CBRN (FM 3-11) – Flashcards
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What does C.B.R.N. stand for?
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Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear
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NBC hazards are classified into two types, what are they?
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1. Immediate hazards- produce casualties immediately after attack 2. Residual hazards- Delayed effects
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What will replace the Nerve Agent Antidote Kit (NAAK) based on shelf life expiration dates?
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The Antidote Treatment, Nerve Agent Auto injector (ATNAA)
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What is the number of Antidote Treatment Nerve Agent Autoinjector (ATNAA) that must be given as immediate first aid treatment for nerve agent poisoning?
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3
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What is the number of Nerve Agent Antidote Kits (NAAK) that must be given as immediate first aid treatment for nerve agent poisoning?
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3
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Alarms and signals convey warnings of NBC contamination. Units use easily recognizable and reliable alarm methods to respond quickly and correctly to NBC hazards. What are three types of alarms and signals?
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1. Audible Alarms 2. Automatic Alarms 3. Visual Signals
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What Field Manual covers NBC Operations?
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FM 3-11
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What Field Manual covers NBC Protection?
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FM 3-11.4
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What Field Manual covers NBC Decontamination?
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FM 3-5
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What is FM 3-7?
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NBC Handbook
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What forms do Chemical Agents come in?
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1. Vapors 2. Solids 3. Liquids 4. Gases
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Soldiers in MOPP 4 may lose how much water per hour through perspiration?
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1 quart or more
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When fitting the protective mask, in what sequence should the straps be tightened?
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1. Forehead straps 2. Cheek straps 3. Temple straps
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Which of the NBC reports is most widely used?
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NBC 1
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What are the three types of procedures for MOPP gear exchange?
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1. Buddy Team 2. Triple Buddy 3. Individual
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What are three fundamentals of NBC defense?
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1. Avoid contamination 2. Protection 3. Decontamination
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How long should you apply pressure when using the Auto injector?
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10 seconds
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What do you do with the Auto injector after injecting?
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Stick it through the pocket flap (upper left) so that you do not lose count and so that someone that happens to come across the casualty will know that they have already been given X amount of injections and will not give them more than needed.
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The protective mask will not protect against what two types of gases?
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Ammonia vapors or carbon monoxide
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When giving Buddy Aid, whose auto injectors would you use?
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The other person (the person's auto injectors that is receiving the medication)
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When giving Buddy Aid, how long should you wait if still experiencing the symptoms of Nerve agent, to administer a second nerve agent antidote (MK1)?
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Immediately give the second and third
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When giving Self Aid, how long should you wait if still experiencing the symptoms of a Nerve Agent before administering a second MK1?
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Wait 10 to 15 minutes; also wait 10 to 15 minutes between 2nd and 3rd
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Once a unit has masked, who can make the decision to unmask?
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The unit commander
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What is the shape of the contamination markers?
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Triangle
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What type of attack does an M22 ACADA alarm warn you of?
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Chemical (ACADA = Automatic Chemical Agent Detection Alarm)
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What are the three levels of Decontamination?
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1. Immediate 2. Operational 3. Thorough
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How often should you check your protective mask during peacetime?
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Before, during and after training events, monthly, and semi-annually. (refer to TM 3-4240-339-10 and 20&P manuals) The minimum is MONTHLY...
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What are the dimensions of an NBC marker?
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11 1/2 inches on the top by 8 inches on either side
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What are the 9 mild symptoms of nerve agent poisoning?
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1. Unexplained runny nose 2. Unexplained headache 3. Sudden drooling 4. Difficulty seeing (dimness of vision and miosis) 5. Tightness in the chest or difficulty in breathing 6. Localized sweating and muscular twitching in the area of contaminated skin 7. Stomach cramps 8. Nausea 9. Tachycardia followed by bradycardia (Tachycardia is an abnormally rapid heartbeat wth a heart rate of over 100 beats per minute. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute)
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What are the 11 severe symptoms of nerve agent poisoning?
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1. Confused behavior. 2. (difficulty in breathing), coughing, & Wheezing, . 3. Pinpointed pupils. 4. Red eyes with tearing. 5. Vomiting. 6. Bad muscular twitching and general weakness. 7. Involuntary urination and defecation. 8. Convulsions. 9. Unconsciousness. 10. Respiratory failure. 11. Bradycardia.
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When crossing a contaminated area, what 2 things should you avoid doing?
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raise up dust and touching anything
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Of these 3, Nerve, Blood, and Blister agents, which causes the most casualties?
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Nerve agents
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How should an area that is suspected of contamination be crossed?
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Quickly, avoiding depressions and vegetation
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What are the 3 effects of a nuclear explosion?
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1. Blast 2. Heat 3. Radiation
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What is the color of a Nuclear (radiological) contamination marker?
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White background with ATOM in black letters
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What is the current U.S. policy regarding the use of Nuclear assets?
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Last Resort, will use first only if necessary
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What are Flash Burns?
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Direct burns produced by the flash of thermal radiation from the fireball
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What causes the most casualties in a nuclear attack?
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The initial blast and the heat of detonation
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What is the difference between Dose Rate and Total Dose?
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Dose Rate is the amount of radiation per hour; Total Dose is the actual accumulation
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Who has the authority to order the use of nuclear weapons?
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Only the President of the U.S.
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What are the 3 types of nuclear bursts?
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1. Air 2. Ground 3. Subsurface
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What does an AN VDR-2 detect and measure?
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Nuclear radiation.
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An NBC-1 report is used to determine what?
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NBC weapons usage by the enemy
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What FM covers Nuclear Contamination Avoidance?
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FM 3-11.3
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For maximum radiation effect, which nuclear burst would you use?
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Air burst
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What is the best way to protect against Biological agents?
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Personal hygiene
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What is a vector?
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Are insects used to pass on biological agents (fleas, ticks, lice, mosquitoes)
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What is the current U.S. policy regarding the use of Biological assets?
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No Use
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What is meant by Biological Warfare?
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The use of germs or toxins by an enemy, to cause death and disease among personnel, animals, plants, or more rarely, to deteriorate material
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What is the color of a Biological contamination marker?
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Blue background with BIO in red letters
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What does FM 3-3 cover?
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CBRN Contamination Avoidance
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What are the 4 types of microorganisms found in Biological agents?
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1. Bacteria 2. Fungi 3. Rickettsiae 4. Viruses
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What is the best decontamination for Biological agents?
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Warm soapy water
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Where would a biological attack be most effective?
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Cities, large troop concentrations, animals and vegetable crops
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How may Chemical Agents be deployed?
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1. Arterial spray 2. Artillery bombs 3. Individuals (pollution of water, food and supplies) 4. Mines 5. Rockets
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What are the most effective times to use chemical agents?
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Evening and early morning (The lack of wind and sun allows the agents to persist)
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Chemical agents are classified by the U.S. into 3 categories, name them
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1. Persistent 2. Non-Persistent 3. Dusty
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What is the current U.S. policy regarding the use of Chemical assets?
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No First Use
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What is the color of the Chemical contamination marker?
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Yellow with GAS in Red letters
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What are the 4 types of Chemical agents?
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1. Nerve 2. Blister 3. Blood 4. Choking
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What decontamination equipment is available for chemical agents?
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There are 7 different decontamination equipment available for chemical agents. (FM 3-11.5)
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