BIS 111 Chapter 6 – Flashcards
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1. Today's Chief Information Officers are finding that business intelligence software is unnecessary and a financial burden for most companies.
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False
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2. Information can tell an organization how it's currently performing and help it estimate and strategize for future plans and performance.
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True
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3. Information quality refers to the extent of detail within the information (fine and detailed or coarse and abstract).
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False
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4. There are two main primary traits that help you determine the value of information including timeliness and quality.
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False
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5. If a manager identifies numerous data integrity issues he should consider the reports generated from that data as invalid and not use them when making decisions.
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True
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6. The core component of any system, regardless of size, is a database and a database management system.
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True
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7. MMSDB creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling access and security.
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False
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8. A foreign key provides details about data.
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False
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9. There are three primary data models for organizing information including the hierarchical, network, and relational database models.
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True
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10. The three primary data models for organizing information in a DBMS are 1-hierarchical, 2-network, and 3-metadata.
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False
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11. Databases offer many security features including passwords to provide authentication, access levels to determine who can access the data, and access controls to determine what type of access they have to the information.
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True
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12. Relational integrity constraints enforce business rules vital to an organization's success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints.
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False
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13. Data redundancy is the duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in multiple places.
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True
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14. Relational databases offer many advantages over using a text document or a spreadsheet, which include decreased flexibility and decreased scalability and performance.
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False
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15. A data-driven website can help limit the amount of information displayed to customers based on unique search requirements.
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True
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16. Data-driven website offer several advantages as it is far easier to manage content and store large amounts of data.
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True
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17. Zappos is an online shoe retailer, built its data-driven website catering to a specific niche market: consumers who were tired of finding that their most-desired items were always out of stock at traditional retailers.
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True
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18. A data warehouse is a logical collection of information, gathered from many different operational databases, that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks.
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True
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19. Data warehouses struggle with combining too much standardized information.
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False
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20. A data warehouse is a tool that helps in many ways, including implementing customer profiles, hurting business operations, and many times alienating competitors.
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False
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21. Within the data warehouse model, the internal databases could include marketing, sales, inventory, and billing.
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True
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22. A data miner contains a subset of data warehouse information.
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False
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23. ETL, within a data warehouse model, stands for exit, track, and load.
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False
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24. Within the data warehouse model, the external databases could include competitor information, industry information and stock market analysis.
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True
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25. A data mart is the process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone.
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False
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26. Data-mining tools use a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information that predict future behavior and guide decision making.
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True
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27. Text mining analyzes structured data to find trends and patterns in words and sentences.
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False
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28. The financial industry uses business intelligence to predict hardware failures.
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False
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29. The banking industry uses business intelligence to understand customer credit card usage and nonpayment rates.
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True
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30. Many organizations find themselves in the position of being data rich and information poor. Even in today's electronic world, managers struggle with the challenge of turning their business data into business intelligence.
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True
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31. Transactional information is used when performing operational tasks and repetitive decisions such as analyzing daily sales reports and production schedules to determine how much inventory to carry.
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True
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32. Timely information must be up-to-the-second to be accurate.
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False
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33. Organizational information comes at different levels and in different formats and granularities.
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True
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34. Reports for each sales person, product, and part are examples of detail or fine information granularities.
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True
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35. A foreign key is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table.
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False
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36. One of the advantages found in a relational database is increased information redundancy.
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False
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37. Relational integrity constraints are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints.
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True
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38. The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to perform transactional processes.
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False
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39. Extraction, transformation, and loading is a process that extracts information from internal databases, transforms the information using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads the information into an external database.
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False
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40. The data warehouse is a location for all of business information.
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False
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41. Employees need to compare different types of information for what they commonly reveal to make strategic decisions. Which of the below represents the three common types of information found throughout an organization?
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C. Levels, formats, granularities
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42. Which of the following represents the different information levels?
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C. Individual, department, enterprise
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43. Which of the following represents the different information formats?
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B. Document, presentation, spreadsheet, database
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44. Which of the following represents the different information granularities?
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A. Detail, summary, aggregate
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45. Which of the following is not a primary trait of information?
