Biology Chapter 2 – Flashcards
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Which of the following cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means?
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Element
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What is a compound?
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atoms of different elements bonded together in certain ratios
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Which phrase best describes atoms?
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smallest basic units of matter
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Atoms connected by covalent bonds share
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pairs of electrons.
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An ion is formed when an atom gains or loses
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electrons
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The attraction among molecules of different substances is called
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adhesion
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A solution with a high concentration of H ions
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is very acidic.
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Which of the following phrases best describes a solvent?
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present in a greater concentration than solutes
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Why is water necessary to your body?
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It dissolves and transports substances.
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Hydrogen bonds can form between regions of polar molecules that are
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oppositely charged.
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Carbon is unique due to the carbon atom's
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bonding properties.
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Which category of carbon-based molecules includes sugars and starches?
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carbohydrates
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Fats, oils, and cholesterol are all types of
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lipids.
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Proteins are composed of which molecules?
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amino acids
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DNA and RNA are two types of
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nucleic acids.
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Chemical reactions change substances into different substances by
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breaking and forming chemical bonds.
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Identify the reactants in the following chemical reaction: 6HO + 6CO mc002-1.jpg CHO + 6O
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6h2o and 6c
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What is the term for the amount of energy that needs to be added for a chemical reaction to start?
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activation energy
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Which phrase best describes an exothermic chemical reaction?
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releases more energy than it absorbs
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Which phrase best describes the effect of a catalyst on a chemical reaction?
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decreases the activation energy
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Which statement best describes the graph shown?
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Less energy is needed to start reaction B.
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Enzymes affect chemical reactions in living organisms by
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weakening bonds in reactants.
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The specific reactants that an enzyme acts on are called
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substrates.
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Changes in temperature and pH can decrease an enzyme's activity by breaking
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hydrogen bonds
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What does Biuret's test for?
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protein
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what does benedict test for?
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simple sugars
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what does iodine test for?
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startch
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what did the paper bag test for?
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lipids
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What are proteins?
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Long chain of amino acids ( meats, beans, nuts, cheese
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What are carbohydrates?
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store energy (simple sugars and starches)
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what are lipids?
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long term storing fats ( fats and oils)
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what are Nucleic acids?
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DNA and RNA ( monomer=one)
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What is endothermic?
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absorbs more energy
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what is exothermic?
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releases more energy
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6h20+6co2> c6h2o6+6o2
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first part = reactant second =product
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Cohesion
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water=water
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adhesion
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water =paper towel
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properties of hydrogen?
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cohesion adhesion and high specific heat
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what is activation energy?
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How much energy required to start chemical reaction.
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what is a catalyst?
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speeds up reaction
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what is an ion?
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charged atom ( electrons)
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what is an atom?
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basic unit of matter
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what is a covelant bond?
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Shared electrons
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what is polar?
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positive and negative charge (water)
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what is nonpolar?
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no charge (oil)
