Biology 103 Ch.1 – Flashcards

What is energy? 1) a measure of calories 2) metabolism 3) a measure of disorder 4) the capacity to perform work 5) the capacity to cause movement

A rock on the top of a mountain contains ______ energy. 1) potential 2) conserved 3) kinetic 4) motion 5) no

Which of the following is a measure of disorder? 1) respiration 2) potential energy 3) kinetic energy 4) entropy 5) conservation of energy

Glucose molecules provide energy to power the swimming motion of sperm. In this example, the sperm are changing ______. 1) kinetic energy into chemical energy 2) chemical energy into kinetic energy 3) chemical energy into potential energy 4) kinetic energy into potential energy 5) none of the above

Humans convert approximately ______ of the energy stored in food to useful work. 1) 80% 2) 40% 3) 99.9% 4) 60% 5) 20%

You have a 2-liter bottle of liquid water at 0°C. About how many Calories are needed to heat up the water to 100°C? 1) 100 Calories 2) 10,000 Calories 3) 200 Calories 4) 2,000 Calories 5) 2 Calories

Energy is transferred from ATP to other molecules by transferring a(n) ______. 1) photon 2) spring 3) adenosine 4) heat unit 5) phosphate group

Usually, enzymes are ______. 1) steroids 2) phospholipids 3) fats 4) proteins 5) monosaccharides

The sum total of all the chemical reactions that occur in organisms is called ______. 1) replication 2) metabolism 3) cellular synthesis 4) summation 5) inheritance

Which one of the following is true? 1) Enzymes catalyze specific reactions. 2) Most enzymes are lipids. 3) An enzyme's function requires inhibitors. 4) Enzymes are the products in a chemical reaction. 5) Enzymes are the reactants in a chemical reaction.

An enzyme's function is dependent on its ______. Question 11 options: 1) temperature 2) weight 3) size 4) shape 5) pH

The region of an enzyme to which a substrate binds is called the ______ site. 1) substrate 2) enzymatic 3) active 4) conformational 5) denatured

Which component of the following reaction is the substrate? sucrose + sucrase + water ? sucrase + glucose + fructose 1) fructose 2) sucrose 3) sucrase 4) glucose 5) There is no substrate in this reaction.

Substances that plug up an enzyme's active site are ______. 1) reactants 2) enzyme products 3) enzyme inhibitors 4) induced fit factors 5) enzyme substrates

Diffusion ______. 1) proceeds until equilibrium is reached 2) requires an input of cellular energy 3) occurs when particles spread from areas where they are less concentrated to areas where they are more concentrated 4) is driven by an input of cellular energy 5) is the result of the potential energy of atoms

A cell that neither gains nor loses water when it is immersed in a solution is ______. 1) metabolically inactive 2) dead 3) isotonic to its environment 4) hypertonic to its environment 5) hypotonic to its environment

In a hypotonic solution, a plant cell will ______. 1) undergo plasmolysis 2) burst 3) become flaccid 4) become turgid 5) pump out excess water

Which of the following processes could result in the net movement of a substance into a cell, if the substance is more concentrated in the cell than in the surroundings? 1) facilitated diffusion 2) diffusion 3) plasmolysis 4) osmosis 5) active transport

______ is to eating as ______ is to drinking. 1) Phagocytosis . . . pinocytosis 2) Diffusion . . . endocytosis 3) Cell pumping . . . endocytosis 4) Active transport . . . diffusion 5) Endocytosis . . . exocytosis