question

Two of the Gilded Age's leading business figures were

answer

Thomas A. Scott and Andrew Carnegie

question

The phrase that best captures the vision of the Knights of Labor is:

answer

Cooperative commonwealth

question

hich of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?

answer

Munn v. Illinois; Wabash v. Illinois; Interstate Commerce Act; Lochner v. New York

question

Which of the following was not true of the second industrial revolution?

answer

A boom in automobile manufacture spurred the rise of oil, rubber, and steel production.

question

Which of the following was not a major reason for the decline and subjugation of the American Indian?

answer

Indifference to the advantages of guns and horses weakened Indian resistance to U.S. military power.

question

Which of the following was not a theme of Social Darwinism?

answer

The growing gulf between the haves and the have-nots poses a dire threat to American freedom.

question

Which of the following was not a focus of debate between Democrats and Republicans during the Gilded Age?

answer

federal income tax levels

question

Which of the following was not a key episode of the "great upheaval" of 1886?

answer

America's first nationwide railroad strike

question

Which was not a central factor in the explosive economic growth in the second Industrial Revolution?

answer

low tariffs

question

According to Eric Foner, the federal government contributed to the dynamic and expansive growth of the American economy in the late nineteenth century by:

answer

granting land to railroads, removing Indians from desirable lands in the West, and enacting high tariffs.

question

By 1913, the United States produced how much of the world's industrial output?

answer

one-third

question

Which census revealed for the first time that there were more non-farming jobs than farming jobs in the United States?

answer

1880

question

Between 1870 in 1920, how many immigrants arrived from overseas?

answer

25 million

question

The Industrial Revolution in the United States took place principally in:

answer

the Northeast and the Midwest.

question

The spirit of innovation contributed importantly to the dynamic and expansive growth of the American economy in the late nineteenth century. Which of the following was not an innovation of the 1870s and 1880s?

answer

the airplane

question

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the years from 1873 to 1897 were known as:

answer

the Great Depression.

question

All of the following were Captains of Industry except:

answer

samuel gompers

question

In 1890 the distribution of wealth in the United States was:

answer

the top 1 percent of Americans owned more property than the remaining 99 percent

question

What Indian chief said, "If the white man wants to live in peace with the Indian he can live in peace. There need be no trouble. Treat all men alike. Give them the same law. Give them all and even chance to live and grow"? Answer Selected Answer:

answer

Chief Joseph

question

The 1887 Dawes Act: Answer Selected Answer: .

answer

led to the loss of tribal lands, and the erosion of Indian cultural traditions

question

The politics of Gilded Age America was said to be: Answer Selected Answer:

answer

a time of dishonesty and corruption in which corporations battled each other for special consideration by local state and federal governments.

question

The political "boss" of New York City in the early 1870s was: Answer Selected Answer:

answer

William Marcy Tweed.

question

In the late nineteenth century, the Republican Party found particularly strong support among all of the following except: Answer Selected Answer:

answer

Irish-Americans.

question

The first federal agency intended to regulate economic activity, and ensure that railroad rates were reasonable and favoritism avoided was: Answer Selected Answer:

answer

The Interstate Commerce Commission

question

What was the name of the organization that sought to organize both skilled and unskilled workers, women as well as men, blacks along with whites, and achieved a membership of nearly 800,000 in 1886? Answer Selected Answer:

answer

the Knights of Labor

question

The book in which Henry George proposed a "single tax" on real estate that would replace all other taxes: Answer Selected Answer:

answer

Progress and Poverty

question

Which of the following can be associated with the death of the Knights of Labor? Answer Selected Answer:

answer

Haymarket Square

question

Which of the following best describes the "Ghost Dance?" Answer Selected Answer:

answer

feared by U. S. Army officials

question

Which of the following was John D. Rockefeller's Company? Answer Selected Answer:

answer

Standard Oil Company

question

Which type of industry did Andrew Carnegie make his fortune? Answer Selected Answer:

answer

steel

question

During the second industrial revolution, wage labor became America's leading source of livelihood. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

With the mechanization of manufacture, skilled workers virtually disappeared from industrial America. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

False

question

Wage reductions were commonplace during economic downturns. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

The West was a remarkably homogeneous region—only in the twentieth century would it become ethnically diverse. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

False

question

The extermination of the North American bison (buffalo) drastically undermined the livelihood of the Plains Indians. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

The Democrats were the party of big government; the Republicans were the party of laissez-faire. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

False

question

Neither of the two main political parties embraced any serious federal program to cushion citizens from poverty or unemployment. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

The Knights of Labor regarded inequalities of wealth and power as a growing threat to American democracy. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

During the two decades following the Civil War which were known as the golden age of the cattle kingdom, cowboys were highly paid. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

False

question

The new Indian tribes that migrated to the Great Plains were greeted with open arms and friendly words by the Indians already living there. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

