Ch. 1 Intro to Psych – Flashcards
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B.F. Skinner
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Psychologist who introduced the concept of reinforcement
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cognitive activity
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mental process, such as a dream or memory
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structuralism
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school of psychology that looks at the basic elements of conscious experience; founded by Wilhelm Wundt
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sociocultural perspective
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contemporary psychological approach that emphasizes study of ethnicity, gender, culture, and socioeconomic status
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John B. Watson
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founder of the school of behaviorism
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Socrates
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philosopher who stressed the importance of introspection
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Wilhelm Wundt
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founded structuralism; established the first psychology laboratory
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Gestalt psychology
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school of psychology that describes experience as a whole rather than broken down into part
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behavior
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action that can be observed or measured
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William James
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wrote the first modern psychology textbook
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cognitive perspective
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contemporary school of psychology interested in information processing
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Sigmund Freud
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early psychologist who influenced the psychoanalytic perpective
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George Engel
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modern psychiatrist who influenced the biopsychosocial approach
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associationism
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roots of the biological perspective; outlined by Aristotle
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economic status and gender
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areas studied by sociocultural theorists
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humanistic perpective
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contemporary school of psychology that focuses on consciousness and self-fulfillment
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social-learning theory
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belief that people choose to emulate what they have observed
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economic status and gender
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contemporary school of psychology influenced by Charles Darwin
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learning perspective
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school of psychology that emphasizes the effects of experience on behavior
