Chapter 1. Biology: the science of life – Flashcards
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The first step in the scientific method is
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Observation
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Characteristics that are shared by all _________ include: reproduce and develop, respond to stimuli, organization, maintain an internal environment, acquire materials and energy, adapt and evolve
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Living organisms
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The mechanism of evolution that causes a population to become better adapted to it's environment is called________
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Natural selection
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Biology is the scientific study of___________
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Life
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What are associated with prokaryotes?
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Plasma membrane, Cell wall
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When presented with new information, scientists are generally ______ and want to study and think about the information before developing an opinion.
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skeptical
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A good _________ ensures that scientists are testing what they want to test, produces meaningful results
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experimental design
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The scientific study of life is known as
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Biology
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Which theory enables scientists to understand the history of life
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Evolution
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A group of organisms of the same species occupying a certain area form a _______
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Population
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six basic taxa between domain and species largest to smallest
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Kingdom, Phylum, class, order, family, genus
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Variations in the information contained within the DNA of an organism are caused by ______
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Mutations
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In the scientific method, the conclusion ________
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Can lead to a new hypothesis, relates to the original hypothesis
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The smallest unit that displays the properties of life is called a ______
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Cell
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An organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus and membranous organelles is called a __________
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Prokaryote
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________ is the variation in life on earth, refers to number of different species, Most significant bioethical issue we face today
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Biodiversity
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What is homeostasis?
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The maintanence of normal internal conditions within certain boundaries
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What contributes to climate change and global warming?
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Burning fossil fuels, destruction of forests
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The ability of an organism to make a copy of itself is called _______
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reproduction
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The term _____ refers to the chemical reactions that occur in a cell
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Metabolism
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The statement made following an experiment as to whether or not a hypothesis is supported is called a _______
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Conclusion
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What describes a group of organs working together to carry out a specific set of functions?
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Organ system
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The ________ enables the scientists to understand: Variety of organisms, anatomy, physiology, and development of organisms, history of life
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theory of evolution
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The capacity to do work is called _____
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Energy
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What is necessary for natural selection to occur in a natural breeding population?
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heritable variations, competition for resources, more offspring than the environment can support
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Ecosystems are characterized by the cycling of inorganic ______ and the flow of _______
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Chemicals, Energy
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An increase in the levels of the element ______ in the atmosphere is the primary cause of global warming
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Carbon
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An evolutionary adaptation suits an organism to its _________
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Environment
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The results the biologist collects during an experiment are called _______
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Data
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What contains ecosystems?
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Biospheres
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A _____ consists of two or more tissues functioning together for a specific task
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Organ
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The branch of Biology concerned with identifying, describing, and naming organisms is called ___________
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Taxonomy
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Most scientific names are based off what language?
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Latin
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Emerging diseases might result from:
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Changes in human behavior, new exposure to animal populations
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What theory relates most closely to the coded information of heredity?
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Gene theory
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Prokaryotic organisms known as _____ live almost anywhere
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Bacteria
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The factor in the experiment that is being tested is called the experimental _______
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Variable
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The underlying concept in the field of biology, which explains the unity and diversity of living things, is ______
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Evolution
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What are contained in a community?
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Populations
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What term in a binomial name may be abbreviated with a single letter?
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Genus
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_____ are most closely related to animals.
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Fungi
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_____ is a field of study concerned with the development and consequences of biological technology
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Bioethics
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A ______ is a possible explanation for a natural event which is based on existing knowledge
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Hypothesis
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In biology, the _____ theory states that all organisms are composed of cells
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Cell
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What group is comprised entirely of multicellular organism that ingest food?
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Animals
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A biological community and its associated physical environment comprise an ________
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Ecosystem
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In science, a concept that is supported by a broad range of observations, experiments, and data is called a scientific _______
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Theory
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Genes are made up of _____, which provide the instructions for the organization and metabolism of the organism
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DNA
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Experimental design often involves comparing a test group to a ________ in order to determine the effects of the experimental variable
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Control group
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Methods of ______ include seeing by using microscopes, binoculars, or telescopes
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Observation
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What domains contains prokaryotes?
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Bacteria, Archaea
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What is a characteristic of life?
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Responsiveness
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The complete eradication of a species or larger classification category is called _______
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Extinction
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The _______ is generally tested by the experiment
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Hypothesis
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A multicellular organism characterized by muscle and nervous tissue and that undergoes development to achieve its final form is an _________
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Animal
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In an ecosystem, chemicals move from one organism to another through links in a ________
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Food chain
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______ organisms and systems allow scientists to control specific variables and environmental conditions in a way that may not be possible in a natural environment
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Model
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What eukaryotic group contains mainly unicellular organism?
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Protists
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The application of scientific knowledge for a practical purpose is called ______
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Technology
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________ reasoning uses creative thinking to combine isolated facts into a cohesive whole
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Inductive
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In an ecosystem, as energy is transferred from one population to another, some of the energy is lost as ______
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Heat
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_______ is the science of classifying organisms according to their presumed evolutionary relationships
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Systematics