False

question

In 1869, President Ulysses S. Grant announced a new "peace policy" in the West. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

Following the Civil War generals like Philip H. Sheridan set out to destroy the foundations of the Indian economy. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

The most famous Indian victory in American history took place in June 1876 when General George A. Custer and his 250 men perished. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

On 29 December 1890, soldiers killed between 150 and 200 Indians, most women and children, near Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

By the early 1890s, a pension system for Union soldiers, their widows and children, consumed more than 40 percent of the federal budget. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

American presidents during the Gilded Age exerted strong, effective, executive leadership. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

False

question

The Civil Service Act of 1883 marked the first step in establishing a professional civil service and removing officeholding from the hands of political machines. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, which banned combinations and practices that restrain free trade, proved an immediate success, both for its clarity of language and ease of enforcement. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

False

question

According to Social Darwinism, government should seek to help the poor, and build an activist state to regulate the nation's corporations. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

False

question

Yale professor William Graham Sumner believed that America could achieve its ideals only with fair, progressive, taxation. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

False

question

The term "Lochnerism" derived from the 1905 Supreme Court decision Lochner v. New York, in which the Court voided the state's law establishing a 10-hour day maximum for bakers. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

The Social Gospel movement concentrated on attacking individual sins such as drinking and Sabbath-breaking and saw nothing immoral about the pursuit of riches. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

False

question

The Haymarket Affair resulted in the hanging of four convicted anarchists. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

At the Battle of Little Big Horn, General George Armstrong Custer's troops were victorious. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

False

question

In the late 1800s, California tried to attract immigrants by advertising its pleasant climate and the availability of land, although large-scale corporate farms were coming to dominate the state's agriculture. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

"Vertically integration" is defined as one company controlling every phase of the business from raw materials to transportation, manufacturing, and distribution. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

The Electricity Building at the Chicago World's Fair of 1893 astonished visitors and illustrated how electricity was changing the visual landscape. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

Ida Tarbell authored the famous novel House of Mirth, which depicted the downfall of a young woman trying to "marry up" in society. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

False

question

By the 1880s, the labor situation was as such that Texas cowboys even went on strike for higher pay. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

A significant amount of Mexican-era landholdings were made available for sale because United States courts only recognized land titles to individual plots of land. Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

Inspired in part by President Garfield's assassination by a disappointed office seeker, the Civil Service Act of 1883 created a merit system for federal employees, Answer Selected Answer:

answer

True

question

Laissez-faire

answer

An economic doctrine holding that businesses and individuals should be able to pursue their economic interests without government interference.

question

Second Industrial Revolution

answer

Beginning in the late nineteenth century, a wave of technological innovations, especially in iron and steel production, steam and electrical power, and telegraphic communications, all of which spurred industrial development and urban growth.

question

Monopoly

answer

Corporation so large that it effectively controls the entire market for its products or services.

question

Standard Oil Company

answer

Corporation under the leadership of John D. Rockefeller that attempted to dominate the entire oil industry through horizontal and vertical integration.

question

Trust

answer

Business arrangement that gives a person or corporation (the 'trustee') the legal power to manage another person's money or another company without owning those entities outright.

question

Holding company

answer

Corporation established to own and manage other companies' stock rather than to produce goods and services itself.

question

Carnegie Steel Company

answer

Corporation under the leadership of Andrew Carnegie that came to dominate the American steel industry.

question

J. Pierpont Morgan and Company

answer

An investment bank under the leadership of J. Pierpont Morgan that bought or merged unrelated American companies, often using capital acquired from European investors.

question

Knights of Labor

answer

A national labor organization with a broad reform platform; reached peak membership in the 1880s.

question

Haymarket Riot (1886)

answer

Violent uprising in Haymarket Square, Chicago, where police clashed with labor demonstrators in the aftermath of a bombing.

question

American Federation of Labor

answer

Founded in 1886 as a national federation of trade unions made up of skilled workers.

question

Homestead Steel Strike (1892)

answer

Labor conflict at the Homestead steel mill near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, culminating in a battle between strikers and private security agents hired by the factory's management.

question

Pullman Strike (1894)

answer

A national strike by the American Railway Union, whose members shut down major railways in sympathy with striking workers in Pullman, Illinois; ended with intervention of federal troops.

question

Laissez-faire

answer

An economic doctrine holding that businesses and individuals should be able to pursue their economic interests without government interference.

question

Second Industrial Revolution

answer

Beginning in the late nineteenth century, a wave of technological innovations, especially in iron and steel production, steam and electrical power, and telegraphic communications, all of which spurred industrial development and urban growth.

question

Monopoly

answer

Corporation so large that it effectively controls the entire market for its products or services.

question

Standard Oil Company

answer

Corporation under the leadership of John D. Rockefeller that attempted to dominate the entire oil industry through horizontal and vertical integration.

