Chapter 1: Intro to Chemistry – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
matter
answer
anything that has mass and occupies space
question
chemistry
answer
study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes
question
organic chemistry
answer
study of molecules that contain carbon except oxides and carbonates
question
inorganic chemistry
answer
study of all other molecules, including oxides and carbonates
question
biochemistry
answer
study of chemistry of life and biological molecules
question
analytical chemistry
answer
quantitative and qualitative analysis of molecules in a system
question
physical chemistry
answer
study of atomic, subatomic and macroscopic events in chemical systems in terms of Physics
question
pure chemistry
answer
research for the pursuit of chemical knowledge. No immediate practical uuse. Discovering new elements.
question
applied chemistry
answer
research that is directed toward a practical goal or application
question
technology
answer
the means by which a society provides its members with those things needed and desired, more quickly and with less effort
question
independent variable
answer
the variable that the scientist change during an experiment, aka Manipulated variable
question
dependent variable
answer
the variable that is observed during the experiment, aka responding variable
question
model
answer
representation of an object or event. atoms and molecules are too small to be seen by the eye, so we use these for studying reactions and processes
question
theory
answer
well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations, tested by more experiments modified if necessary
question
scientific law
answer
summarizes the results of many observations and experiments
question
The central themes of chemistry are 1. chemistry is a ____ ____ 2. ____ and the structure of ____ bonding and ____ reactions 3. ____ theory 4. the ____ and quantifying matter 5. matter and ____ 6. ____ chemistry
answer
central science electrons, atoms interaction kinetic mole energy carbon
question
What are the five traditional areas of chemistry?
answer
organic, inorganic, biochemistry, analytical, and physical
question
Why is the scope of chemistry so vast?
answer
all living and nonliving things are made of matter
question
Three reasons to study chemistry are 1. useful for explaining the ____ ____ 2. preparing people for ____ ____ 5. producing ____ ____
answer
natural world career opportunities informed citizens
question
How was modern research in chemistry impacted society?
answer
can lead to technology that aim to benefit the environment, conserve and produce energy, improve human life, and expand our knowledge of the universe
question
How do chemists study the universe?
answer
study space by sending probes and people that collect data and samples
question
How can knowledge of chemistry help you be a more informed citizen?
answer
Citizens can make wiser decisions about the environment
question
What is the relationship between pure and applied chemistry?
answer
Pure chemistry is the study of chem for knowledge, applied chemistry has a purpose
question
Why might a geologists ask an analytical chemist to help identify the minerals in a rock?
answer
Wants to determine the chemical composition to identify the type or rock
question
Why would a student who wants to be a doctor need to study chemistry?
answer
need to know substances and their interaction with the human body
question
How did Lavoisier revolutionize the science of chemistry
answer
created a balance that could read very small
question
name three steps in the scientific method
answer
observations, proposing and testing hypothesis, and developing theories
question
Why are collaboration and communication important in science?
answer
they increase the likelihood of a successful outcome and build off of experiments
question
what did alchemist contribute to the development of chemistry
answer
they designed the equipment
question
what are alchemists?
answer
people who studied matter before chemistry existed
question
How did Lavosier's wife help him to communicate the results of his experiment?
answer
she translated the journals from french to english
question
What process takes place before an article is published in a scientific journal?
answer
did research, write a paper, send to be proofread, sent to a journal company, revise
question
Why is it important for scientist to publish a description of their procedures along with the results of their experiments?
answer
so the experiment can be repeated and scientists can build off of experiment
question
Why should a hypothesis be developed before experiments take place?
answer
you can see if your right based on your knowledge
question
What is the difference between a theory and a hypothesis?
answer
Hypothesis is based off of observations, Theory is a thought out based on evidence
question
Matter is neither created nor destroyed in any chemical change. Theory or Law?
answer
Law because it is ALWAYS true
question
Do the steps of the scientific method always need to be followed in order?
answer
yes
question
What is the general approach to solving a problem?
answer
look at a graph, develop a plan, and implement the plan
question
What are the steps for solving numeric problems?
answer
Analyze, calculate, evaluate
question
What are the steps for solving nonnumeric problems?
answer
analyze and solve
question
why is air classified as matter?
answer
It has matter and takes up space
