Biology CH. 12
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What would have happened if Avery had added an enzyme that digested all the nucleic acids to the mixtureof heat-killed bacteria, added the mixture to harmeless bacteria, and injected the mixture into mice?
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The harmless bacteria would not have been transformed, and the mice would have died.
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What is inside of Bacteriophage?
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Nucleicacid
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in what way is DNA like a book?
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DNA has stored information , that can be compied and passed on.
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In which cells is the accurate transmission of information most important
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Sex cells
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Which is a nucleotide found in DNA
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Deoxyribose+phosphate group+ cytosine
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TaBased on chargaff's rule, the percentages of guannine bases in chicken DNA should be arounnd___ if A is 28.8?
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21.5
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The percentage of cytosine in DNA of the bacterium, s.Lutea should be around___ if a is 13.4
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36.6
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Which scientist made x-ray diffraction photos of DNA
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Franklin
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What is the chronological order of the importantdiscoveries in the structure of DNA?
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Chargarr's ratios fo nucleotides -> franklin x-ray photo-> watson and crick double helix
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Watson and crick discovered the two strands in DNA
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Run is opposite directions
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Which bacteria killed the mice in Griffin's transformation experiment?
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Live, harmless bacteria and heat-killed, harmful bacteria
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Griffith called the process he observed transformation because
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The harmless bacteria had been transformed.
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What did avery conclude caused transformation?
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DNA was the transforming factor.
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What do bacteriophages infect?
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Viruses
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What did hershey an chase label the viral DNA with radioactive phosphorous and not radioactive sulfur?
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DNA contains phosphorus and no sulfur.
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Which part fo the bacteriophage in the figure of bacteria contains genetic material?
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B big head thing with the noodles
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What stores information in a cell
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DNA
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Fig. 12-2 shows the sturcture of a
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DNA molecule
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Because of base pairing in DNA the percentage of____
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Adenine molecules in DNA is much greater than the percentage of thymine molecules.
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Which two bases pair together in DNA
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Cytosine and guanine
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what would Hershey and Chase have concluded if both radioactive 32P and 35S were found in the bacteria in the experiment?
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Both viurs's protein coat and its DNA wereInjected into the bacteria
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Bacteriophages inject ______ into bacteria, altering the bacteria's genetic information
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DNA genetic Material
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DNA is a nucleic acid made up of _______ joind into long strands or chains by covalent bonds
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Nucleotoides
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The three parts of a DNA ncleotide are the phosphate group, Deoxyribose, and the ____
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Base
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When ______ Destroyed the DNA in his mixture containing various molecules from heat-killed bacteria, transformation no longer Occured
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Griffith
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Watson and crick discovered that _______ bonds hold base pairs together at the center of a strand of DNA.
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Hydrogen
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The Watson and crick model of DNA is a_______ in which two strands are wound around each other
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Double Helix
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In fig. 12-8 , the percentage of guanine would be ____
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20%
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DNA replication results in two DNA molecules...
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Each with on e new strand and one original strand.
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In fig 12-5 what is adding the base pairs to the strand?
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DNA polymerase
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In eukaryotes, DNA...
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Is located in the nucleus.
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In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, how many copies of the chromosome are left after replication?
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2
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Which would be greater in a eukaryote than in a prokaryote?
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The number of replication forks ona strand of DNA
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The Replication of DNA molecule results in ____ copies of teh same gene.
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2
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DNA is tightly wrapped around ______
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Histones
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In eukaryotes, DNA replcation proceeds in ____direction(s) along the DNA molecule.
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Two
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The tips of chromosomes are known as___
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Telomeres
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During DNA replication, what two processes must occure before the two strands of DNA molecule can separate?
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The hydrogen bonds between the base pairs must be broken, and the molecule must unwind.
