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God's commands are the sole basis of right and wrong

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Which best describes the ethical view known as Divine Command Theory?

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What is right is determined by the beliefs of the surrounding culture

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Which is the best definition of the moral view known as ethical relativism?

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There would be no such thing as moral progress

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If ethical relativism is the correct view of ethics, which claim would be true?

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Some universal roles could still hold, such as the ban against murder

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If ethical relativism is correct, which conclusion follows about universal moral roles?

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The practice should continue in cultures where it is socially approved

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If ethical relativism is correct, which is the correct response to polygamy?

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Some cultures do not have consistent beliefs about what is right.

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Which would make it impossible for ethical relativists to determine what is right?

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Act only on rules that can be consistently universalized

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Which provides the best expression of Kant's famous categorical imperative?

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The golden rule appears to allow immortal acts such as adultery

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Which objection does Kant raise against the traditional Golden Rule?

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A world of liars is morally inconsistent

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Which moral objection to lying is based on the categorical imperative?

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Promises would be impossible if no one in the world kept them

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Which defense of keeping one's promises is most clearly Kantian?

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The right act is the one that promotes an agent's own long term interests

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Which statement provides the best description for the moral view known as egoism?

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Themselves and no one else

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For which group do egoists acknowledge or recognize moral obligations?

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Ethical egoists are never honest, generous, or gracious

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Which statement draws an incorrect conclusion about ethical egoists?

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There is no such thing as a truly unselfish act

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Which statement best captures the basic idea of psychological egoism?

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Assisting the poor gave Hobbes some personal satisfaction

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Which moral justification did Hobbes, as an egoist, give for helping a beggar?

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Maximize happiness or pleasure for the affected group as a whole

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Which is the moral standard of the ethical theory known as utilitarianism?

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200 units of pleasure with 50 units of pain

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Which of the following results would be favored by utilitarian ethics?

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The cannibalism produced more pleasure than alternative choices

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Which of the following defenses of an act of cannibalism is utilitarian?

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Almost any action could be right given the proper circumstances

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Which statement is true on the most reasonable interpretation of utilitarian ethics?

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Utilitarianism places too much stress on the group over the individual

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Which complaint is most legitimately raised against classic utilitarian ethics?

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Unlike Kant's ethics, utilitarians judge actions by their consequences

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Which constitutes a major difference between Kant's ethics and utilitarianism?

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The power to force citizens to sell their property for public use

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Which defines the state's constitutional power known as eminent domain?

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One can be forced to sell to other private citizens, if the property is upgraded

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Which ruling about eminent domain was passed in Kelo vs. New London (2005)?

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Nestle's use of the water was not in connection with the land

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Which argument was used to oppose Nestle's bottled water operation in Michigan?

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Always take the distribution that maximizes happiness for the economy

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Which general principal is used by utilitarians for economic distribution?

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10,000,000/200/5,000,000

answer

Which distribution would be selected by Mill, where entries are units of pleasure?

question

Protection from harm by other citizens and foreign enemies

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According to libertarians, which is the only legitimate function of government?

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The right not to be murdered

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Which of the following entitlements is considered a negative right?

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Requirement that drivers use a seat belt when in motion

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Which of he following traffic regulations is most clearly paternalistic?

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The right to life / right to air ; water

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Which would the citizens demand to keep under Hobbe's classic contract?

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A hypothetical state where the rules for a just society are formulated

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Which most accurately describes what John Rawls means by the original position?

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Acting from self interest but without bias toward any social group

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Which is the best description of those behind Rawl's veil of ignorance?

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Political rights should be distributed to everyone to the same degree

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Which best describes the first of Rawl's two principles for a just society?

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Every right should be given that can be consistently given to everyone

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Which standard is used by John Rawls for the distribution of political rights?

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Select the distribution that does the best for those at the bottom

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Which statement most accurately describes Rawl's maximin principle?

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1,000,000/500,000/300,000

answer

Which economic distribution would be selected by Rawl's maximin principle?

question

The utility of one additional unit of some good

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Which best defines the economic concept of marginal utility?

question

$10.00

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If added to the following sums, in which case does $1 have the highest marginal utility?

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Utilitarians focus only on the total income, ignoring individual shares

answer

Which criticism of Mill's utilitarian distribution is offered by John Rawls?

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Damages to burn victims cost less than the repair costs

answer

Why did Lee Iacocca decide not to add a safety bar to his Ford Pinto?

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Ethical egoism

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Which moral theory can most clearly justify Iacocca's management decision?

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Workers get whatever they earn under the rules governing the competition

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Which best describes the actual process of distribution in a capitalist economy?

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Money concentrated in a few families over generations leads to mal-distribution

answer

Which is the classic economic justification under capitalism for the inheritance tax?

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Inheritance should be abolished with a few exceptions such as one's spouse

answer

Which best describes the general attitude of D.W. Haslett toward inheritance?

question

For social purposes, the corporation itself is considered a legal person

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Which feature is the most distinctive characteristic of corporations?

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We own our bodies and any property produced by our own sweat

answer

Which best describes John Locke's classic theory of private property?

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The common good is served when all seek their self-interest

answer

Which is the best description of Adam Smith's so-called invisible hand?

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Our laws should be grounded on best available ethical standards

answer

Which best describes the proper relationships between ethics and law?

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Whatever you feel is right is right

answer

Subjectivism which is?

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Any action, even killing children

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Divine Command theory is correct which results would follow?

question

Practice should be continued when it is socially approved

answer

If ethical relativism is correct what is correct response to plagiary (more than one wife)

question

Helping the beggar will give personal satisfaction

answer

Which moral justification did Hobb for helping the beggar

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Mr. Smith action is motived by genuine optimism

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Which of the following will prove this view wrong?

question

Prevents duties, doesn't require stuff

answer

What Kant said against the golden rule?

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Following golden rule will make you a victim of your enemy

answer

Which criticism of Nechia

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Respecting privacy will bring more pleasure to the whole group

answer

Which reason to hacking Harvard is closely utilitartian?

question

Utiliatism whether an action right is determines consequence

answer

Meta-ethical: compare utilitarism to Kantian which correct about consequences

question

"by directing that industry in such a manner ... lead by an invisible hand" under capitalism we're all selfish and want to get as big of a wage as we can. -but if you set it up correctly, an invisible hand will help set good wages and costs -no one would want to take a smaller share and no one would tolerate someone having a bigger share. All have equal power, all have "fair" result, even though no one in the group is trying to be fair.

answer

Adam Smith's invisible hand

question

Laws may permit unethical actions such as genocide

answer

Which best indicates that ethical standards and laws are not identical?

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Water contains more hydrogen than oxygen

answer

Which of the following is most clearly an objective statement or claim?

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X could be right for some but wrong for others

answer

If subjectivism is correct, which would follow a moral action X?

question

You are obligated to do X only if you consented to X in a contract

answer

Which describes your moral obligations under a contractarian theory of ethics?

question

An act X may be right in some cultures but not in others

answer

If ethical relativism were the correct theory, which result would follow?

question

Laws should be tied to the best available ethical standards.

answer

Which describes the most suitable relationship between ethics and the law?

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