Certified Brain Injury Specialist Exam – Flashcards

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anoxia
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lack of oxygen
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hypoxia
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decreased oxygen
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A-B-C data
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A- antecedents B- behavior C- consequences collects information on what precedes and follows behavior, as well as, the unwanted behavior
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active treatment interaction
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a relationship that increases independence. Implies directed action, teaching and a certain degree of risk taking.
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akathisia
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inability to remain still, motor restlessness
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akinisia
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slowness and loss of movement
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amygdala
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"fight or flight" structure close to the hippocampus. tied to emotional memories and reactions.
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anosognosia
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lack of awareness of deficits
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anxiolytics
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anti-anxiety meds
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aphasia
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expressive/receptive difficulty with speech
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apraxia
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inability to conduct purposeful movement
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ataxia
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impaired ability to coordinate movement
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axon
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transmits signals from one cell body to another via synapses
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basal ganglia
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four nerve cell clusters, handle physical movement by relaying info from cerebral cortex to brainstem and cerebellum
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brain stem
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doesn't affect sight and smell top of spinal column in/out info and basic life functions medulla, pons and midbrain
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brocca's area
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left frontal-temporal lobe, speech production
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brocca's aphasia
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dysarthric (broken) speech
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wernicke's aphasia
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fluent jargon
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cerebellum
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in the lower back section of the brain coordinates, modulates and stores all body movement
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cerebral cortex
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four lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital right and left hemispheres
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clonic
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alternating contraction and relaxation of muscles
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contractures
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frozen non-functional position abnormal, usually permanent
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spacticity
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muscle resists stretching, increased muscle tone
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corpus callosum
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exchanges info between hemispheres
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diencephalon
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above midbrain - thalamus, hypothalamus forwards info, sensations and movement
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diffuse axonal injuries
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nerve cells stretching and breaking
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duration
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length of time that a behavior occurs
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frequency
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number of times a behavior occurs
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escape and avoidance
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behavior that gets someone out of an unpleasant situation or removes threat of one.
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extinction
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weakening of a behavior by absence of a positive consequence
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fading
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use of gradual change from artificial to more natural cueing stimuli
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hippocampus
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one in each temporal lobe associated with memory functioning
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hypothalamus
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controls hunger, thirst, sexual rhythems, endocrine levels, temperature regulation and conducts a person's emotions
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integumentary system
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skin, hair, nails, sweat and sebaceous (lubricating) glands
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latency
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length of time it takes to initiate/complete behavior
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