question

The study of the muscular system is known as

answer

myology

question

All of the following are functions of muscles except

answer

secretion

question

What term best describes the relationship between the pronator quadratus and supinator?

answer

antagonists

question

Muscle fibers are arranged in bundles called

answer

fascicles

question

Which of the following describes an appearance of red muscular tissue emerging directly from bone rather than being separated from it by an obvious tendon?

answer

fleshy attachment

question

The rectus femoris is what muscle shape?

answer

pennate

question

What separates groups of muscles?

answer

fascia

question

Which term below best describes the deltoid?

answer

intrinsic

question

Which term best describes the relationship of the deltoid and SITS muscles during shoulder abduction?

answer

synergists

question

A muscle fiber depends on which of the following for excitation?

answer

receiving calcium ions from the nerve ending

question

The semitendinosus is an example of what muscle shape?

answer

fusiform

question

Which of the following muscles is the prime mover for inhalation?

answer

diaphragm

question

Which of the following extensors of the head is the most superficial?

answer

trapezius

question

The occipitalis and frontalis are connected via the

answer

galea aponeurotica

question

Which of the following muscles of facial expression is not innervated by the facial nerve?

answer

levator palpebrae superioris

question

A point of convergence for several muscles of the lower face is called the

answer

modiolus

question

The ________ originates on the zygomatic arch and inserts on the angle of the mandible.

answer

masseter

question

Which one of these muscles helps to open the mouth (depress the mandible)?

answer

digastric

question

What is(are) the innervations(s) of the palatoglossus?

answer

accessory and vagal nerves

question

Which of the following muscles of mastication would be responsible for mandibular elevation?

answer

temporalis

question

The aponeurosis of the external oblique forms a(n) ________ at its inferior margin.

answer

inguinal ligament

question

The deepest muscle of the abdominal wall is the

answer

transverse abdominal

question

While sitting in your desk, you drop your pencil onto the floor. You bend over to pick up the pencil. In order to straighten up and continue your exam you must use which of the following muscles?

answer

erector spinae

question

Which of the following muscles is not externally visible on the trunk of the body?

answer

transverse abdominal

question

Unilateral contraction of which muscle causes ipsilateral flexion of the lumbar vertebral column?

answer

quadratus lumborum

question

In lifting a heavy weight from the floor, one should use the power of the ___ in order to avoid muscle strain in the lower back.

answer

knee and hip extensors

question

In a whiplash injury, the neck undergoes forced hyperextension then hyperflexion, injuring multiple muscles in the neck. Which of the following muscles would be injured during the hyperextension phase of the injury?

answer

sternocleidomastoid

question

Tendinous intersections divide the _______ into segments externally visible on the abdomen of a well-muscled person.

answer

rectus abdominis

question

The rectus abdominis is a(n) ________ muscle, while the rectus femoris is a(n) ______ muscle.

answer

parallel; bipennate

question

Which of the following correctly states the origin and insertion of the sternocleidomastoid?

answer

sternal manubrium and medial one-third of clavicle; mastoid process and lateral half of superior nuchal line

question

The muscles that laterally rotate and depress the scapula, as in shrugging and lowering the shoulders, are the

answer

trapezius and serratus anterior

question

Which cranial nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius?

answer

accessory nerve

question

Which muscle of respiration is innervated by the phrenic nerve?

answer

diaphragm

question

After taking their wedding vows, a bride and groom often ceremonially use which of the following muscles before walking away from the altar?

answer

orbicularis oris

question

Which muscle originates at the manubrium, inserts on the thyroid cartilage, and aids in singing low notes?

answer

sternothyroid

question

Some people suffer involuntary urination because of incompetence of what muscle?

answer

external urethral sphincter

question

True or False: A sacral fracture affecting the S3 and S4 nerve roots would result in a person having difficulty with evacuation of the bowels.

answer

True, the coccygeus is innervated by the 3rd and 4th sacral nerves and assists the levator ani.

question

A baseball pitcher who injures one of his SITS muscles most commonly sustains tears to the tendon of which muscle?

answer

supraspinatus

question

Which of the following is true regarding the levator scapulae?

answer

It rotates the scapula and depresses the apex of the shoulder.

