Chapter 1 And 2 Answers – Flashcards
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The agricultural revolution first occurred in
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(c) Middle East
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The earliest transition to agriculture was characterized by
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(a) the advent of specialized tools
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Most early agricultural communities had a staple crop based on
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(a) grain or rice
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Scholars feel that earliest domesticated animals were
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(e) dogs
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The religions of farming communities tended to focus on
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(b) an earth mother or female deity
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Recent discoveries of large stones and burial chambers may indicate
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(d) ceremonial and religious purposes
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One of the most important breakthroughs which ushered in agriculture in Mesopotamia was
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(a) construction of canals to bring water to distant fields
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The earliest historically documented people of Mesopotamia were the
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(a) Sumerians
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The term city-state refers to all of the following except
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(c) an association of mutually dependent cities (a-e: a small independent state, an urban center surrounded by agricultural hinterlands, and self-governing urban centers)
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The first dynastic king, Sargon of Akkad, and his four successors, did all of the following except
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(d) attack Egypt (a-e: organize a system of standardized weights and measures, use cuneiform writing, issue a comprehensive law code, and facilitate trade between all the city-states under his control)
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what motivated Mesopotamian conquests of far-reaching territories?
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(c) the need for vital resources
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A means of distinguishing slaves in Mesopotamian society was by
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(c) a particular hairstyle
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One of the difficulties historians have for understanding the role of women i Mesopotamian society is
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(d) the only existing records were written by elite male scribes
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Mesopotamian priests
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(a) inherited their positions from their fathers
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The abundance of amulets in Mesopotamia suggests
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(d) widespread belief in the value of Magic
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The Mesopotamian writing system is called
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(e) cuneiform
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Cuneiform writing was accomplished by
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(a) incising written symbols in clay
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Advances in mathematics and careful observations of nature made the mesopotamians sophisticated practitioners of
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(c) astronomy
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The culture that developed in Egypt was unique largely because of
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(b) Egypt's natural isolation and essential self-sufficiency
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Crucial to Egypt's agriculture was
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(c) proximity to Nile River
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The pyramids were crucial to Egyptian kings......The largest pyramid ever built was for
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(b) Khufu
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Fundamental concepts of Egyptian religion were based on
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(c) the vision of cosmic order that the physical environment of the Nile River evoked
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Egyptian kingship and religion were closely intertwined because it was believed
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(c) the pharaoh was the living Horus and son of Re
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Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Indus Valley civilizations were all
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(a) based on fertile floodplains and river valleys
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The region of modern Pakistan which gave birth to the earliest known civilization in the Indian subcontinent is centered on which river?
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(c) Indus
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The two main cities of early Indian civilization are
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(a) Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro
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which of the following was probably not one of the components of the systems failure that brought down the Indus Valley cities
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(b) that invaders from the north and east drove out the inhabitants
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In order to discover more specific info about the social structure of the Indus Valley civilizations, what needs to be done?
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(b) The writing must be deciphered
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The late Bronze age in the middle east was a cosmopolitan era because
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(a) elements of culture were widely shared
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The two divisions within the population of Mesopotamia were
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(c) Assyrians and Babylonians
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The Hittites were the foremost power from 1700 to 1200 BCE in
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(b) Anatolia
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The language of diplomacy and government correspondence in the Mesopotamian regions was
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(d) Akkadian
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The Hyksos were able to conquer Egypt because they had
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(a) horse-drawn chariots carrying archers with composite bows
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The era of the New Kingdom in Egypt is characterized by restoration of Egyptian rule and
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(c) expansion North into Syria and south into Nubia
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Which woman held the throne of the New Kingdom Egypt?
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(d) Hatshepsut
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The Pharaoh Akhenaten is credited by many historians with
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(a) the invention of monotheism
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Which of the following is true of the rule of Akhenaten?
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(e) all of the above (new capital at Amarna, fostered new style of naturalistic art, monotheistic revolution, wife was Nefertiti)
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Transportation in western Asia was revolutionized in the Later Bronze Age by the introduction of
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(c) horses
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The location of the first European civilization to have complex political structures was
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(c) the island of Crete
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Although Minoan writing is undeciphered, Minoan artifacts suggest that
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(b) they had widespread trade connections
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Which civilization collapsed first?