question

Trust

answer

Business arrangement that gives a person or corporation (the "trustee") the legal power to manage another person's money or another company without owning those entities outright.

question

Holding Company

answer

Corporation established to own and manage other companies stock rather than to produce goods and services itself.

question

Carnegie Steel Company

answer

Corporation under the leadership of Andrew Carnegie that came to dominate the American steel industry.

question

J. Pierpont Morgan and Company

answer

An investment bank under the leadership of J. Pierpont Morgan that bought or merged unrelated American companies, often using capital acquired from European investors.

question

Knights of Labor

answer

A national labor organization with a broad reform platform; reached peak membership in the 1880s.

question

Haymarket Riot (1886)

answer

Violent uprising in Haymarket Square, Chicago, where police clashed with labor demonstrators in the aftermath of a bombing.

question

American Federation of Labor

answer

Founded in 1886 as a national federation of trade unions made up of skilled workers.

question

Homestead Steel Strike (1892)

answer

Labor conflict at the Homestead steel mill near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, culminating in a battle between strikers and private security agents hired by the factory's management.

question

Pullman Strike (1894)

answer

A national strike by the American Railway Union, whose members shut down major railways in sympathy with striking workers in Pullman, Illinois; ended with intervention of federal troops

question

Which of the following industries was the US not a world leader in by 1900?

answer

Gold

question

Andrew Carnegie invented the process that enabled a dramatic increase in the steel production.

answer

False

question

What was a reason that married women were offered less pay during the Gilded Age?

answer

Their husbands supported them

question

This man created the US first billion dollar corporation

answer

J.P. Morgan

question

Before the Civil War, if you were a young child and you had a job, most likely you worked

answer

on a farm

question

This individual led the American Federation of Labor

answer

Samuel Gompers

question

What was the US first billion dollar company?

answer

US steel corporation

question

Anarchists oppose all forms of government

answer

True

question

By 1900, ___ of college students were women

answer

1/3

question

In an effort to prevent corporations from obtaining market monopolies, congress passed the

answer

Sherman Anti-trust Act

question

The way in which businesses cultivated and brought influence from government officials is called

answer

lobbying

question

The Knight of Labors decline began because of its perceived involvement in

answer

the Haymarket riot

question

Power sources (such as water, coal, wood, and oil) were more expensive in the US than in other nations around the world

answer

false

question

This early union was more interested in working to craft state laws important to their members than directly bargaining with employers.

answer

National Labor Union

question

The number of inventions registered at the US patent office remained fairly constant through the 19th century

answer

false

question

After the civil war what was the complaint about the federal tariff?

answer

It was not forcing American companies to be competitive with their prices

question

The process Rockefeller used to gain control of his company's industry is known as

answer

Horizontal integration

question

After the second industrial revolution corporations tried their hands at...

answer

farming

question

When one company buys or forces out all of their competitors it is participating in

answer

horizontal integration

question

When one company buys everything needed to produce, market, and deliver their product, they have participated in

answer

vertical integration

question

John D Rockefeller is best associated with which industry?

answer

Oil

question

After the Civil War how did congress often finance its economic plans?

answer

Through the gifts of free land

question

What title was given to the political and economic leaders during the Gilded Age

answer

Robber Barons

question

What is one thing that the US had their other nations did not that helped spur the industrial revolution

answer

Vast natural recourses

question

Because of this machine and the belief that women were more dexterous than men the post civil war era saw an increase in the female workforce in businesses

answer

typewriter

question

The homestead strike ended with

answer

the workers union destroyed and their leaders imprisoned

question

The Foran Act made it illegal for federal or state government workers to join labor unions

answer

false

question

What is the term given to describe the ability of companies to afford technological improvements and the workforces to propel them into the modern age?

answer

Economies of scale

question

Most Americans experienced a rising standard of living in the late 19th century

answer

True

question

Which of the following is an example of a land grant college

answer

Kansas State University

question

The Legal Tender Act of 1862

answer

Allowed for the printing of paper currency

question

What economic doctrine was typically used during the post civil war era

answer

Laissez-faire

question

Which of the following was not a cause of industrial growth in the era following the civil war?

answer

a resurging southern economy

question

The sandlot incident was aimed at protesting the hiring of what group of immigrants

answer

Chinese

question

Andrew Carnegie is best associated with which industry

answer

steel

question

By 1897 the united states had more of this than all European nations combined

answer

railroads

question

Thanks to the electrical light

answer

owners made their workers work longer

question

The Haymarket affair was a peaceful protest against the use of child labor

answer

False

question

By the 1880's most states had outlawed child labor

answer

False

question

The legal entity allowed companies to sidestep laws that forbade them from owning stock in their competitors

answer

Trust

CH 16 – History – Flashcards

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