question

A lane search or partitioning the area into lanes

answer

can be adapted to any number of police personnel?

question

What is not a goal of a search during an investigation

answer

To punish the offender

question

Investigators do not need to know _______ in order to conduct an effective search

answer

identity of the offender

question

The 4th amendment to the U.S Constitution forbid what type of searches and seizure?

answer

Unreasonable

question

An officer conducts a search of a motorist for driving infraction

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does Not make a search Legal

question

A way to determine if probable cause exist today is which test?

answer

Totality-of-the-circumstances test

question

A judge may issue a search warrant if the following items are being sought by an officer?

answer

Stolen or embezzled property

question

A search conducted with a warrant must be limited to

answer

only the specific area and items named in the warrant

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Consent to search is valid only if given

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voluntarily

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Terry v. Ohio supported officer's right to

answer

conduct a pat-down or a frisk if they believe the person might be armed or dangerous

question

Every lawful arrest is accompanied by a seach of the arrested person. This is referred to as

answer

Search incident to arrest

question

The Chimel decision established that a search incidental to a lawful arrest must be simultaneously with the arrest. A search incidental to arrest must be confined to

answer

the area within the suspect's immediate control

question

Emergency circumstances (such as fire or officers hearing shots fired or screams) that allow officers to enter a home without a warrant are referred to as

answer

Exigent circumstances

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The Carroll decision established that with probable cause,

answer

automobiles may be searched based on their obvious mobility

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Mincey v. Arizona established that

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While officers are on the premises pursuing their legitimate emergency activities, any evidence in plain view may be seized.

question

Wyoming v Houghton (1999) held that an officer may search an automobile passenger's belongings simply because the officer suspects the driver has done something wrong. This ruling, which was intended to prevent drivers from claiming that illegal drugs or other contraband belongs to passengers rather than themselves, is referred to as the

answer

passenger property exception

question

The courts have ruled that when police take custody of a vehicle or other property, the police

answer

may inventory the property

question

The most important limitation on searches is that they must be

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narrow in scope

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Which rule said that courts would not accept evidence obtained by unreasonable search and seizure

answer

exclusionary rule

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In Nix v Williams, the Court said that if illegally obtained evidence (a statement, in this case, which led to a little girl's body) would, in all likelihood, eventually have been discovered legally (for example, by a large search party), it may be used, this is referred to as what esception to the exclusionary rule?

answer

the inevitable-discovery doctrine

question

Hopefully, a well organized, thorough and proper organization of a crime scene search will result in

answer

a meticulous search with no accidental destruction of evidence.

question

In United States v. Leon, the court established that illegally obtained evidence may be admissible if the police were truly not aware they were violating a suspect's 4th amendment rights. In this case, the police were following up on a tip from an unreliable informant, which later invalidated the warrant.This exception is called the

answer

Good faith doctrine

question

Physical evidence is

answer

anything material and relevant

question

In California vs. Greenwood, the Supreme Court ruled that

answer

Containers left on public property are open to search by police without a warrant

question

Ultraviolet lighting is good for finding

answer

trace evidence such as semen or fibers

question

When evidence is collected, an officer should record in his or her notes the

answer

time, date and location the item was found; the individual who found it; the case number; a description of the item; and who took it into custody

question

Which term refers to the spiral pattern cut down the length of a firearm's barrel?

answer

Rifling

question

This type of fingerprint, which is not readily visible, consists of impressions of the ridges of the fingers, transferred to other surfaces by sweat on the ridges of the fingers or because the fingers carry residue of oil, blood, dirt, or another substance. These prints are referred to as _____

answer

latent prints

question

Powders, Magnabrush techniques, laser technology, gelatin lifters and cyanoacrylate are all used to process what type of evidence

answer

fingerprints

question

AFIS stands for

answer

Automated Fingerprint Identification System

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DNA testing is expensive and takes a lot of time. Because of this, laboratories require that

answer

Samples be sumitted for both the suspect and the victim, sufficient material be collected, and evidence be probative

question

The number one mistake officers make in processing fingerprints with powders is

answer

over-processing fingerprints

question

The types of prints taken of persons with reason to be at the crime scene location are referred to as ___________fingerprints

answer

Elimination

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Fingerprints CANNOT indicate

answer

age, race, or gender

question

In the examination of objects of physical evidence, class characteristics are important because they

answer

place an item into a specific category

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Integrity of evidence refers to the requirement that any item introduced in court must be in the same condition as when it was found at the crime scene. This is documented by the chain of evidence also referred to as the

answer

Chain of custody

question

THe size and shape of chips and wear patterns in the blade of the screwdriver are __________ characterisitcs

answer

Individual

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DNA profiling can be done using

answer

cells from amost any part of the body

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Hair analysis can reveal all but

answer

age and Gender

question

The most frequently located type of microscopic evidence is

answer

Fibers

question

A genetic fingerprint is obtained from a suspect's

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DNA

question

When evidence is no longer needed, it is

answer

auctioned off, destroyed, or returned to the owner

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A way of folding paper so that evidence does not fall out is referred as

answer

druggist fold

question

Laboratory examination of ___________ under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) is still considered a reliable analysis method, although enhancements in technology have been necessary

answer

Gunshot residue (GSR)

