Chapter 1 The Study of Life (Bio 1005) – Flashcards
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Which sequence of classification categories is in the proper order from least to most inclusive - smallest to largest?
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Species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain
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One part of the cell theory states ____.
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all living things are made of one or more cells
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All the organisms of various species living within a given area constitute a(n) ______.
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community
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Which classification category includes the most species?
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Kingdom
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If a new anti-cancer drug is found effective in initial tests with mice, what do researchers conclude?
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The drug was effective in the mouse model; it must still be tested in humans.
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You are conducting an experiment to determine what concentration of disinfectant is most effective in killing bacteria. In this example, the concentration of disinfectant would represent the
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experimental variable
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All of the following will strengthen a scientific theory EXCEPT ____.
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faith
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Ever since the antibiotic drug penicillin was discovered in 1928, the incidence of resistant bacteria has steadily increased as a direct result of
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natural selection
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Which statement regarding the scientific method is false?
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Hypotheses are finally proven as absolutely true or false.
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The bones in a bird are hollow, reducing its weight for flight. This is an example of which characteristic of life?
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Living things are adapted
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If the human population faces potential extinction, cloning of humans is the only technology that will save us.
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False
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Science is based on ___.
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evidence
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The term "biodiversity" refers to
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the total number of species, variation of species and the ecosystems in which they live.
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You are conducting an experiment to determine which brand of fertilizer results in the greatest amount of fruit production by tomato plants. In this example, the response variable would be the
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amount of fruit produced by the tomato plants
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The common name for "cat" in Spanish is "gato" and in Chinese is "mao." Which of the following statements pertaining to the use of scientific names instead of common names is false?
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The common name clearly identifies an organism as unique
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Corn belongs to the kingdom
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Plantae
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The body temperature in humans is maintained around 37 C. Which characteristic of life does this information represent?
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Living things are homeostatic
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Which sequence correctly lists the different levels of biological organization, from the smallest and simplest to the largest and most complex?
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cells-tissues-organs-organ systems-organisms
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Which of the following is of least importance when concerning the preservation of ecosystems?
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Preservation of ecosystems allows humans to exploit as many resources as possible
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Which level of biological organization is composed tissues?
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Organ
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About 12 to 24 hours after the last meal, a person's blood sugar level normally varies from 60 to 90 milligrams (mg) per 100 milliliters (ml) of blood, although it may rise to 120 mg per 100 ml after meals high in carbohydrates. That the blood sugar level is maintained within a fairly narrow range, despite uneven intake of sugar, is due to the body's ability to carry out _.
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homeostasis
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Technology is the _________.
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application of scientific knowledge for a practical purpose.
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Which statement regarding science technology is false?
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Science technology is a basis for all ethical or moral decisions
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Which of these classification categories contains the closest related organisms?
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genus
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What is the correct format for the binomial name of human beings?
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(italicized) Homo sapiens
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Organs are composed of tissues, which are composed of cells. This is an example of which characteristic of life?
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Living things have levels or hierarchical organization
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The smallest unit that has all of the characteristics of life is the
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cell
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Which of the following is one of the domains of life?
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Eukarya
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Nutrient molecules are used as building blocks or for energy. This best represents which characteristic of life?
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Living things acquire materials and energy from the environment
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Which of these is an example of inductive reasoning used to form a hypothesis?
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Every fungus that has ever been studied absorbs its food; therefore, food absorption is characteristic of fungi
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A possible explanation for a natural event, based on observations and past knowledge, is a
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hypothesis
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Which of the following statement is based on scientific observation and reasoning?
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Objects fall downward anywhere on the earth's surface regardless of the observer.
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Which statement regarding the scientific method is false?
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A control group is always exposed to the factor being tested
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Which answer choice lists the steps of the scientific method in the correct order?
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observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion, scientific theory
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Of the following, which is the testable answer to a question? (It is sometimes called an "educated guess.")
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hypothesis
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Which of the following domains contains organisms that are adapted to life in harsh environments?
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Domain Archaea
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Which statement is false regarding science?
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Correct scientific conclusions are permanent and never subject to change or refinement
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Which of the following represents a potential threat to biodiversity?
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Humans clear land for agriculture and housing
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Which of the following might plausibly be said by a scientist?
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There is always a possibility that a more advanced experiment might falsify any hypothesis
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A physician specializes in surgery involving the following group of organs: mouth, esophagus, stomach and intestines. Overall, this physician is specialized at which level of organization?
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organ system
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As the human population size increases,
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biodiversity is adversely affected as humans have destructive effects on ecosystems
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Some students consume large amounts of coffee and so-called energy drinks to help them stay alert when studying. You notice that many who engage in this practice seem to do poorly on exams. Suppose you want to investigate the relationship between caffeine consumption and exam performance. Which of the following statements would be an appropriate hypothesis?
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Students who consume large amounts of caffeine while studying will have lower exam scores than those who consume less caffeine.
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A multicellular, photosynthetic organism with complex, specialized cells and tissues would most likely to be assigned to
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kingdom Plantae
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Which of the following is a potential consequence if people stop using technology in the agriculture industry?
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There could be a significant decrease in the amount of food produced.
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Which statement regarding the scientific method is false?
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Original hypotheses are formed after an experiment.
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When you are overheated, you perspire, and when you are too cold, you shiver to generate heat. Which property of life is best represented by this example?
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homeostasis
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Using technology in the field of agriculture has enabled farmers to feed a growing human population
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True
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The layer where organisms can exist on the surface of the earth is the
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biosphere
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As a piece of petrified wood was once part of a living organism, but its tissues have been replaced by minerals and it no longer exhibits most properties of life, except for
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organization
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Which of the following biological technology has enabled scientists to extend the life span of individuals who are suffering from HIV / AIDS?
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Virology
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The most important factor that determines where major ecosystems are located on the globe is
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climate
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Which statement about an ecosystem is incorrect?
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There is a community of organisms, but no non-living components.
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When comparing energy and chemicals in an ecosystem,
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chemicals cycle over and over again but energy flows through once
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The three major domains of life are
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archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes
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When researchers test a new human cancer drug using mice, the mice constitute the
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model
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Which domains contain organisms that lack a membrane bound nucleus?
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Archaea & Bacteria
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Which statement regarding the scientific method is false?
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Theories formed in everyday life carry the same validity as a scientific theory
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Which statement concerning reproduction is false?
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The offspring of multicellular organisms tend to be identical to the parent
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A community of organisms along with their physical environment constitutes a(n)
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ecosystem
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Which statement about living organisms is not correct?
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Living organisms create energy
