Ch.6 – College Essay

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created in 1969 to help scientists communicate and share computer resources. UCLA, Stanford, u of utah, and u of cal santa barbara
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ARPANET
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created in 1985 to create a larger network. Connected multiple LANS, not just mainframes. Created an internet (different than the Internet)
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NSF network
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send e-mail, transfer files, run scientific calculations on Internet supercomputers, difficult to use with limited access
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primitive command-line user interfaces
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introduced in 1990s, internet accounts became available, monthly subscription fee
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new user friendly internet tools
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not owned or operated by any single corporation or government
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the Internet
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a network of high capacity communications links. Provides the main routes for data traffic across the Internet. Backbone links and routers- maintained by Network Service Providers
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Internet backbone
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link and connect NSP equipment
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NAPs (Network access points)
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a company that offers Internet access to individuals, businesses, and smaller ISPs
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ISP (Internet service provider)
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how you communicate with an ISP. communications device such as a modem
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modem
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permanently assigned
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static IP address
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temporarily assigned
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dynamic IP address
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a key component of web page addresses and email addresses
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domain name
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elapsed time for data to make a round trip from point A to point B and back to point A. Ping and traceroute
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latency
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when upstream speeds differ from downstream speeds
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asymmetric internet connection
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when upstream and downstream speeds are the same
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symmetric internet connection
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fixed, portable, and mobile
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internet connection options
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fixed internet connection, uses a voiceband modem and telephone lines to transport data between your computer and your ISP
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dial up connection
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converts computer signals into audible analog signals that can travel over telephone lines. Speed is measured in bits per second
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Voiceband modem
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high speed, digital, always on connection, runs over standard phone lines. Speed varies
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DSL connection
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high speed, always on connection, uses the same infrastructure as the cable television service
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cable connection
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convert computer signals into those that can travel over the CATV network
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cable modem
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secures your computer from your neighbors
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DOCSIS compliant cable modems
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high speed, always on, asymmetric, broadcasts signals to and from a personal satellite dish
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satellite internet service
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modulates computer data signals into a frequency band to carry to the satellite dish. Satellite dish converts signals to another frequency, amplifies, and transmits
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satellite modem
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broadcasts signals to offer internet access to large areas, always on, high speed
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fixed wireless internet service
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most well known fixed wireless standard. Transmits data to and from WiMAX antennas mounted on towers. Transmit data at 70 mbps
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WiMAX
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the ability to easily move your internet service from one location to another
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portable internet access
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offers a continuous internet connection as you are walking or riding in a bus, car, train, or plane
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mobile internet access
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an area in which the public can access a wifi network that offers internet service. does not typically provide acceptable mobile internet access
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wifi hotspot
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internet acess is available to subscribers anywhere within a tower's coverage. you use the same ISP whether you are at home or on the road. limited coverage
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portable WiMAX
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up and coming standard
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mobile WiMAX
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provides internet access from handheld devices
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WAP (wireless application protocol)
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provides broadband data access by cellular service providers
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wireless modems
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apps and data are available anytime, anywhere, on any device. Depends on a grid of servers, storage devices and protocols. SaaS
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cloud computing
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communication technology, a broadband internet connection is used to place telephone calls instead of the regular phone system
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VoIP (voice over internet protocol)
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internet forum, wiki, blog, tweet
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asynchronous types of communication
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a network of computers harnessed together to perform processing tasks
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grid computing system
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special type of grid where users voluntarily donate processing power to the grid. SETI@home project.
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distributed grid
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file transfer protocol. Rules to transfer files from one computer to another over any TCP/IP network
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FTP
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aka P2P file sharing, allows users to obtain files from other users located anywhere on the Internet
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file sharing
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file sharing protocol. Distributes the role of file server across a collection of dispersed computers
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BitTorrent
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any access to data or programs by hackers, criminals, or other unauthorized persons
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intrusion
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doorway that allows a computer to exchange data with other devices
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communications port
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uses automated software to locate computers that have open ports and are vulnerable to unauthorized access
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port probe
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software or hardware designed to filter out suspicious packets attempting to enter or leave a computer
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firewall
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process router uses to keep track of packets and their corresponding private or public IP addresses
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NAT (Network address translation)
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how you can create a secure connection for remote users. Employees who need access are given instructions, addresses, and passwords to make connections
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VPN
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