Chapter 06 Test Questions – Flashcards
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Psychologists use the term ___________ to refer to a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience.
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learning
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____________ is credited with laying the foundation for the study of classical conditioning in psychology.
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Pavlov
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______________ is a type of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to bring about a response after it is paired with a stimulus that naturally brings about that response.
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Classical conditioning
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_____________ is learning in which a voluntary response is strengthened or weakened, depending on its favorable or unfavorable consequences.
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Operant conditioning
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The root of operant conditioning may be traced to ____________'s early studies of hungry cats learning to escape from cages.
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Thorndike
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The most influential psychologist to study operant conditioning was:
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Skinner.
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The process of teaching complex behavior by reinforcing ever closer approximations of the desired behavior is called:
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shaping.
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Learning in which a new behavior is acquired but is not demonstrated until some incentive is provided for displaying it is known as ____________ learning.
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latent
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Bandura's "Bobo doll" experiments were intended to demonstrate:
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observational learning.
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According to the text, the average child in the U.S. has viewed more than ___________ murders on network TV by the time he or she graduates from elementary school.
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8,000
