerners during the civil war-specifically by

answer

suspending the writ of habeas corpus in specified areas in the north

question

which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about civil war soldiering

answer

the lower classes of society, rather than the typical farmer or shopkeeper, made up a disproportionate share of each army

question

the civil war marked a significant change in the history of human warfare, in all EXCEPT which of the following ways

answer

more soldiers died of battle wounds than camp diseases

question

the significance, militarily, of the battle of gettysburg was that

answer

lee could never again take the offensive as he liked to do

question

lincoln finally found "his general." who was he, and why

answer

general grant, who was willing to keep attacking with the tactics of total and relentless war

question

according to the text, what was the even that decided the "war in the balance" -- that is, the event that both ended any last hopes of the confederacy and assured the abolition of slavery

answer

the re-election of lincoln

question

which of the following is NOT a true statement about the impact of the war

answer

the richest section of the country (in terms of white per capita wealth) became even richer

question

which of the following did the confederacy have to accomplish in order to win the war

answer

prevent union armies from entering the confederacy

question

in order to secure the border state of maryland, lincoln suspended

answer

the writ of habeas corpus

question

why did ulysses s. grant think that rivers were important in the war

answer

rivers were avenues into the interior of the confederacy

question

which of the following was the most important method of financing the war for the confederacy

answer

printing paper money

question

which of the following was the most important means for financing the war in the union

answer

taxes

question

in the north, workers' real income during the civil war

answer

dropped by almost 30 percent

question

what was the largest historical significance of the service of women as nurses during the civil war

answer

it reduced hostility toward women in the field of medicine

question

how did the fear of death affect many soldiers in the confederate army

answer

they underwent religious revivals

question

how did the civil war change the national economy

answer

large military orders for manufacturers fostered truly national industries

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