Bone Cancer – Flashcards
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Bone Cancer
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- primary (uncommon) - secondary (common)
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Primary Bone Cancer
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- 4 types 1) osteosarcoma 2) chondrosarcoma 3) fibrosarcoma 4) others (Ewing sarcoma, osteoclastoma)
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Primary Bone Cancer (osteosarcoma)
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- bone forming tumor - most common primary form - usually around knee - aggressive (mets to lung) - ~75% before age 20 - ~25% after age 60
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Primary Bone Cancer (chondrosarcoma)
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- cartilage forming tumor - 2nd most common primary form - knee, shoulder, hip, pelvis - slower progression - metastasizes late
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Primary Bone Cancer (fibrosarcoma)
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- tumor of fibrocytes - uncommon - not limited to bone
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Primary Bone Cancer (Ewing sarcoma)
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- 5 to 15 years - genetic component - mostly in long bones
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Primary Bone Cancer (osteoclastoma)
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- large cells appear - uncommon - usually occurs around knee (destructive)
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Secondary Bone Cancer
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- bone is common secondary site (well perfused) - 50% of all cancers spread to bone - lytic (breakdown) or blastic (forming) lesions - destruction of normal bone, formation of malignant cells
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Bone Cancer Manifestations
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- pain -swelling - fractures -malignancy inhibits remodelling-> fracture
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Bone Cancer Diagnosis
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- xray - CT scan - bone scan
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Bone Cancer Treatment
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- treat pain - prevent fractures - chemo, radiation - surgery (bloc excision, amputation)
