CH 16 HW – Flashcards
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Julie is preparing vegetables for dinner and accidentally cuts her finger. She washes it with soap and water before covering it with a bandage. A short while later, Julie notices that her finger is red, swollen, warm to the touch, and very painful. Which of the following describes the process going on in Julie's finger?
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inflammation
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Inflammation is part of the second line of defense that is activated when the first line of defense is breached. Julie's first-line defenses were damaged when her injury occurred. Which of the following represents the first line of defense?
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skin and mucous membranes
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Which of the following cell types is NOT part of the second line of defense?
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plasma cells
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Why are memory cells an important product of an immune response?
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Memory cells allow subsequent immune responses against the same antigen to occur more strongly and more quickly.
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Components of the first line of defense
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Sebum (oil); sweat
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Components of the second line of defense
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Fever; NK cells
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Components of the third line of defense
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T lymphocytes; B lymphocytes
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Which non-specific defense mechanism is mismatched with its associated body structure or body fluid?
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mucociliary escalator intestines
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Which group contains ONLY innate physical defenses?
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intact skin, tears, ciliary escalator
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What direct effect do histamines and leukotrienes have on capillaries?
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They allow capillary walls to open and become leaky.
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Diapedesis is
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the migration of phagocytes through blood vessels to the site of tissue damage.
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Why is vasodilation important to tissue repair?
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It allows for an increased delivery of oxygen, nutrients, and phagocytes to the site of damage.
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Pus is comprised of
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dead phagocytes.
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Which of the following can release histamines?
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Cells from damaged tissues and the complement pathway