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D. Quantity
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46. What encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of work and its primary purpose is to support the performing of daily operational tasks?
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A. Transactional information
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47. What encompasses all organizational information and its primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks?
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B. Analytical information
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48. What is immediate, up-to-date information?
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A. Real-time information
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49. What provides real-time information in response to query requests?
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B. Real-time systems
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50. What is one of the biggest pitfalls associated with real-time information?
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C. It continually changes
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51. Which of the following is not one of the five characteristics common to high-quality information?
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C. Quantity
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52. What is a real-time system?
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B. Provides real-time information in response to query requests
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53. Which of the following implies that aggregate or summary information is in agreement with detailed information?
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C. Consistency
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54. Which of the following implies that information is current with respect to the business requirement?
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D. Timeliness
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55. What is it called when each transaction, entity, and event is represented only once in the information?
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A. Uniqueness
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56. Which of the following refers to the extent of detail within the information?
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B. Information granularity
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57. Which of the following represent the four primary traits that help determine the value of information?
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A. Information type, information timeliness, information quality, and information governance
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58. What are the two different categories for information type?
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C. Transactional and analytical
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59. Which of the following encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support daily operational tasks?
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D. Transactional information
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60. Which of the following encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks?
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A. Analytical information
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61. Which of the following companies used analytical analysis to identify a correlation between storms and the increased sale of Pop-Tarts?
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D. Walmart
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62. Ben works at a top accounting firm in Salt Lake City and his responsibilities include writing letters, memos, and emails along with generating reports for financial analysis and marketing materials for products. Ben's duties provide value-added to his company and would be categorized as occurring at the different ____________.
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B. Information formats
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63. Ben works at a top accounting firm in Salt Lake City and his responsibilities include developing individual and departmental goals, and generating financial analysis across departments and the enterprise as a whole for the executive team to review. Ben's duties provide value-added to his company and would be categorized as occurring at the different ____________.
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A. Information levels
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64. Ben works at a top accounting firm in Salt Lake City and his responsibilities include developing reports for each salesperson, product, and part as well as departmental-wide sales reports by salesperson, product, and part. Ben's duties provide value-added to his company and would be categorized as occurring at the different ____________.
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C. Information granularities
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65. Which of the following refers to immediate, up-to-date information?
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C. Real-time information
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66. Which of the below does not represent a company that requires up-to-the-second information?
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D. Construction companies
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67. Which of the following provides real-time information in response to requests?
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C. Real-time system
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68. Which of the following are examples of transactional information?
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A. Airline ticket, sales receipts, and packing slips
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69. Which of the following are examples of analytical information?
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C. Future growth analysis, sales projections, and product statistics
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70. Most people request real-time information without understanding that continual __________ is one of its biggest pitfalls.
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B. Change
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71. Which of the following occurs when the same data element has different values?
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D. Data inconsistency issue
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72. Which of the following occurs when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or duplicate data? A. Data inconsistency issue B. Data integrity issue C. Data control issue D. Data mining issue
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B. Data integrity issue
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73. Which of the following lists include all of the five characteristics common to high-quality information?
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D. Accuracy, completeness, consistency, timeliness, and uniqueness
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74. Which of the following would not be considered part of the complete characteristic of high-quality information?
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B. Is each transaction represented only once in the information?
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75. Which of the following would not be considered part of the timely characteristic of high-quality information?
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A. Is the zip code missing in the address?
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76. Which of the following would not be considered part of the accurate characteristic of high-quality information?
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D. Is aggregate information in agreement with detailed information?
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77. Which of the following would not be considered part of the unique characteristic of high-quality information?
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C. Is aggregate information in agreement with detailed information?
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78. Which of the following would not be considered part of the consistent characteristic of high-quality information?
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B. Is the two digit state code missing in the information?
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79. Which of the following represents a reason for low-quality information?
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D. All of the above
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80. Nestle is one of the companies shown as an example of low-quality information causing problems for the company. Which of the following are some of the errors they found in the data or information?
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D. All of the above
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81. Some of the serious business consequences that occur due to using low-quality information to make decisions are all of the following except:
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C. The success of the organization depends on appreciating and leveraging the low-quality information
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82. What is the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of company data?
