Ch. 1-4 Quizzes – Flashcards
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Diet is a: practice of restricting energy intake pattern of food choices method of reducing portion sizes technique to reduce carbohydrate intake
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pattern of food choices
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Which of the following conditions is not one of the 10 leading causes of death in the US? tuberculosis cancer heart disease stroke
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tuberculosis
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The nutrients that provide energy are: carbohydrate, vitamins, and lipids lipids, proteins, and minerals vitamins, minerals, and proteins proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
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proteins, fats, and carbohtdrates
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_____ refers to all chemical processes that occur in living cells
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metabolism
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Phytochemicals... are essential nutrients may have healthful benefits should be avoided are in animal sources of food
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may have healthful benefits
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Which of the following foods is energy and nutrient dense? peanut butter sugar-sweetened soft drink fat-free milk iceburg lettuce
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peanut butter
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Which of the following foods is a rich source of phytochemicals?
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peaches
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Which of the following conditions is a chronic disease? heart disease stroke cancer all of the above are correct
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all of the above are correct
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In the United States, the primary cause of preventable cancer death is physial inactivity tobacco use high-fat diet excessive alcohol intake
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tobacco use
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Conpared to 40 years ago, the typical American eats less fruit drinks more milk drinks more carbonated soft drinks eats more eggs
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drinks more carbonated soft drinks
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Lena weighs 165 lbs. What is her weight in kilograms?
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75 kg
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A serving of food contains 10g of carbohydrate, 2g protein, and 4g fat. Based on this ifnormation, a serving of this food supplies ___ kcal. 64 74 84 94
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84
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A serving of food supplies 20g carbohydrate, 4 g protein, and 10g fat, and 50g water. Which of the following statements is true about a serving of the food? Fat provides the most food energy Carbohydrate provides the most food energy Water provides the most food energy Fat provides about 25% of total calories
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Fat provides the most food energy
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Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense? potato chips broccoli butter chocolate chip cookie
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broccoli
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Which of the following statements is false? A megadose is 10x the recommended amount of a nutrient Megadoses of nutrients may behave like drugs in the body In general, megadoses of nutrients are safe to consuime A physiological dose of a vitamin is less than a megadose of a vitamin
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In general, megadoses of nutrients are safe to consume
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The _____ Program enables eligible low-income participants to use a special debit card to purchase food at authorized stores. Nutritious Food Purchase Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Healthy Diets for All Eat Better for Less
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Supplemental Nutrition Assistance
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The first step of the scientific method usually involves gathering data developing a hypothesis identifying relationships between variables making observations
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making observations
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A group of scientists observe a group of college students over 4 years to determine which of their characteristics leads to weight gain. This study is an example of: a case-control study a prospective study a retrospective study an experimental study
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a prospective study
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An aspect of _____ involves studying causes of health problems in a population epidemiology technobiology diseasiology censusology
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epidemiology
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Comparing individuals with iron-deficiency anemia to individuals who have very similar characteristics but are healthy would be an example of: a prospective study an anecdotal study a retrospective study a case-contorl study
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a case-control study
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Generally, epidemiology studies: establish causation provide correlations cannot determine cause-and-effect relationships are experimental-based research efforts that examine two variables
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cannot determine cause-and-effect relationships
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Which of the following journals does not have peer-reviewed articles? Journal of the American Medical Association American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Journal of Nutrition Association None of the About is correct
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None of the above is correct
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The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Agricultural Research Service (ARD) Centers for Disease-Control and Prevention (CDC)
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Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
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A testimonial is an unbiased report about a product's value a scientifically valid claim a personal endorsement of a product a form of scientific evidence
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a personal endorsement of a product
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Which of the following websites is most likely to provide biased and unreliable nutrition information? the site of a nationally recognized health association (.org) a site that promotes or sells dietary supplements (.com) the site of a US government agency (.gov) an accredited college or university's sire (.edu)
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a site that promotes or sells dietary supplements (.com)
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A fake treatment is a(n) anecdote double-blind study pseudoscience experiment placebo
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placebo
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Which of the following substances would be classified as a dietary supplement according to the Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act of 1994?
