Ch. 5 – Flashcards
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undermining the authority of the government
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What crime was Socrates tried and executed for in 399 B.C.E.?
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overpopulation and a limited food supply
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Which of the following was one of the causes of Greek colonization, and particularly persistent problem for Sparta?
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their most meaningful relationships were same-sex ones
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Which of the following was true of Sparta men?
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it was a divisive force in Greek life
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How did the geography of Greece affect its development?
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a body of rituals and beliefs not divulged to anyone not initiated into them
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Mystery religions featured which of the following?
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the polis was a community of citizens
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How was the Greek polis different from older models of city-states?
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it resembled modern cities and served as both a cultural and economic center
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Which of the following is true of the Hellenistic City?
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Thebes
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After defeating Athens in the Peloponnesian War, Sparta was defeated in 371 B.C.E. by what city-state?
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olive oil and wine
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Which of the following were major exports from Greek cities during the classical and Hellenistic periods?
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observations of the real world
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According to Aristotle, true knowledge could be discerned from which of the following?
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Herophilus
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Which early scientist dissected corpses to learn more about the anatomy and physiology?
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unable to put aside their quarrels and unite to defend themsleves
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Philip II of Macedonia was able to conquer Greece because the Greek city-states were ____________________.
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pleasure, which he defined as the absence of pain
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What did Epicurus believe was the principal good of human life?
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Archon
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What important position did Solon hold as he reformed Athens?
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they formed a society that lived in the island of Crete
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Which of the following is true pf the Minoans?
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human greed and desire for power
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What did Thucydides believed the Peloponnesian War?
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work together to liberate the Ionian colonies from Persian control
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After Philip II of Macedonia unified Greece, he called upon Greeks and Macedonians to do which of the following?
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Sicily
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What Mediterranean Island did Athens invade during the Peloponnesian War?
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it led to the creation of a society ruled by an aristocratic, warrior elite
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How did the Lycurgan system in Sparta shape its political organization?
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slaves were paid for their work
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What was unusual about slaves in Athens?
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he gave common citizens a place in the assembly
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What did Solon accomplish through his reforms in Athens?
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founding new cities with mixed populations
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The spread of Hellenistic culture was bolstered by Alexander's tradition of doing what in his newly conquered territories?
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Hoplites
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Which of the following refers to heavily armed Greek foot soldiers?
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"the rule of few people"
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What does the term "oligarchy" mean?
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to bear and raise children
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What was the main function of women from citizen families in Athens?
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Plato
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Which student of Socrates developed the theory of the "forms"?
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set out to conquer much of the rest of Asia
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What did Alexander the Great do after the Persian Empire fell?
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use natural means to address imbalances in the four basic humors
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What did Hippocrates think was the best way to treat illness?
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a marketplace
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What was an agora?
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Hydrostatics
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Archimedes's many contributions to Hellenistic science include his theories about which of the following?
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Ionia
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Athens and Persia began a series of wars over Greek cities in what region?
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the contests were unifying factors in Greek life
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What was the most important result of the athletic contests held at Olympia?
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his Macedonian army refused to continue fighting
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Why did Alexander's eastward expansion of his empire stop at the Hyphasis River?
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the rugged terrain discouraged expansion of any one center
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Why was the growth of great empires (like those in Mesopotamia and Egypt) less likely to develop in ancient Greece?
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they enjoyed a more active, public life than most other Greek women
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Which of the following is true of Spartan women?
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divine law
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The plays of Sophocles emphasized the precedence of which of the following over human law and customs?
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Athena and the greatness of Athens
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The crowning achievement of Pericles's rebuilding of the Acropolis was the Parthenon, a temple dedicated to which of the following?
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his empire was torn apart by more than 40 years of civil wars
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What happened to Alexander's empire following his death?
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he believed that earth and the planets revolve around the sun
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What was Aristarchus's most important contribution to astronomy?
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with many human characteristics
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How are the gods portrayed in the Homeric poems?
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coinage was developed to facilitate convenient , standard payments
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How was Hellenistic trading made easier?
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manual labor continued to produce most goods
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Why were slaves in high demand throughout the Hellenistic world?
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that the universe consisted of four substances--air, fire, earth, and water
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What did the Pre-Socrates conclude from their observations?
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they had a relatively modest material standard of living
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How was daily life of Greek elites similar to the lives of more ordinary people?
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Athenian imperialism
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Which of the following contributed to the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War?
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it was not autonomous
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How did the Hellenistic city differ from the polis?
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the boule and the ecclesia
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What two law-making bodies guided Athenian political life?
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a common Greek dialect that developed throughout the Hellenistic period
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What was koine?
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living a virtuous life
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What did the philosophy of Stoicism strongly emphasize?
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worship of a group of gods understood to live on Mount Olympus
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By the classical era, Greek religion focused on which of the following?