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B. Data governance
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83. What maintains information about various types of objects, events, people, and places?
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A. Database
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84. A database maintains information on __________.
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D. All of the above
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85. In the relational database model, what is a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored?
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A. Entity
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86. Why do relational databases use primary keys and foreign keys?
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C. To create logical relationships
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87. What is a primary key?
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A. A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table
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88. What is a foreign key?
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B. A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables
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89. Which of the following is a disadvantage of database-stored information?
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C. Increased data redundancy
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90. Which of the following is incorrect in reference to a database?
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C. Database information is accessed by physical structure
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91. What is the physical view of information?
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A. Deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device such as a hard disk
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92. Which of the following is correct in reference to a database?
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C. A database can support many logical views
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93. Which of the following creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling access and security?
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B. Database management system
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94. Which of the following asks users to write lines of code to answer questions against a database?
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A. Structured query language
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95. What is the primary tool that retrieves information and helps users graphically design the answer to a question?
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C. Query-by-example tool
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96. What is the smallest or basic unit of information?
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B. Data element
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97. What is a logical data structure that details the relationship among data elements using graphics or pictures?
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A. Data model
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98. What compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model?
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D. Data dictionary
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99. Which of the following systems allow users to create, read, update, and delete data in a relational database?
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C. Relational database management system
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100. Which of the following illustrates the primary concepts of the relational database model?
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B. Entities, attributes, keys, and relationships
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101. Which of the following stores information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event, and is usually referred to as a table?
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A. Entity
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102. What is the primary difference between an entity and an attribute?
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D. An entity is a table that stores information about people, places, or events, whereas an attribute is a column or specific field of the data elements associated with an entity
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103. What type of keys do you need to use to create a relational database model?
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B. Primary keys and foreign keys
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104. What is a field that uniquely identifies a given record in a table?
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B. Primary key
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105. What is the role of a foreign key?
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A. It is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables
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106. Which of the below is not an example of an advantage of using a relational database?
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D. Decreased information security
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107. Your textbook discussed a record store example where one user could perform a query to determine which recordings had a track length of four minutes or more, and another user could perform an analysis to determine the distribution of recordings as they relate to the different categories. What database advantage is this an example of?
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D. Increased flexibility
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108. What is data redundancy?
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D. All of the above
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109. What is the primary problem with redundant data?
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D. All of the above
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110. Which of the following is true in regards to the elimination of redundant data?
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C. Improves information quality
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111. What are the rules that help ensure the quality of information?
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B. Integrity constraints
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112. What are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints?
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D. Relational integrity constraint
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113. Which of the following is a valid type of integrity constraint?
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D. Business-critical integrity constraint
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114. What type of integrity constraint does not allow someone to create an order for a nonexistent customer?
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A. Relational integrity constraint
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115. All of the following are business-critical integrity constraints, except
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B. System will not allow returns of fresh produce after 15 days past delivery
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116. Which of the following focuses on how individual users logically access information to meet their own particular business needs?
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B. Logical view
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117. The example the book gave of www.EllisIsland.org, which generates more than 2.5 billion hits, is a site that offers a database that can easily adjust to handle massive volumes of information. What is this an example of?
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A. Increased scalability and performance
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118. One of the primary goals of a database is to eliminate data redundancy by recording each piece of data in only one place in the database. What does the elimination of data redundancy do for a database?
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D. All of the above
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119. What are rules that help ensure the quality of information?
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B. Integrity constraints
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120. What are the rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints?
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D. Relational integrity constraints
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121. Which of the following will enforce business rules vital to an organization's success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints?
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C. Business critical integrity constraints
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122. What type of website is an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers using a database?
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A. Data-driven website
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123. Which of the following offers an advantage of using a data-driven website
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D. All of the above
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124. Which of the below statements means the same as easy to manage content?
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C. Users can update data-driven website with little or no training
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125. Which of the following is not an example of an advantage to using the Web to access organizational databases?
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C. It is cleaner and virus-free
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126. Which of the below does not describe Zappos database?
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D. Zappos database was highly redundant
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127. Which of the following is not an advantage to a data-driven website?