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ginseng
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The ____ is the federal agency that tried to ensure the safety and effectiveness of health-related products FDA FTC EPA USGS
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FDA
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The amount of a nutrient that should meet the needs of half of the healthy people in a particular group is the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) REcommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) Adequate Intake (AI) Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
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Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
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Which of the following statements is false? RDAs are standards for daily intakes of certain nutrients RDAs meet the nutrient needs of nearly all healthy people RDAs contain a margin of safety RDAs are requirements for nutrients
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RDAs are requirements for nutrients
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The Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) has a margin of safety does not account for a person's height, weight, or physical activity level is based on the average daily energy needs of a healthy person reflects a person's actual daily energy needs
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is based on the average daily energy needs of a healthy person
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A diet is likely to be safe and nutritionally adequate if average daily intakes for nutrients meet RDA or AI values intakes of various nutrients are consistently less that EAR amounts nutrient intakes are consistently about ULs vitamin supplements are included
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average daily intakes for nutrients meet RDA and AI values
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Nutritional standards, such as the RDAs, are use to develop formula food products the basis for establishing DVs used to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of diets All of the above are correct
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All of the above are correct
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According to the MyPlate plan, which of the following foods is grouped with dairy products?
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cheese
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Protein-rich food sources that also contain saturated fat and cholesterol include peanut butter dry beans nuts beef
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beef
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Fruit is generally a good source of all of the following substances, except fiber vitamin C phytochemicals protein
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protein
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The Dietary Guidelines for Americans is revised every year a set of general nutrition-related recommendations published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention All of the above are correct
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a set of general nutrition-related recommendations
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Which of the following foods would be classified as "empty calories" by MyPlate? chocolate syrup fat-free milk white bread corn oil
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chocolate syrup
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The Exchange System classifies foods in the same groups as MyPlate has exchange lists based on macronutrient contents is useful only for people who have diabetes incorporates high-protein foods with high-carbohydrate foods
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has exchange lists based on macronutrient contents
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Which of the following information is not provided by the Nutrition Facts panel? percentage of calories from fat amount of carbohydrate per serving serving size amount of trans fat per serving
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percentage of calories from fat
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Daily Values are for people who consume 1200 to 1500 hilocalorie diets based on the lowest RDA or AI for each nutrient dietary standards developed for food-labeling purposes used to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of population's diet
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dietary standards developed for food-labeling purposes
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Organically grown foods are nutritionally superior to conventionally produced foods produced without the use of antibiotics, pesticides, or genetic improvements usually less expensive than conventionally produced foods All of the above are correct
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produced without the use of antibiotics, pesticides, or genetic improvements
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People who follow Islamic dietary rules will not consume pork rice beef milk
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pork
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Which of the following substances is insoluble in water? fat sugar calcium sodium
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fat
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Which of the following substance has the lowest pH? plain coffee household ammonia plain water gastric juice
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gastric juice
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A ____ is a group of similar cells that perform similar functions. ribosome tissue cytoplasm system
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tissue
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Which of the following organs is an accessory organ of the digestive system? heart kidney liver bladder
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liver
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Which of the following statements is false? Arteries carry blood away from the heart Hemoglobin carries most of the ocygen in the blood Cells need oxygen to obtain energy All arteries carry deoxygenated blood
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All arteries carry deoxygenated blood
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Mechanical digestion begins in the mouth stomach small intestine liver
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mouth
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Two or more atoms that are held together by a chemical bond to form a pH molecile proton nucleus
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molecule
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A salt forms when a ____ combines with a ___.
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acid;base
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Chemical messengers in the body are enzymes cells capillaries hormones
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hormones
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Tiny, fingerlike projections of the small intestine that absorb nutrients are called lumen villi duodenum calculi
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villi
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A lacteal is a lymph vessel within each villus form of carbohydrate in milk muscular structure that regulates digestion in the large intestine specialized cell
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lymph vessel within each villus
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A _____ transports lipids in the bloodstream sodium acetate cholecystokinin gastrin chylomicron
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chylomicron
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The stomach secretes salivary amylase hydrochloric acid bile All of the above are correct
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hydrochloric acid
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Peristalsis is a common intestinal infection interferes with lipid absorption in the small intestine stimulates red blood cell formation in bone marrow helps move food/chyme through the digestive tract
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helps move food/chyme through the digestive tract`
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Starch digestion begins in the gastric pouch esophagus mouth gallbladder
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mouth
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Which of the following practices increases the risk of peptic ulcer? chewing gum smoking cigarettes drinking orange juice eating a low-fiber diet
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smoking cigarettes