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(a) Minoan
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Writing in Mycenaean Greece is done in what form?
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(a) Linear B
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What resources did southern Greece and the Aegean have most?
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(a) Grapes, olives, and some grains
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German businessman and archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann found shaft graves at which excavation site?
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(b) Mycenaea
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The epic poem of Homer, The Illiad, related the story of a war between the Greeks and the Hittites, based on the ten year siege and eventual destruction of the city of
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(e) Troy
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The collapse of the Mycenaean civilization is indicated by which of the following
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(e) all of the above (disappearance of Linear B, destruction of palaces, competition for resources, and disruption of trade routes)
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The assyrian ruler was
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(d) both A and B (a king and a priest)
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before making any decisions, the Assyrian king would do what?
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(a) consult the gods with ritual divination
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Using the tactic of mass deportation of captured prisoners, the Assyrians relocated approximately how many people?
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(c) four million
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How were the Assyrian elite bound to the monarch?
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(d) all of the above (oaths of obedience, fear of punishment, expectation of rewards)
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The Hebrew language of the Bible reflects the speech of the Israelites until about 500 BCE, when it was supplanted by
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(d) Aramaic
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Many important centers of the Middle East and Mediterranean region were destroyed around
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(a) 1200 BCE (or 1500)
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The homeland of the Assyrian empire was in
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(b) northern Mesopotamia
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The chief tactic that the Assyrians used to maintain tranquility in their empire was
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(a) force and terror
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Which of the following is not one of the reasons that the Assyrians were able to conquer vast territories?
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(e) they had accomplished and wily diplomats (they had large army of half million men, used iron weapons, created a corps of professional soldiers, and had engineers who developed machines)
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One important and peaceful legacy of the Assyrian rule was
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(b) the Library of Ashurbanipal
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Information about ancient Israel can be found in the
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(e) Hebrew Bible
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Israel is important partly because
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(b) it is a cross roads to the Near East, Egypt, and Arabia
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Which of the following poses a problem for interpreting the history of the early Israelites from the Bible?
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(e) these are all problematic (they were pastoralists who didnt write down writing for years, bible was written for religious, not historical purposes, bible was written in several phases by different people, hebrew civilization was interrupted by conquest several times)
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the recollections of the journey of Abraham
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(c) may compress the experiences of generations of pastoralists
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The Israelites became devoted to their stern and warlike god, Yahweh, during
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(b) forty years of wandering in the desert
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The basic tenets of Jewish belief and practice prohibit
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(a) murder, adultery, theft, and lying
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The basic Israelite political structure before King Saul was
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(a) rule by chieftans of the twelve tribes (descendants of Joseph and Jacob)
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The rise of centralized monarchy in Israel is typically attributed to
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(d) David
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What was the Ark of the Covenant?
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(c) a sacred box containing the tablets of law given to Moses
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Solomon began an ambitious building project to create
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(d) the first temple
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Women in Israelite society were respected because they provided goods and services that sustained the family and
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(b) had some influence over their husbands
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After solomons death, the kingdom of Israel was split into
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(a) Judah and Israel
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Diaspora refers to the Jews being taken from their homeland to
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(e) Babylon
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Which of the following rituals did not aid the Jews in maintaining a strong cultural identity after the loss of their state?
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(e) the requirement that men grow beards (dietary rules, Sabbath, baths, banning marriage with non Jews)
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The exile of hebrews to babylon occurred under
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(b) Nebuchadnezzar
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The Phoenecians developed a system of writing based on consonants and the vowel sounds added by this group resulted in a complete alphabetic writing system
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(c) Greeks
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What made certain Phoenician textiles unique?
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(d) Purple dye
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Carthage was founded by peoples migrating from
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(b) phoenicia
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Carthage's influence in the Mediterranean Sea rested in the
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(a) navy
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The foreign policy of the Carthaginian state
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(c) reflected an interest in protecting the sea trade
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The chief opponents of Carthaginian power in the Mediterranean Sea were
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(a) Romans and Greeks
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