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What evidence can indicate whether a suspect is running, lost,or carrying something heavy?

answer

footprints

question

What type of evidence forms a substantive part of the case or has a legitimate and effective influence on the decision of the case?

answer

exculpatory

question

What type of evidence has been properly collected, identified, filed and continuously secured?

answer

Competent

question

This method is Not recommended for developing latent fingerprints on unpainted wood, paper, cardboard or other obsorbent surfaces

answer

Powders

question

Evidence disposal can occur

answer

Continuously, annually or on a special day

question

The search of a vehicle does not required probate cause because vehicles are mobile

answer

False

question

Dogs can not be trained to search for exlosives

answer

False

question

Interior searches go from the general to the specific, usually in a circular pattern, covering all surfaces of a search area

answer

True

question

Plain-view evidence is admissible in court, no matter what the circumstances

answer

False

question

Officers may not seize contraband they discover during a legal search, but must ask consent

answer

False

question

Officers may use heat-sensing (thermal scanning) devices without a warrant

answer

False

question

The common denominator of all search patterns is that they are designed to systematically locate any evidence at a crime scene or any other area where evidence may be found

answer

True

question

There are some instances in which evidence may not evidence may not exist at the crime scene

answer

True

question

Under the consent once removed exception, officers can make a warrantless entry to arrest a suspect if consent to enter was given earlier to an undercover officer or informant

answer

True

question

A search with consent must be voluntary

answer

True

question

A search warrant can be issued to search for and seize property designed or intended for use in committing a crime scene.

answer

True

question

The consent to search must not be in response to an Officer's claim of lawful authority or in response to a command or threat by an officer

answer

True

question

Every lawful arrest

answer

...

question

During a stop of a moving vehicle, officers may search the vehicle and any closed containers in it with out probable cause or consent

answer

False

question

One of the reasons that the courts allow and inventory of vehciles an property is to prtect the owners property

answer

True

question

Property owners can content to police entry or search even though a tentant or guest has lawful right of possession of the premises

answer

Flase

question

The 4th amendment protects both people and places

answer

...

question

A mobile crime lab is a commercially customized van that provides compartments to hold equiment and countertops for processing evidence

answer

True

question

Having equipment available for evidence processing is important, but having been trained in the use of the equpiment is more important

answer

true

question

During the search of a crime scene it is generally easy to tell which items are evidence the primarily difficulty is collecting the items

answer

False

question

Probabilty serves no purpose in evidence the lab must determine whether or not the evidence exactely matches the standard of comparison

answer

False

question

To simplify testimony in court it is practical to haveone officer collect the item od evidence and another take notes

answer

False

question

Before, during, and after its examination, evidence must be securely protected and properly stored. However, once it is ready for court there are no issues regarding how it is stored

answer

False

question

Automating evidence storage can prevent many problems

answer

True

question

Evidence can be placed in any type of container, as long as it does not touch other evidence

answer

False

question

It does not matter what color of fingerprint powder you use when dusting for prints

answer

True

question

Deoxyribnucleic acid is used to compare sequences of nucleotides

answer

...

question

Fingerprints are a type of evidence that requires a standard of comparison

answer

True

question

Investigators should powder and lift every fingerprint they discover

answer

False

question

blood can be identified as human or animal

answer

true

question

Typewritten materials are untraceable and therefore impossible to link with a suspect

answer

False

question

Locard's exchange principle states that a criminal always takes something from the crime scene or leaves behind incriminating evidence

answer

True

question

Hairs are far more distinguishable than fibers

answer

False

question

Latent prints have been collected from human skin.

answer

True

question

DNA is extremely durable and generally unaffected by heat, sun light, moisture, bacteria, or mold

answer

...

question

Investigators have used lip prints and lip impressions to solve cases

answer

True

question

Evidence must be legally disposed of to prevent major storage problems

answer

True...

Ch 5 Exam-Criminal Investigation-Criminal Justice-Ashley Morris, Philadelphia, PA

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