Biology-Chapter 10 Study Guide – Flashcards
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As a cell becomes larger, its volume increases ___ than its surface area.
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faster
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Compared to small cells, large cells have more trouble
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moving needed materials in and waste products out
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The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called ___.
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cell division
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An advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction ___.
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It provides genetic diversity. If the environment changes, some offspring may have the right combination of characteristics needed to survive.
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During which phase in the cell cycle does mitosis happen?
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M phase
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When during the cell cycle is a cell's DNA replicated?
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S phase
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Which phases does Interphase consist of?
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G1 S G2
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LIst the phases of mitosis?
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prophase metaphase anaphase telophase
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During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?
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metaphase
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What is the role of the spindle fibers during mitosis?
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forms a protein structure that divides the genetic material in a cell
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The two main stages of cell division are called ___ and ___.
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mitosis cytokinesis
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In eukaryotic cells, the timing of the cell cycle is regulated by ___.
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cyclins
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___ are external regulators of the cell cycle?
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growth factors
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Cancer cells form masses of cells called ___.
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tumors
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During early development, all cells in the embryo of a multicellular organism are identical. Later on in development, the cells will become specialized through a process called ___.
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differentiation
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The ___ a cell is, the more difficult it is for the cell to move enough nutrients and wastes across its cell membrane to maintain its normal functions.
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larger
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Mitosis is a form of ___ reproduction, because the daughter cells that form are identical to the parent cell.
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asexual
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Most of a cell's growth takes place during the ___ G2 phase of the cell cycle.
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Interphase (my answer) G1 (your answer)
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During ___, a cell undergoing cell division finally splits into two daughter cells.
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cytokenesis
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Question #2 What is the role of the spindle fibers during mitosis?
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Spindle fibers connect the centromere of each chromosome to the two poles of the spindle.
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Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their
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growth