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C. Increasing update costs
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128. A data warehouse is a _________ collection of information, gathered from many different ___________ databases, that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks.
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A. Logical, operational
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129. Which of the following is not one of the reasons why operational systems are not appropriate for business analysis?
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B. Operational systems are integrated
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130. What do data warehouses support?
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D. OLAP and analytical processing
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131. The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to ____________.
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A. Combine strategic information
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132. Gender can be referred to in many ways (Male, Female, M/F, 1/0) in a data warehouse. What is this an example of?
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C. Standardizing information
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133. Standardizing of data elements allows for _____________.
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A. Greater accuracy, completeness, and consistency
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134. Which of the below represents a reason why data warehouses were created?
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D. All of the above
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135. What does extraction, transformation, and loading mean?
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B. It is a process that extracts information from internal and external databases, transforms it using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads it into a data warehouse
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136. Which of the following fall in the category of external databases in the data warehouse model?
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C. Competitor and industry information, mailing lists, and stock market analysis
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137. Which of the following describes ETL?
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D. All of the above
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138. What is data mining?
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D. Process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone
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139. When does information cleansing occur in the data warehouse?
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C. During the ETL process and once it is in the data warehouse
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140. Which of the following statements is true regarding customer information?
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D. All of the above
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141. Which of the following occurs during data cleansing?
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D. All of the above
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142. Which of the following statements is true?
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D. The more complete and accurate an organization wants to get its information, the more it costs
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143. Within the beginning stage of the data warehouse models process, which of the following are included in the internal databases?
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A. Marketing, sales, inventory, and billing
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144. What is the ultimate outcome of a data warehouse?
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D. Data marts
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145. Which of the following contains a subset of data warehouse information?
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B. Data mart
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146. What are the primary differences between a data warehouse and a data mart?
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C. Data warehouses have a more organization-wide focus, data marts have functional focus
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147. Which of the following is the common term for the representation of multidimensional information?
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D. Cube
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148. What is another term for information cleansing?
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B. Information scrubbing
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149. What determines the accuracy and completeness of organizational data?
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B. Data quality audit
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150. Which of the below is not included as an information cleansing activity?
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D. Identifies sales trends
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151. What is the process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone?
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C. Data mining
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152. What are the two main objectives associated with data mining?
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B. Uncovering trends and patterns
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153. Which of the following uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information that predict future behavior and guide decision making?
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C. Data-mining tools
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154. Which of the following is not a common form of data mining?
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A. Division organization
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155. Which of the following forms of data mining assigns records to one of a predefined set of classes?
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B. Classification
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156. What is another term for data that is already contained in a database or a spreadsheet?
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A. Structured data
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157. What is another term for data that does not exist in a fixed location?
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B. Unstructured data
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158. What analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and sentences?
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C. Text mining
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159. What is web mining?
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A. Unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer behavior and website navigation B. Analyzes
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160. What are the three common forms for mining structured and unstructured data?
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A. Cluster analysis, association detection, statistical analysis
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161. What is the technique used to divide information sets into mutually exclusive groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and the different groups are as far apart as possible?
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B. Cluster analysis
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162. What is a great example of using cluster analysis in business to create target-marketing strategies?
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C. Zip code segmentation
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163. Which of the below defines the relationship between variables along with the nature and frequency of the relationship?
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A. Association detection
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164. What is a common association detection analysis technique where you analyze certain items to detect customers' buying behavior and predict future behavior?
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C. Market basket analysis
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165. Which of the following techniques performs such functions as information correlations, distributions, calculations, and variance analysis?
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B. Statistical analysis
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166. When discovering trends and seasonal variations in transactional information, use a(n) ______-__________ forecast to change the transactional information by units of time, such as transforming weekly information into monthly or seasonal information or hourly information and into daily information.
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D. Time-series
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167. What is it called when a manager has so much data and information that they cannot make a decision?
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A. Data rich, information poor
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168. Which of the below questions can be answered using business intelligence? A. Where has the business been? B. Where is the business now? C. Where is the business going? D. All of the above.
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D. All of the above.
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169. What is information that people use to support their decision-making efforts?
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D. Business intelligence