question

Which of the following is an intrinsic muscle of the hand?

answer

adductor pollicis

question

The serratus anterior is innervated by which nerve

answer

long thoracic nervenerve

question

Which muscle acting on the arm assists in deep inspiration?

answer

latissimus dorsi

question

A butcher who cuts the distal portion of his fingers may cut the

answer

flexor digitorum profundus tendon.

question

When a nurse draws blood, it is not uncommon for the needle to penetrate which muscle near the cubital region?

answer

pronator teres

question

The antagonist for the triceps brachii is the

answer

biceps brachii.

question

Which of the following best describes the insertion of the extensor digitorum?

answer

It directly inserts on all digits of the hand except the thumb.

question

Tennis elbow is a common term describing injury to which of the following?

answer

extensor carpi radialis longus

question

An injury that results in complete functional loss of the ulnar nerve will affect which

answer

abductor digiti minimi

question

Carpal tunnel pressure is sometimes relieved by surgically excising part or all of which structure?

answer

flexor retinaculum

question

The longest muscle in the human body is the

answer

sartorius

question

Which of the following muscles is in the medial compartment of the thigh?

answer

adductor longus

question

Which muscle(s) in the figure insert(s) on the head of the fibula?

answer

4

question

Which muscle(s) in the figure is(are) innervated by the tibial nerve?

answer

2, 4 and 5

question

Which muscle(s) in the figure is(are) responsible for medially rotating the tibia?

answer

1, 2 and 5

question

Which muscle(s) in the figure is(are) responsible for abducting and medially rotating the thigh?

answer

3

question

Which muscle(s) in the figure is(are) innervated by the obturator nerve?

answer

1

question

True or False: Injury to the deep fibular nerve would cause inability to extend ones toes.

answer

True, the deep fibular nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the leg.

question

True or False: The triceps surae consists of three muscles in the lower limb.

answer

False, the triceps surae consists of the gastrocnemius and soleus.

question

A clinician induces contraction of the gastrocnemius and soleus and notices that the foot does not plantar flex as expected. Which of the following would be a logical diagnosis?

answer

ruptured calcaneal tendon

question

A male sustains a crushing injury to his foot. After weeks of care, he begins to notice that he cannot bend the little toe on his right foot. A logical diagnosis would be

answer

atrophy of the flexor digiti minimi.

question

A heavyset middle-aged insurance salesman who doesn't exercise often accepts his friend's invitation to a pickup basketball game. When attempting a jump shot, he falls to the ground in pain, grasping at the calf of his leg. There is an enormous bulge in his leg immediately below the knee, and he is unable to plantarflex that foot. Most likely he has injured his ___ and the bulge is ___.

answer

calcaneal tendon; his triceps surae

question

An Olympic sprinter readies for a race. After the sound of the starting gun, he propels himself forward from the starting block and immediately grimaces in pain, grabbing for the back of his thigh. Within 48 hours he begins noticing extensive bruising on the back of his thigh extending into the back of the knee. He now has difficulty rising from a seated position and flexing his knee. Bending at the waist generates more pain. Which muscle is likely injured?

answer

biceps femoris

question

After childbirth a woman begins experiencing tremendous pain in her groin, making it difficult for her to walk. She has difficulty walking due to the pain. An X-ray shows a fracture extending from her symphysis pubis to the inferior ramus of the pubis. As a result of the fracture, which group of muscles might be impaired?

answer

thigh adductors

question

A skydiver's parachute fails to deploy. After some struggle, his reserve chute deploys in time to save his life. However, his landing is harder than normal and he feels his knee slightly hyperextend. He shakes it off and goes about his normal routine. Later that day he begins experiencing knee pain. Two days later he notices that his knee "pops" when he crouches and soon discovers he has dislocated his femur on the knee. What muscle was likely injured initially?

answer

quadriceps femoris

question

A skateboarder falls and lands directly on his buttocks and lower back. He does not feel too much pain and so he continues skating. After a couple of days he begins experiencing right hip pain and notices his right foot and leg are rotated to the right. A doctor diagnoses muscle spasm. Which of the following muscles is most likely causing the leg and foot rotation?

answer

piriformis

Chapter 10 Muscular System – Flashcards

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