Causes and Consequences Munich Conference (Study Cards for Essay) – Flashcards

- Munich Conference of 1938 important historical event -NZ and around the World -Hitler wants to combine all German speaking nations & reoccupy sudetenland -Causes: TOV, Reoccupation of the rhineland, Anchluss with Austria & Demand of Czechoslovakia by German. -Consequences: Munich Agreement, March into sudetenland, german takeove Czechoslovakia and the Nazi Soviet Pact.

-28th June 1919 -Signified end of WW1 -440 articles decided by 32 nations 'BIG FOUR': Woodrow Wilson (USA) , George Clmenceau (France), Lloyd George (Britian) & Vittorio Orlando (Italy). -Germany take blame for war, army restricted to 100,000 men, pay 6.6 billion in reperations, lose 13% of their territory (7 new countries formed out of land e.g Czechoslovakia which had 3 million Germans in Sudetenland

-1936 -Hitler took advantage of Abbyssinian Crisis -Britian and France distracted by territory claims by Mussolini in Africa. -March 7th 22,000 Germans marched into Rhineland. -warnings of reteliation if hitler broke TOV -No reteliation from France that was situated on the boarer of Rhineland. -French army outnumbered German but uncertain if Britian would Support them.

-March 1938 -Had been forbidden under TOV. -First pushed by Hitler in 1934. -Campaigned by encouraging Nazi fifth Columnists and for Nazis to cause havic through Austria. -Assasination of Dollfuss (Austrian Chancellor) who denied agreement, Italy came to the aid of Austria and forced Hitler to stand down.

-Schuschnigg called a plebiscite wheather Austria stayed independent or joined Germany. -Hoped to prove Hitler wrong -Fifth coloumists began to blackmail citizens to gain votes. -Schuschnigg was taken to Germany to meet Hitler where he was told Hitler was to invade the next day. -resigned 11th March

-Germany wanted to reunite their men in the same boarder and wanted a leader to reclaim what had been 'lost under the treaty of Versailles'. -Hitler demanded Sudetenland to be returned -lead to Munich conference where leaders descussed how to respond to Hitlers demands.

-significant as remiliteriseation of the rhineland was a shift of power in Europe in Germans Favour. -appeasement by britian and france, gave Hitler confidence to continue to gain back land. -lead to his demands for the Sudetenland at the Munich Conference.

-Germans sent in 12th -welcomed by most Austrians -Germany gained 100,000 men, weapon resources. -Czechoslovakia was surrounded on 3 fronts -Hitler=confident to continue demands for territories. -Meeting in Munich to discuss the fate of sudetenland and Czechoslovakia.

-2nd attempt was succesfull because Italy would not come to Austrias aid due to Rome-Berlin axis which allied Italy and German. -Britian and France pre-occupied and unlikely to help. -fifth colunmists create disturbance and riots

-1938 -Hitler demands that Czechoslovakia sudetenland recieve self-determination. -Nazi prescence in sudetenland ny financing the German Party. -Ordered Heinlein, to create civil unrest by encouragingdivision unmong race groups in Czechoslovakia.

-Chamberlain and French PM urged Czechoslovakia to allow Hitler the Sudetenland. -Presedent of Czechoslovakia did not want to concede to the demands as it contained major fortifications and factories -A highley desirable region to occupy. -Meant they were vulnerable to future invasion if lost Sudetenland.

-May 1938 armies moved to boarder as an imitation tactic makeing Eduard Benes position his armies along the boarder -29th & 30th September 1938 Munich Conference took place called by Chamberlain, Dladier and Mussolini. -Russia & Czechoslovakia were excluded. -These coultries were willing to appease Hitler as they thought handing over Sudetenland would refrain Hitler from other attacks

-If Czechoslovakia refused they would face Germany with no assistance. -Benes withdrew his Troops from Sudetenland. -Chamerlain succeded with the tactic of appeasment and returned to Britian as he achieved "peace for our time". -Affected lasting peace as it caused Russia to distrust Bririan and France. -Allowed Germany past all of Czechoslovakias western defence leaving it defenceless to attack.

-Due to Munich agreement Hitler could take over Sudetenland land and did with no retalliation October 1st 1938. -March 15th 1939 Hitler threatened the new Czechoslovakia president if they didnt hand over the rest of Czechoslovakia a bombing raid would be placed on Prague. -German army went into Czechoslovakia through Bohemia and Moravia, by evening arrived in Prague. -Czechoslovakia stood silently on the streets as Hitler and His troops marched in.

-Shocked the entire world as Hiter defyed all previous agreements. -Proved appeasement was not an effective startergie -Moving into WW2, with Britian and France realising force had to be used if another invasion occured.

- April 1939 Stalin had suggested an allience between Britian, France & Russia to defeat Germany & Protect Poland from future invasion. -negotiations took too long making an agreement impossible to meet. -Stalin did not believe Britian and France would support him in standing up to Germany. -Poland would not let Russian troops into its boarders. -Stalin nd Hitler established a new Pact on 23rd August 1939.

-A promise to not go to war with each other -Suprise as one of Hiters greatest hates was communisim but to get Poland he needed to form an allience with Russia to avoid two front wars. -The Pact included If Poland were to be invaded the land would be divided between the two. -Britian Pledged a promise to Poland in the Anglo Polish Pact. -If Poland was invaded, British army would come to their aid. -Linked to invasion of Poland and start of WW2.

-1st September 1939 -Germany instigated a Blitzkrieg to invade and enter Poland -Britian and France who were allies with Poland forced Hitler to Withdraw all troops from Poland by 11am on the 3rd September. -Hitler failed to meet requirements and war was decleared.

-Every allie including NZ followed withing days the World was at war. -Hitler had complete controll over Poland by 28th September. -This started another devestating World War only 25 years after WW1 "The war to end all Wars"

-Munich conference was important as the consequences lead to WW2. -Main Factors leading to Czechoslovakian Crisis and Munich Conference=Treaty Of Versailles, The Reoccupation Of The Rhineland, Anchluss With Austria and Demands For Sudetenland. -The Causes lead to the Munich Conference was March into Sudetenland, Takeover of Czechoslovakia, Nazi Soviet and Aglo Polish Pact and Invsion of Poland. - Triggered the start of WW2 which changed lives, not only in the past but today.